Cambridge University Press

9780521864077 - The Encyclopedia of Religion in Australia - Edited by James Jupp

Frontmatter/Prelims

The Encyclopedia of Religion in Australia: Edited by James Jupp

Australia is a country rich in religious diversity. While constitutionally speaking Australia is a secular society, waves of immigration over its short history have had a great impact on its religious and cultural make-up.

The Encyclopedia of Religion in Australia is the first major work of reference to describe the beliefs, practices and organisation of religion in Australia. It examines religion in several different ways: historical development, belief systems and controversies, as well as the social role each faith plays in modern Australian society.

This comprehensive volume includes entries on Indigenous spirituality, Scientology, Hillsong and Atheism, and features all of the major religions. Richly illustrated, it includes a section dedicated to current debates and issues in modern-day Australia, such as the place of religion in politics, fundamentalism, religious education and social cohesion.

James Jupp is Director of the Centre for Immigration and Multicultural Studies and Adjunct Professor in the Australian Demographic and Social Research Institute at the Australian National University.

The Encyclopedia of Religion in Australia

Edited by

James Jupp

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
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Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521864077

First published 2009

Edited by Renée Otmar
Index by Jean Norman
Design by Liz Nicholson, DesignBITE
Typeset by Aptara Corp.
Printed in China by Everbest

A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library.

National Library of Australia Cataloguing in Publication dataJupp, James, 1932–The encyclopedia of religion in Australia / James Jupp9780521864077 (hbk.).BibliographyAustralia – Religion – Encyclopedias.200.0394

ISBN 978-0-521-86407-7 hardback

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List of contributors	ix
Chronology	xiii
Preface	xxi
Introduction James Jupp	1
An historical outline of religion in Australia Hilary M. Carey	5
Defining religion and spirituality Gary Bouma	22
The social role of religion James Jupp	28
Time, place and social status James Jupp	41
Ethnic variety and origins James Jupp	53
RELIGION IN AUSTRALIA A–Z	69
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander religions	69
Anglican Catholic Church	118
Anglicans	120
Anthroposophy	155
Armenian Christianity in Australia	156
The Assemblies of God in Australia/Australian Christian Churches	157
Assyrian Churches in Australia	162
Atheism in Australia	164
The Australian Church	166
The Bahá’í faith	168
Baptists	171
Brethren in Australia	180
Buddhists	182
Catch the Fire	214
Catholic Apostolic Church	215
Catholics	216
The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) in Australia	245
Catholics: Chaldeans	276
Catholics: Maronites	279
Catholics: Melkites	282
Catholics: Ukrainian	283
Chinese Christians in Australia	284
Chinese religions in Australia	287
Christadelphians	291
Christian Israelites	292
Christian Science	293
Churches of Christ in Australia	295
Congregationalists	299
Coptic Orthodox Church	304
Druze in Australia	312
The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church	314
Evangelical Christianity in Australia	317
Hare Krishnas	323
Hillsong and the mega-churches	325
Hindu beliefs, practices and life in Australia	329
Hutterites and Anabaptists	340
Jehovah’s Witnesses	342
Jews	345
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) in Australia	375
The Liberal Catholic Church	380
Lutherans	382
Mandaeans	400
Methodists	404
Molokans	415
Moravians	417
Muslims	418
Church of the Nazarene	470
Orthodox	472
The Antiochian Orthodox Church in Australia	474
Greek Orthodoxy in Australia	477
Macedonian Churches in Australia	492
The Russian Orthodox Church	501
Serbian Orthodox Church	503
Syrian Orthodox Churches	510
Other Orthodox Churches in Australia	511
Pacific Islander Churches	513
Paganism and Wicca in Australia	515
Pentecostals	516
Presbyterians	523
Quakers in Australia	546
Ratana	550
The Reformed Churches	551
Russian Old Believers	553
Salvationists	554
Satanists	560
Scientologists in Australia	561
Seventh Day Adventists	563
Sikhs in Australia	566
Spiritualists	571
Swedenborgians (New Church)	575
The Templers in Australia	577
Theosophy	578
Unitarians	581
Uniting Church	582
Wesleyan Methodists	592
Zoroastrians	594
Other Australian religions	596
Belief and disbelief James Jupp	602
Religion, state and politics in Australia Marion Maddox	608
Religion and politics in Australia – a Catholic perspective Tony Coady	621
Ecumenical and multifaith Australia Desmond Cahill	633
Fundamentalism in modern society James Jupp	639
Religion, immigration and refugees James Jupp	645
Religion, media and cultural diversity Andrew Jakubowicz	655
Non-Christian religions in Australia Abe Wade Ata	663
Religious school systems Geoffrey Sherington	668
Religious diversity and social cohesion in Australia Rod Ling and Gary Bouma	677
Welfare work and charitable organisations Shurlee Swain	685
Women and religion Hurriyet Babacan	695
Australian young people and religion Philip Hughes	712
Bibliography for significant religious groups in Australia	718
Index	759

Contributors

D.S. Abeyagunawardena

is a former Australian public servant and Sri Lankan journalist.

Abe Wade Ata

is Research Fellow in the School of Humanities and Social Sciences at Monash University.

Maged (Father Matthew) Attia

is a priest of the Coptic Orthodox Church in Sydney.

Joseph Azize

teaches law at the University of Technology Sydney.

Hurriyet Babacan

is Professor in the Institute for Community, Ethnicity and Policy Alternatives at Victoria University.

Archbishop Aghan Baliozian Oam

is Primate of the Armenian Church in Australia and New Zealand.

Trevor Batrouney

teaches at the Institute of Orthodox Christian Studies in Melbourne.

Rolf G. Beilharz

is an elder of the Temple Society.

Diane Bell

is Visiting Professor in Social Sciences at the University of Adelaide.

Purushottama Bilimoria

teaches at Deakin University.

Gary Bouma

is UNESCO Professor of Interreligious and Intercultural Relations at Monash University.

Ian Breward

is Archivist of the Uniting Church in Victoria.

Peggy Brock

teaches at Edith Cowan University.

Desmond Cahill

is Professor of Intercultural Studies at RMIT University.

Hilary M. Carey

is Professor of History at the University of Newcastle.

Arnavaz Chubb

is active in the Zoroastrian youth movement in Sydney.

Tony Coady

is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Melbourne.

Barry Coldrey

is a Christian Brother, author and teacher.

Patricia Curthoys

is a researcher in economics at the University of New South Wales.

Esther Daniel

teaches in the sociology program at La Trobe University.

Philimon G. Darmo

is a member of the Assyrian Australian Association.

Dr John Davis

is vicar of St. Peter’s Eastern Hill (Melbourne). He serves as a member of the Diocese of Melbourne Archbishop in Council and the National Synod of the Anglican Church.

Hanifa Deen

is an author who writes on Islam.

Father John Eddy SJ

is Director of the Australian Institute of Jesuit Studies.

William W. Emilsen

teaches church history at the United Theological College, and is editor of Uniting Church Studies.

Douglas Ezzy

is Head of the School of Sociology at the University of Tasmania.

Lyndsay A. Farrall

is a former principal of the Friends School, Hobart.

Bishop Tom Frame

is Director of St Mark's National Theological Centre.

Helen Fraser

was the editor of the Pacific Islands Monthly.

Gurdarshan Singh Gill

is a member of the Sikh Interfaith Council of Victoria.

Elizabeth Gilliam

is the photographer and researcher for this encyclopedia.

John Goldlust

lectures in sociology at La Trobe University.

Graham Hassall

is Professor of Governance at the University of the South Pacific, Fiji.

Peter M. Hill

was formerly Professor of Slavonic Languages at Hamburg University.

David Hilliard

is Associate Professor of History at Flinders University of South Australia.

Rev. Philip Hughes

is Director of the Christian Research Association.

Shakira Hussein

is a doctoral student at the Australian National University.

Mark Hutchinson

is Dean of the Graduate School at Southern Cross College.

Andrew Jakubowicz

is Professor of Sociology at the University of Technology, Sydney.

James JUPP Am

is Director of the Centre for Immigration and Multicultural Studies and Adjunct Professor in the Australian Demographic and Social Research Institute at the Australian National University.

Nahid Kabir

is Research Fellow in the School of Social and Cultural Studies at the University of Western Australia.

Anna Kenny

is an Alice Springs anthropologist and fieldwork student of Indigenous and Muslim affairs.

Rabbi John Levi

is Adjunct Professor at the Australian Catholic University, and Rabbi at the Temple Beth Israel in Melbourne.

Peter Lineham

is Head of the School of Social and Cultural Studies at Massey University, New Zealand.

Rod Ling

is a researcher at Monash University.

Alison Longwirth

is Chair of the Uniting Church Covenanting Commission in Western Australia.

Marion Maddox

is Associate Professor of Politics at Macquarie University.

Samer Mahmoud

is youth co-ordinator of the Sydney Druze Community.

Ken R. Manley

is Principal of Whitley College at the University of Melbourne.

Eshetu Mulugeta

is a member of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in Melbourne.

Stephen Mutch

was a Member of Parliament and now teaches politics and international relations at Macquarie University.

Marjorie Newton

is the author of books on Mormonism in Australia and New Zealand.

David Nicholls

is President of the Atheist Foundation of Australia.

Anne O’Brien

is Associate Professor of History at the University of New South Wales.

Heather O’Connor

is studying the history of Catholicism in Ballarat.

Father Frank O’Loughlin

is a Catholic priest in the parish of Sandringham, Victoria.

Stuart Piggin

is Director of the Centre for the History of Christian Thought and Experience at Macquarie University.

Widad Pitrus

is a graduate student at Monash University.

Muriel Porter

is an author, historian and lay Anglican activist in Melbourne.

Malcolm Prentis

teaches history at the Australian Catholic University.

Father Michael Protopopov

is Senior Lecturer at the Melbourne Institute of Orthodox Religious Studies.

Jill Roe

is Emeritus Professor of History at Macquarie University.

Gerald Rose

is convenor of the Social Justice Network of the Church of Christ in Melbourne.

Suzanne D. Rutland

is Chair of the Department of Hebrew, Jewish and Biblical Studies at the University of Sydney.

Abdullah Saeed

is Head of the Islamic Studies program at the University of Melbourne.

Brian Salter

is a graduate student at the University of Western Sydney.

Michael Sawer AO

is Principal Lecturer in Chinese at the University of Canberra.

Geoffrey Sherington

is Dean of the Faculty of Education at the University of Sydney.

Paulina Slivkoff

is a graduate student at Edith Cowan University.

Shurlee Swain

is Professor of Education at the Australian Catholic University in Ballarat.

Anastasios Tamis

is Director of the National Centre of Hellenic Studies at La Trobe University.

Jürgen Tampke

teaches European politics and history at the University of New South Wales.

Colin Tatz

is Director of the Australian Centre for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at the University of New South Wales.

Gregory Tillett

is the biographer of Charles Leadbeater, associate editor of Theosophical History and teaches in the School of Law at the University of Western Sydney.

John Warhurst

is Emeritus Professor of Political Science at the Australian National University.

Rachel Woodlock

is a graduate student at Monash University.

Rev. Dr Dean Zweck

is the historian of the Lutheran Church in South Australia.

The Encyclopedia of Religion in Australia: Edited by James Jupp

The Encyclopedia of Religion in Australia

James Jupp

Contents

Contributors