Volume II of The Cambridge History of the Cold War examines the developments that made the conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union a long-lasting international system during the 1960s and 1970s. A team of leading scholars explains how the Cold War seemed to stabilize after the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 and how this sense of increased stability evolved into the détente era of the early 1970s. The authors outline how conflicts in the Third World, as well as the interests and ideologies of the superpowers, eroded the détente process. They delve into the social and economic roots of the conflict, illuminate processes of integration and disintegration, analyze the arms race, and explore the roles of intelligence, culture, and national identities. Discussing the newest findings on US and Soviet foreign policy as well as examining key crises inside and outside Europe, this authoritative volume will define Cold War studies for years to come.
Melvyn P. Leffler is Edward Stettinius Professor of American History at the Department of History, University of Virginia. His previous publications include To Lead the World: American Strategy After the Bush Doctrine (2008, as co-editor), For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union, and the Cold War (2007, winner of the AHA George Louis Beer Prize), and A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration and the Cold War (1992, winner of the Bancroft Prize, the Robert Ferrell Prize, and the Herbert Hoover Book Award).
Odd Arne Westad is Professor of International History at the London School of Economics and Political Science. His previous publications include The Global Cold War: Third World Interventions and the Making of Our Times (2005, winner of the Bancroft Prize, the APSA New Political Science Prize, and the Akira Iriye Award), Decisive Encounters: The Chinese Civil War, 1946–1950 (2003), and Brothers in Arms: The Rise and Fall of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945–1963 (1999, as editor).
The Cambridge History of the Cold War is a comprehensive, international history of the conflict that dominated world politics in the twentieth century. The three-volume series, written by leading international experts in the field, elucidates how the Cold War evolved from the geopolitical, ideological, economic, and explains the global dynamics of the Cold War international system. It emphasizes how the Cold War bequeathed conditions, challenges, and conflicts that shape international affairs today. With discussions of demography and consumption, women and youth, science and technology, ethnicity and race, the volumes encompass the social, intellectual, and economic history of the twentieth century, shedding new light on the evolution of the Cold War. Through its various geographical and national angles, the series signifies a transformation of the field from a national – primarily American – to a broader international approach.
Volume I Origins
Volume II Crises and Détente
Volume II Endings
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
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First published 2010
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ISBN 978-0-521-83720-0 Hardback
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List of illustrations
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viii |
List of maps
|
x |
List of graphs
|
xi |
List of contributors to volume II
|
xii |
Preface to volumes I, II, and III
|
xv |
Note on the text
|
xviii |
1 Grand strategies in the Cold War
John Lewis Gaddis
|
1 |
2 Identity and the Cold War
Robert Jervis
|
22 |
3 Economic aspects of the Cold War, 1962–1975
Richard N. Cooper
|
44 |
4 The Cuban missile crisis
James G. Hershberg
|
65 |
5 Nuclear competition in an era of stalemate, 1963–1975
William Burr and David Alan Rosenberg
|
88 |
6 US foreign policy from Kennedy to Johnson
Frank Costigliola
|
112 |
7 Soviet foreign policy, 1962–1975
Svetlana Savranskaya and William Taubman
|
134 |
8 France, “Gaullism,” and the Cold War
Frédéric Bozo
|
158 |
9 European integration and the Cold War
N. Piers Ludlow
|
179 |
10 Détente in Europe, 1962–1975
Jussi M. Hanhimäki
|
198 |
11 Eastern Europe: Stalinism to Solidarity
Anthony Kemp-Welch
|
219 |
12 The Cold War and the transformation of the Mediterranean, 1960–1975
Ennio Di Nolfo
|
238 |
13 The Cold War in the Third World, 1963–1975
Michael E. Latham
|
258 |
14 The Indochina wars and the Cold War, 1945–1975
Fredrik Logevall
|
281 |
15 The Cold War in the Middle East: Suez crisis to Camp David Accords
Douglas Little
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305 |
16 Cuba and the Cold War, 1959–1980
Piero Gleijeses
|
327 |
17 The Sino-Soviet split
Sergey Radchenko
|
349 |
18 Détente in the Nixon–Ford years, 1969–1976
Robert D. Schulzinger
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373 |
19 Nuclear proliferation and non-proliferation during the Cold War
Francis J. Gavin
|
395 |
20 Intelligence in the Cold War
Christopher Andrew
|
417 |
21 Reading, viewing, and tuning in to the Cold War
Nicholas J. Cull
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438 |
22 Counter-cultures: the rebellions against the Cold War order, 1965–1975
Jeremi Suri
|
460 |
23 The structure of great power politics, 1963–1975
Marc Trachtenberg
|
482 |
24 The Cold War and the social and economic history of the twentieth century
Wilfried Loth
|
503 |
Bibliographical essay
|
525 |
Index
|
571 |
1. Plans for NATO unveiled by Leslie Gilbert Illingworth, March 20, 1949. By permission of Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru / The
National Library of Wales
|
32 |
2. Communism and capitalism compete for attention on walls in Calcutta. © Frédéric Soltan/Corbis
|
35 |
3. Distances from Cuba of various major US cities. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
74 |
4. Soviet missile launchers in Cuba photographed by US spy planes. © Corbis
|
84 |
5. Minuteman III in silo. © Jim Sugar/Corbis
|
94 |
6. President Kennedy delivering his inauguration speech, January 20, 1961. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
115 |
7. President Johnson reacting to news about the Vietnam War from Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara in December 1964. © Corbis
|
127 |
8. Fidel Castro with Leonid Brezhnev and Nikita Khrushchev at Khrushchev’s dacha in April 1963. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
137 |
9. President Ford and Leonid Brezhnev at the signing of the SALT II agreement in Vladivostok in November 1974. © Wally McNamee/Corbis
|
151 |
10. Charles de Gaulle and Konrad Adenauer shaking hands during their first meeting in Bad Kreuznach, West Germany, in December
1958. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
167 |
11. De Gaulle visiting the Polish city of Gdańsk in 1967. © Bruno Barbey/Magnum Photos
|
169 |
12. De Gaulle and British prime minister Harold Wilson meeting in London in 1965. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
189 |
13. West German Chancellor Willy Brandt kneeling at the monument to those killed by German troops in the uprising in Warsaw during
World War II. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
211 |
14. A Soviet tank in Prague, August 1968. © Josef Koudelka/Magnum Photos
|
226 |
15. Strike at Gdańsk shipyard, 1980. © Alain Keler/Sygma/Corbis
|
235 |
16. A Greek-Cypriot woman looking for a lost relative. © David Rubinger/Corbis
|
253 |
17. Mário Soares, the leader of the Portuguese Socialist Party, campaigning in Lisbon in 1975. © Henri Bureau/Sygma/Corbis
|
254 |
18. The body of Che Guevara. © Bettmann/Corbis
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270 |
19. The image of Che Guevara, already dead for four years, decorating a Chilean slum in 1971. © Raymond Depardon/Magnum Photos
|
279 |
20. French prisoners of war and their Vietnamese captors, July 1954. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
291 |
21. Vietnamese try to get on-board a US helicopter sent to evacuate CIA personnel from a building in Saigon, April 29, 1975. ©
Buffon-Darquennes/Sygma/Corbis
|
301 |
22. Egyptian president Anwar Sadat and Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin with US president Jimmy Carter at the White House,
March 26, 1979, after signing a peace treaty. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
323 |
23. Fidel Castro, Raúl Castro, and Che Guevara in October 1963, finalizing the plan to send Cuban troops to Algeria to protect
it from Moroccan aggression. From the archives of the Central Committee of the Cuban Communist Party
|
333 |
24. Four heads of state – Agostinho Neto of Angola, Fidel Castro of Cuba, Luís Cabral of Guinea-Bissau, and Ahmed Sékou Touré
of Guinea – at the grave of Amílcar Cabral, who led the independence movement of Guinea-Bissau. From the archives of the Central
Committee of the Cuban Communist Party
|
337 |
25. Mao Zedong and the man he purged twice, but who lived to succeed him, Deng Xiaoping. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
353 |
26. Soviet border guards at the Chinese border on the Ussuri river, May 1969. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
370 |
27. US president Richard Nixon and Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev, June 1973. © Corbis
|
381 |
28. Indian prime minister Indira Gandhi visiting nuclear testing sites in Rajasthan. © Kapoor Baldev/Sygma/Corbis
|
411 |
29. U2 spy plane in flight. © Aero Graphics, Inc./Corbis
|
421 |
30. Iurii Vladimirovich Andropov. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
427 |
31. William Casey, Director of US Central Intelligence from 1981 to 1987. © Bettmann/Corbis
|
428 |
32. Foreign students at the newly opened Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University in Moscow, 1961. © Bettmann/ Corbis
|
441 |
33. A still from Robert Wise’s 1951 The Day the Earth Stood Still. © John Springer Collection/Corbis
|
453 |
34. A crowd of activists give the Black Power salute at a rally for the US Black Panther Party, 1969. © Flip Schulke/Corbis
|
472 |
35. French police using force during the student demonstrations in Paris in May 1968. © Jacques Haillot/Sygma/Corbis
|
475 |
36. US secretary of state Henry Kissinger and West German chancellor Willy Brandt in Bonn, March 1974. © Heinrich Sanden/dpa/Corbis
|
485 |
37. US president Richard Nixon meets Chairman Mao Zedong in Beijing, February 21, 1972. © Corbis
|
498 |
1. The expansion of European integration
|
196 |
2. The Mediterranean Basin
|
240 |
3. Indochina
|
285 |
4. Territories occupied by Israel after 1967
|
316 |
5. Sino-Soviet border clashes on the eastern and western sectors of the frontier, March and August 1969
|
368 |