academics, 186–187, 286–288
meritocratic patronage, 183–188
Adam, Robert Archibald, 73, 78–80, 87, 89–90, 91, 92, 181
ill health during student days, 48–49
student lodgings, 84
Adam, Thomas Beat, 322–323, 325
Adams, James Alexander, 36, 181, 200
Afghan Campaign, 303, 307
Adelaide, South Australia, 260–262
Ahmed, Zalnoor Allee, 310
alternative medicine, 206–211
homoeopathy, 207–209
hydropathy, 206
hypnotism, 211
spa treatments, 206
Altham, James, 50
anatomy teaching, 68–69
Anchor Line, 135
Anderson, Anne Jane, 42
Anderson, Elizabeth Garrett, 42, 153, 156, 157, 167, 175
Anderson Marshall, Mary, 39, 157, 161, 165
marriage, 42, 164–165
motives for studying medicine, 160
antisepsis, 102, 107, 231–238, 368
in South African War, 330–333
in World War I, 346–349
opposition to, 110–111
see also Listerism
appointments see career paths
Arbuckle, John, 230
Army Medical Department (AMD), India, 300
Arnold, David, 296
asylums, 212–215
Atkins, Louisa, 157
Australian settlers [see also Adelaide, Melbourne, Sydney], 254–272
Listerians, 265–272
South Australia, 260–264
Australian students, 38–39, 42, 256–258
Balfour, John Hutton, 36, 78–80
Balfour, Sir Isaac Bayley, 302, 312
Balkan uprisings, 146–148
Barker, Annie Reay, 40–41, 42, 154, 157–158
Barr, James Bunton, 337–338, 340, 351, 354
Barr, John, 197
Barwell, Richard, 268–269
Beatson, Sir George, 108, 196, 331, 338, 364
Beck, Marcus, 103, 109, 188
Benjafield, Harry, 125, 271
Bennett, John Hughes, 90
Billroth, Theodor, 205
bismuth iodoform paraffin paste (Bipp), 349
Black, Archibald Grant, 256–257
Black, Malcolm, 195, 237–238, 341
Blackader, Alexander, 20, 47
Blackwell, Elizabeth, 153, 156
Blanchard, Robert Johnstone, 287, 288, 354
blood letting, 115–116
Blumer, George A., 47
Blumer, Percy, 181
Boer war (1899–1902), 328–337
Booth, Lancelot Parker, 282, 284, 336, 345, 351
Boucaud, Albert Adolphus, 291
Bovell Sturge, Emily, 39, 155, 157, 361
marriage, 165
Bramwell, Byrom, 52, 90
Bramwell, James Milne, 211
Bremner, Alexander, 193
Bridie, James, 51, 52–53, 373
Briggs, Henry, 181, 196
British Guiana, 290
Brodie, John, 135
Brown, John, 283
Brown, John James Graham, 197–198
Brunton, Duncan, 123, 131
Buchanan, George, 110–111
Burdwan fever, 311–312
Burnett, James Compton, 209
Cadell, Mary, 41
Caesarean section, 226–227, 229
Caird, Francis, 108, 144, 205, 351, 362
death of, 354
medical patrons, 129–130
World War I, 345, 346–347
Caithness, John, 358
Calder, William Johnstone, 291–292, 329, 335–336
Cameron, Sir Hector, 99, 106, 108
Cameron, Murdoch, 12, 108, 195, 229, 242
Campbell, Allan, 260, 261
Campbell, Peter, 355
Campbell, Robert Neil, 342–343, 350
Canadian settlers, 285–288
Canadian students, 196
cancer, 192, 196
Cantlie, Sir James, 321
carbolic see antisepsis; Listerism
cardiology, 196–197
career paths, xi, 122–127, 178
asylums, 212–215
European studies, xi, 141–145
family background importance, 148
government service, 215–219
hospital appointments
junior posts, 127–134
medical women, 157–158
marriage and, 148–151
medical elite, xi, 183–206
academics, 186–187, 202–206
consultants, 188, 198–202
specialists, 184–186, 188–202
medical women, 157–159
methodology, 376, 378–379
patronage, 129–130, 183–188
practice, 176–179
abroad see overseas careers
alternative types of, 206–211
general practice, 179–183, 221–223
rewards of, 355–365
specialization, 182–183
ship-surgeons, 134–141
Carey, William, 297, 319, 354
Caribbean settlers, 288–292
Carnegie, Andrew, 30–31
Carr, William, 218–219
Carrell-Dakin method, 348
Cash, Alfred Midgley, 208
Castro, Ladisloa de, 26
cataract surgery, 308–309
Chaplin Ayrton, Matilda Charlotte, 38, 42, 165, 361
Chateauneuf, Edouard de, 25
Chavasse, Thomas Sir, 36, 130, 133, 144, 232
Cheyne, Sir William Watson, 108, 109, 114, 129
antisepsis and, 231–232
career, 185, 205
estate value, 358
retirement, 352
South African War, 330, 333, 335
World War I, 347
writings of, 99, 108–109
Chiene, John, 99, 119
China, 318–319, 320–324, 325
Listerism, 324
Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs (CIMC) service, 320–324, 325
chloroform, 106–107
cholera, 236, 310–311
Christie, James, 214
Christison, Sir Robert, 60, 67, 69, 76–77, 87, 90–91
opposition to medical women, 41, 86–87
views on homoeopathy, 207
Clapperton, Jane Hume, 41
Clark, Ann E., 41, 157–158, 168
Clark, Archibald Campbell, 16, 29
Clark, Gavin, 337
Clark, Henry Edward, 200–201, 331–332, 334, 335
Clark, Robert Maxwell, 290
Clarke, John Henry, 209
Cleghorn, Arthur Wight, 26
Cleland, William Lennox, 257, 260–261, 270–271
Clouston, Sir Thomas, 213, 214
Cluckie, Neven, 190
Coats, Joseph, 80, 83–84, 99, 110, 117
trip to Australia and New Zealand, 271–272, 276
Coats, William, 27
consultants, 188, 198–202
meritocratic patronage, 183–188
Cooter, Roger, 189
Cotterill, James Montagu, 91, 202
Cowan, John, 362, 363
Crawford, Dirom Grey, 304
Creighton, Charles, 113
Crombie, James, 206–207, 351
Crow, James Nathaniel Harvey, 282
Crowdy, Frederic Hamilton, 75, 285
Cubitt, Geoffrey, 98, 100
Cullen, William, 97
Cunningham, Daniel John, 187, 244, 330, 341
curriculum, 65–76, 381
order of study, 382
Dahms, Anna, 40–41, 42, 154, 157, 158, 161, 343
Dalzell, James, 282–283, 284, 353
database methods see methodology
Davidson, Sir James Mackenzie, 181, 196, 330–331, 343, 353
Davies, Ellis Thomas, 226, 362, 365
deaths, 352–355
after qualification, 123
Joseph Lister, 341–342
methodology, 376–377
Sophia Louisa Jex-Blake, 342
students, 45–46
Denniston, James, 147
dermatology, 193
Dewar, Campbell Tulloch, 290
Dick, William, 330
Digby, Anne, 180, 188, 243
dining rooms in universities, 84–86
Dixson, Craig, 125, 257
Dixson, Thomas Storie, 125, 257, 267
Dodds, William, 280
Donald, William, 362
Douglas, Charles Edward, 345
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan, 74–75, 77, 83, 186
dressers, 109
dressings, 104–105, 106, 107
adaptations in mission hospitals, 319–320
adaptations outside Britain, 249, 251, 274
field dressings, 331, 333
drop-out rates
from the Medical Register, 123–125
medical students, 46–51
academic failure and, 93, 94
poverty and, 49–51
sickness and, 48–49
Drummond, James, 138, 141
Dudgeon, John Matthew, 140
Dufferin and Ava, Countess of, 314, 315
Dunlop, Walter McIndoe, 364
Dutt, Behany Lall, 310–311
dysentery, 310, 334
ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialism, 191–192
Edinburgh High School, 31–32
Edinburgh Ladies Educational Association (ELEA), 40–41
Edinburgh Medical Missionary Society, 75–76
Edinburgh medical school see University of Edinburgh
elite medical men see medical elite
emigration see overseas careers
Emrys Jones, Abraham, 190, 338
estate values, xii, 355–365
medical women, 361
eugenics, 339–341
European studies, xi, 141–145
medical women, 157
Evans, Robert Davies, 342, 353
examinations, 70–72
failure rates, 51–56
preliminary examination, 17–18
surgical examination, 114–115
timing, 67, 78
experimentation, 227–230
Fabeck, William de, 21
Faithfull, George, 58
Fayrer, Sir Joseph, 305, 310
female medical practitioners see medical women
filariasis, 321–322
Finlayson, James, 242
Fleming, William James, 201–202
Foggo, Isabella Margaret Hope, 162, 168, 297, 314–315, 361
Forbes, Robert Thomson, 206
Forrest, William, 364
Foulis, David, 123, 133
Foulis, James, 75
fractures, 114
Fraser, Alexander Duncan, 187, 353
Frew, William Simpson, 219, 362, 364
Fullarton, William Wallace,
funeral expenses, 362
further education, 141–145
Gairdner, Sir William Tennant, 45, 62, 63, 82–83, 214, 373
Gardner, William, 261–262
Gemmell, Samson, 205, 352–353, 357–358
General Medical Council, 1
general practice, 179–183, 221–223
hybrid general practitioners, xi, 183
types of,
germ theory, 235–241
See also antisepsis; Listerism
Gibbons, Robert Alexander, 195, 233
Gillon, George Gore, 133, 274, 277, 345
Glaister, John, 30, 149, 350, 351
Glasgow medical school see University of Glasgow
Glendinning, James, 214
Godlee, Sir Rickman, 106, 120, 188
government service, 215–219
medical women, 161
New Zealand, 276–277
Graham, John Thomas, 216, 217
Grange, William D’Oyly, 206
Granshaw, Lindsay, 189
Grant, Helen (De Lacey Evans), 38, 42
Grant, Principal (Alexander), 155
Grasett, Frederick LeMaitre, 287, 288
Gray, Henry Alfred Chatham, 303, 304–305
Gray, Thomas, 52
Greathead, John Baldwin Smithson, 283
Green, Mary, 43
Gregory, James, 97
Griffith, Griffiths, 361
Grigg, William Chapman, 195–196, 329, 362, 363
Gunn, Robert Marcus, 67–68, 189–190
Order of Study, 382
Guppy, Henry Brougham, 40
Guppy, William, 147
Guthrie, John, 136, 275–276, 278
Guthrie, Thomas, 275–276, 278–279, 351
gynaecology, 194–195
Haddow, John, 363
Halket, George, 141, 144–145, 195
Hall, Andrew Johnston, 363
Harrison, Mark,
Hartley, Alfred, 225–226
Hawkes, Alfred Edward, 208, 209
Hay, Matthew, 216, 240
Haycraft, John Berry, 181, 339–340
Headrick, Daniel R.,
Henderson, George, 353
Henderson, Thomas Beith, 364
Henderson, William, 207
Hewson, Robert William, 214
Holdsworth, Samuel Reyner, 359
Holmes, David, 339
Holms, John, 16
homoeopathy, 207–209
honours, 328
Hope, Cornelius, 353
Hope, Edward, 217–218, 240, 355
Hosking, William Henry, 274–275
hospitals
appointments
junior posts, 127–134
medical women, 157–158
medical experimentation, 227–230
Hunter, John, 97
Hurst, George, 257
Huston, David, 10–12, 21–22, 125
Hutchison, Alice, 345
Hutchison, John, 319, 354
hydropathy, 206
hypnotism, 211
Hyslop, James, 282, 350
Illingworth, Charles Rumney, 236
imperial service, 294–297
India, 297–316
India, 297–316, 353–354
estate values, 361
Listerism, 305–308
medical women and, 161–164, 314–315
missionaries, 319
public health, 296–297, 312
racial attitudes, 315–316
Indian Medical Service (IMS), xii, 294–295, 297–306
Indian students, 24–25
inflammation, 115–116
Irving, John, 354
Jack, David Morton, 308–309
Jackson, Charles Julian, 21
Jamaica, 290
Jex-Blake, Sophia Louisa, 6, 8, 153, 155, 156–157, 158
career path, 158–159
death of, 342
estate value, 361
motives for studying medicine, 160
networks, 166
publications, 169
student days, 38–44
see also medical women
Johnston, Henry Halcro, 334
Jones, David Johnston, 130, 214
Jones, John Mathew, 130
Joshua, Francis William, 226–227
Joynt, Francis George, 21
Kashmir Mission Hospital, 319–320
Kay, Walter Smith, 214
Keetley, Charles Bell, 122, 133, 137, 141–142, 256
Keith, Thomas, 116, 168
Kelly, James Kelloch, 195
Kelly, Robert Vandeleur, 329
Ker, Alexina, 41
Ker, Alice Jane Shannan, 40, 41, 157–158, 161, 167, 343
estate value, 361
publications, 169–170
Ker, Elizabeth, 41
Kingsley, Sarah, 41
Kipling, Rudyard, 248
Knobel, Johann Balthazar, 281, 284, 336, 345–346
Knox, David Neilson, 200
Laidlaw, Robert, 318, 324
Lamb, William, 191–192
Laval, Evaniste, 25
Law, Edward, 140, 185, 191
Law, William Thomas, 193
Lawrence, Christopher,
Lawrence, Susan, 117–118
Lawrie, Edward, 307, 308
Laycock, Thomas, 76, 213
Le Fevre, George, 265, 267
Leader, Nicholas, 342
lecturers
University of Edinburgh, 384
University of Glasgow, 386
see also teachers
Lediard, Henry Ambrose, 242
Lees, Thomas McClelland, 135, 239–240
Leeson, John Rudd, 87–88, 96, 104, 109, 117, 144
midwifery and, 238
Leeward Islands, 289
Lewis, William Alma Aymler, 138
Lewtas, John, 303, 307–308, 309–310, 361
life insurance policies, 361–362
Lister, Joseph, 1st Baron, 5–8, 62, 80, 96–121, 203, 367–369, 372–373
antisepsis and, 102, 107
appointment of former students, 129
death of, 341–342
experimental approach, 104, 207
homoeopathy and, 208
influence in public health, 218
lecturing style, 101–102
moralism, 369–370
move to London, 118–119, 132
objection to medical women, 152, 174–175
patronage, 187–188
reunions with former students, 248–249
surgical demonstrations, 102–106
surgical practice, 223–224
views on student courses, 67, 68
Listerism, 221–247, 367–369
adaptation of, 231–241
antisepsis, 102, 107, 231–238
in obstetrics, 237–238
in public health, 238–240
in South African War, 330–333
in World War I, 346–349
keeping abreast, 241–247
missionaries, 319–320
spread of, 6, 8, 132–134, 293
Australia, 265–272
Canada, 286–288
Caribbean, 291–292
China, 324
India, 305–308
New Zealand, 277–278
South Africa, 283–284
surgery outside the hospitals, 230–231
see also Lister, Joseph; surgery
living arrangements of students, 83–84
Livingstone, David, 318
Livingstone, William Oswell, 26, 48, 101, 290, 364
Livingstone, Thomas, 26, 48, 149
London hospitals, 130–131
London School of Medicine for Women (LSMW), 153
Lord, Frederick, 140
Lowson, David, 199–200, 353
lunacy, 212–215
Lunan, Charles Smith, 181, 363
Lyall, Alexander, 318–319
MacAffer, John, 275
MacAlister, Sir Donald, 372–373
McBride, Peter, 191
McCalman, Dove, 246, 362, 364, 365
McDougall, Richard, 267–268
MacGillivray, Charles Watson, 202, 232, 235, 342
Macgregor, Duncan Alistair, 277
MacGregor, Peter, 353
MacGregor, William, 149, 260, 326
Macintyre, Alexander, 363
Mackay, Charles Gordon, 362
Mackellar, Charles Kinnaird, 257–258, 266
McKendrick, J. G., 77
Mackenzie, James, 303
McLachlan, William Allison, 235, 236–237, 240–241
Maclagan, Sir Douglas, 155
Maclaren, Ian, 31
McLaren, Agnes, 38–39, 165–166, 324
estate value, 361
involvement in India, 163–164
motives for studying medicine, 40, 160
McLaren, Duncan, 38–39
McLaren, Priscilla, 38–39
MacLeod, George H. B., 114–115
Macleod, Kenneth, 305
McLintock, James, 216, 241
McMurrich, Malcolm, 215
MacNaughton, Allan, 226
MacPherson, Richard Burns, 147
MacRae, Donald, 318
McVail, Sir David Caldwell, 199
McVail, John Christie, 112, 216, 218, 338, 342, 363
interest in public health, 216–217
Maitland, John, 310
Manson, Sir Patrick, 320–322, 323
Marcy, Henry O., 120
marriage
career paths and, 148–151
medical women, 164–165
Marshall, Mary see Anderson Marshall, Mary
Masson, Rosaline, 40
Matheson, Farquhar, 191
Maudsley, Henry, 212
Maxwell, Sir William Stirling, 86–87
MD theses, 223
Meadows, Henry, 22
Medical Act (1858), 1, 65–66, 182
medical assistants, 56–57, 179–180, 181
Medical Directory, 122–123, 125, 176–178, 351–352
medical elite, xi, 183–206
academics, 186–187, 202–206
consultants, 188, 198–202
meritocratic patronage, 183–188
specialists, 184–186, 188–202
medical emigration see overseas careers
medical experimentation, 227–230
medical missionaries, 317–320, 325–326
China, 318–319, 320
India, 319
medical officers of health (MOHs), 215–218
medical profession
cohort study, 2–9
family succession, 42
historical approaches, 1–2
status of, 35–36, 369–370
See also career paths
medical qualifications, 31–32, 36, 38, 44, 93
homoeopathic,
Medical Register, 123
drop-outs, 123–125
medical societies, xi, 242–243, 244, 245
Australia, 258
medical students
after qualifying see career paths
drop-out rates, 46–51
academic failure and, see drop-out rates, 93, 94
poverty and, 49–51
sickness and, 48–49
failure rates, 51–56
female students, 38–44
networks, 36–44, 58–60, 94
new arrivals, 10–44
age range, xi, 12–15, 21
Arts background, 16–18
birthplaces, xi, 21–26, 34
number of, 12
social backgrounds, xi, 27, 28, 30–36
religious beliefs, 93–94
student life, 83–94
friendships, 94
living arrangements, 83–84
sports and exercise, 91–92
student associations, 88–91
medical study
anatomy, 68–69
cost of, 49–51
course fees, 13, 49
curriculum, 65–76, 381
order of study, 382
failure rates, 51–56
flexible nature of, 18–21
teachers, 76–83
see also medical students
medical women, 6, 8, 152–175, 342, 372
arrival of first women students, 38–44
career paths, 157–159
government opportunities, 161
marriage effects, 164–165
estate values, 361
exclusion from surgical careers, 167–168
in India, 161–164, 314–315
methodology, 380
networks, 38–44, 154–155, 166, 170–171, 372
opposition to, 152–155
publications, 168–170
Rectorial elections and, 86–87
relationships with male colleagues, 171–173
World War I effect on, 343–345
Medico-Chirurgical Society, Glasgow University, 88–89
Melbourne, Victoria
medical school,
medical practice in,
mental diseases, 212–215
meritocratic patronage, 183–188
methodology, 375–380
addresses, 375
career attributions, 376
deaths, 376–377
fathers’ occupations, 377
numbers of students and qualifiers, 377–378
posts, 378–379
schools, 379
siblings, 379–380
women matriculands, 380
Mickle, Adam Frederick John, 273
Middlemiss, George, 246
Middleton, George Stevenson, 35, 244, 358, 373
midwifery, 194, 195–196
Listerism application, 237–238
training in, 73
missionaries, 317–320
China, 318–319, 320
domestic, 74, 313
India, 319
Papua, 325, 326
Mitchell, Richard Blackwell, 351
Moir, Byres, 208, 209
Moolman, Hans, 336
Morison, James Rutherford, 111, 136, 205, 224–225, 229–230, 349
mortality rates, medical profession
after qualification, 123
students, 45–46
Morton, Andrew Stanford, 190
Moyes, John, 363, 364
Mundy, Sophy Massingberd, 42
Munro, Archibald Campbell, 216, 217
Myers, William Wykeham, 321, 322, 324, 325
Nairne, John Stuart, 228, 229
National Insurance Act (1911), 337–339
Neild, Frederic, 208
Nesbitt, William Peel, 261
networks, 2–3, 58–60, 371–372
Australia, 258
Listerism and, 241–247
medical students, 36–38, 94
medical women, 38–44, 154–155, 166, 170–171, 372
neurology, 197–198
New Hospital for Women, 157
New Zealand settlers, 294–302 (See also Listerism), 272–279
Newington, Herbert Francis Hayes, 132–133, 214
Newman, David, 192–193, 220, 230–231
Nicolson, Malcolm, 297
Nightingale, Florence, 156–157
obstetrics and gynaecology see gynaecology; midwifery
Ogston, Sir Alexander, 119
Oliphant, William Bruce, 324
Oliver, Sir Thomas, 205–206
operations see surgery
ophthalmology, 73–74, 189–190, 196
overseas careers, xii, 249–293, 295
China, 318–319, 320–324, 325
foreign-born doctors, 251
imperialists, 294–297
India, 297–316
medical missionaries, 317–320, 325–326
reasons for, 251–254, 371
settlers, xi, 250, 252, 254–293
Australia, 254–272
Canada, 285–288
Caribbean, 288–292
New Zealand, 272–279
South Africa, 279–284
Palmer, Charles, 22
Papua, 325–326
Passenger Acts, 135–136
patients, 66, 74, 100, 103
in European hospitals, 141
experiments on, 216, 218, 227
middle class, 222, 224, 229
patronage, 129–130
medical elite, 183–188
meritocratic, 183, 187
women, 166, 168
Paul, James, 10–12, 21–22
Peacock, Samuel, 264, 355
Pechey Phipson, Mary Edith, 157, 158, 159, 166, 168
Indian practice, 162–163, 168, 315
student days, 38, 42, 43
Pegler, Louis Hemington, 185, 191
Penes, Ignacio, 26
Pennington, Hugh, 241
pensions, 351
Pinkerton, John, 147, 148
Pinkerton, Robert, 147
Pinnock, Robert Denham, 268–270
Pollock, Robert, 195
postgraduate courses, 244
Pringle, John James, 193, 350, 370
prison medical service, 218–219
private nursing homes, 223–224
professors, 76–83, 205–206
University of Edinburgh, 384
University of Glasgow, 386
see also academics
psychology, 73–74, 212–215
public health, 215–218
India, 296–297, 312
Listerism and, 238–240
New Zealand, 276–277
Rand, Richard Frank, 281
Ransom, Frederick Parlett Fisher, 204
rectorial elections, 86–87
Reed, William Cash, 208
Reid, D. Boswell, 255
Reilly, Edwin James, 356
Rendall, Stanley Morton, 324, 345
retirements, 351–352
Rice, George, 26
Ronaldson, Thomas Rutherford, 111
Rorison, Jane Russell, 40–41
Rosenberg, Samuel, 26, 318
Ross, Alfred Clunies, 58
Ross, John, 136
Roy, Charles Smart, 150, 197–198, 203
Roy, Gopaul Chunder, 311–312, 316
Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, 127–129
Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, 127
Royal Medical Society (RMS), Edinburgh University, 89–90
Russo–Turkish wars (1877–8), 146–148
Ryan, Sir Charles Snodgrass, 145, 146–147, 257, 267–268, 345
Sakir, Nourmahomet, 25
Saundby, Robert, 172, 205, 337–338, 350–351
sawdust dressings, 319–320
Scharlieb, Mary, 167, 168
Scott, Alexander, 16
Scott, James, 219
Shaw, William John, 149
Sherburn, Sir John, 352
ship-surgeons, 134–141
Shircore, Johannes Michael Catchick, 24
Shove, Edith, 41
Simpson, Alexander Russell, 73, 87
Simpson, James, 138, 139
Simpson, Sir James Young, 42, 97
Sims, Marion, 227–228
Sinclair, Robert, 198
Skirving, Robert Scot, 92, 93, 94
Sloan, Archibald, 246
Smith, James Wilkie, 245–246
Smith, John Walker, 259–260
societies, see medical societies xi, 195, 243, 244, 245
South Africa
students, 39
settlers, 279–284
War (1899–1902), 328–337
South Australia, 260–264
spa treatments, 206
specialists, 182–183, 184–186, 188–202
cancer, 196
cardiology, 196–197
dermatology, 193
ear, nose and throat (ENT), 191–192
gynaecology, 194–195
meritocratic patronage, 183–188
midwifery, 194, 195–196
neurology, 197–198
ophthalmology, 73–74, 189–190, 196
x-rays, 196
Spence, James, 68, 73, 111, 229
surgical practice, 106, 107, 113–114, 116
Stenhouse, William McStravick, 29–30, 276, 277–278
Stephenson, George Skelton, 77–78, 91, 92, 93
preliminary examination and, 18
thoughts on relations with medical women, 171
Stevenson, Flora Clift, 39, 40, 41
Stevenson, Louisa, 39, 40, 41
Stevenson, William Flack, 333
Stewart, John, 129, 287, 288, 354
Strachan, Benjamin, 237
Stuart, Sir Thomas Peter Anderson, 94
student associations, 88–91
Student Representative Council (SRC), Edinburgh, 88
students see medical students
surgery, 96–118
antisepsis, 102, 107
China, 322–323
experimentation, 227–230
India, 305–310
outside hospitals, 222–227
Australia, 267–268
decision to operate, 227–231
types of, 223–227
surgical assistance, 230–231
see also Listerism
surgical examination, 114–115
survival, 45
physical, 45–46
professional, 46–58
student drop-outs, 46–51
Sutherland, John Francis, 94, 149–150
Sydney, New South Wales, 253
medical school,
Syme, James, 97
Symons, Mark Johnston, 261–262
Tait, Robert Lawson, 168
Taylor, Birdwood van Someren, 320
teachers, 76–83
University of Edinburgh, 384
University of Glasgow, 386
see also academics
Thom, Alexander, 230
Thomas, Sir Abraham Garrod, 185, 198–199, 338, 343, 364
estate value, 356, 357
Thomson, Allen, 62, 63–64, 77
Thomson, William (Lord Kelvin), 61–62
Thomson, Wyville, 77–78
Thorne, Isabel Jane, 39, 42, 154, 166, 314
motives for studying medicine, 160
Tindall, David, 121
Tobago, 289, 290
Tokica, Ohno, 26
Traill, Mark Windeyer, 257
Trinidad, 291
Turkey, 1877–8 war, 146–148
Turnbull, Adam Robert, 214–215
Turner, Sir William, 65–66, 77, 81–82, 86–87, 90
patronage, 187
Turner, William Young, 125, 325–326
University of Edinburgh, 60–61
failure rates, 51–52
medical course curriculum, 65–76, 381
order of study, 382
medical course fees, 13, 49
medical examinations, 71–72
medical school status, 22–24
new medical students, 10–44
age range, xi, 12–15, 21
Arts background, 16–18
birthplaces, xi, 22–26
female students, 38–44
number of, 12
previous medical studies, xi, 19–20, 21, 22
social backgrounds, 30–36
preliminary examination, 17–18
teachers, 76–77, 384
see also medical students
University of Glasgow, 61–64
failure rates, 51
medical course curriculum, 65–67, 70–76, 381
medical course fees, 13, 49
medical examinations, 70–71
surgical examination, 114–115
new medical students, 10–44
age range, xi, 12–15, 21
Arts background, 16–18
birthplaces, xi, 21–22, 23, 34
number of, 12
previous medical studies, 20
social backgrounds, xi, 27, 28, 33–36
preliminary examination, 17–18
teachers, 83, 416. See also medical students, 77, 386
University Rifle Corps, Edinburgh, 90–91
Van Der Poel, Stephanus, 281, 336
Vinson, Elizabeth, 41
Volunteer movement, 90, 91, 331
Waddell, Lawrence Augustine (Laurence Austine), 302, 315–316
Walker, Elizabeth, 41
Wallace, Abraham, 185–186, 195, 364
Walsh, David Henry, 193
wars see Afghan Campaign (1878); Boer war (1899–1902); Russo–Turkish wars (1877–8); World War I
water treatments, 206–207
hydropathy, 206
spa treatments, 206
Waterhouse, Charles Henry, 172–173
Watkins, Arnold Hirst, 281, 284
Watson, Dr John, 91
Watson, Sir Patrick Heron, 111
Watson, Reverend John, 31
Watt, Sir George, 302, 304, 312–314, 353
Way, Edward Willis, 260, 261–262, 266–267
Weisz, George, 189
welfare reform, 337–339
West Indies settlers, 288–292
Western Infirmary, Glasgow, 127–128
White, Robert Prosser, 193
Wien Smith, Otto, 262–264, 265, 343
Wilson, Robert, 159
women see medical women
Wood, Russell, 246
Woodhead, German Sims, 204, 240
Worboys, Michael, 99, 117, 237
World War I, 342–351
Wortabet, Henry George Luther, 309
wound dressing (see dressings), 104–105, 106, 107
Wright, Sir Almroth, 347–348
x-rays, 212, see also, Davidson, Sir James Mackenzie, 196
Yellowlees, David, 213
Young, Alfred Harry, 173, 187