Since its publication in 2006 European Union Law quickly established itself as one of the leading textbooks on the market. When it was first published, it offered a lucid account of the law of the European Union still reeling from the ‘failure’ of the Constitutional Treaty. With the ever changing European landscape a detailed postscript to the first edition is very timely. This supplement provides updating material to the main text, arranged to follow the current chapter structure. Its unique narrative approach which mirrors the main text’s design and organisation allows students to link updating material with ease. Examining the road to the Lisbon Treaty and the recasting of the borders of the European Union, it offers the most current survey of the law of the Union.
PROFESSOR DAMIAN CHALMERS is Professor of European Law at the London School of Economics and Political Sciences.
GIORGIO MONTI is senior lecturer in law at the London School of Economics and Political Sciences.
DAMIAN CHALMERS
GIORGIO MONTI
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
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Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
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Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521070133
Damian Chalmers and Giorgio Monti © 2008
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,
no reproduction of any part may take place without
the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2008
Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data
European Union law : text and materials / Damian Chalmers…[et al.].
p. cm.
ISBN-13: 978-0-521-82041-7 (hardback)
ISBN-10: 0-521-82041-3 (hardback)
ISBN-13: 978-0-521-52741-5 (pbk.)
ISBN-10: 0-521-52741-4 (pbk.)
1. Law – European Union countries. 2. European Union. I. Chalmers, Damian. II. Title.
KJE947.E878 2006
341.242′2 – dc22 2006002818
ISBN-13 978-0-521-07013-3 paperback
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or
accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to
in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such
websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
| Map of the European Union | ||
| Preface | page vii | |
| Table of Cases | ix | |
| Table of Treaties, Instruments and Legislation | xix | |
| 1 and 2 | European integration and moving beyond the Constitutional Treaty | 1 |
| 3 | The EU Institutions | 19 |
| 4 | European Union law making | 30 |
| 5 | Sovereignty and federalism: the authority of EU law and its limits | 49 |
| 6 | Fundamental rights | 62 |
| 7 | Judicial relations in the European Union | 75 |
| 8 and 10 | Accountability and Review of the EU Institutions | 82 |
| 9 | The enforcement of European law | 91 |
| 11 and 15 | Free movement of goods, the single market and the economic constitution | 100 |
| 12 | Free movement of capital and Economic and Monetary Union | 112 |
| 13 and 14 | Union citizenship and non-union nationals | 120 |
| 16 and 17 | The freedom to pursue an occupational activity and freedom to provide services | 131 |
| 20 | Discrimination law | 144 |
| 21 | EC competition law: function and enforcement | 153 |
| 22 | Restrictive practices | 163 |
| 23 | Abuse of a dominant position | 171 |
| 24 | Merger policy | 180 |
| 25 | State regulation and EC competition law | 188 |
| Index | 195 |
The European Union (2008)
European Union law has moved on fast since the publication of the main text. The most prominent development is the Lisbon Treaty signed on 12 December 2007. The rejection of the Treaty by the Irish referendum on 12 June 2008 throws considerable question marks over its ratification. All the other Member States, bar the Czech Republic who is awaiting a judgment on the Treaty’s constitutionality by its constitutional court, are proceeding with ratification, and the Irish have been asked to present a way forward when the Heads of Government meet in October 2008. It seems inconceivable that the Treaty will enter into force on 1 January 2009. There is still considerable political momentum behind it, however. Whatever the Treaty’s fate, it is likely to remain legally significant both as a critique of the current arrangements and as a possible source of amendments to these arrangements, which may be provided by it or other means.
Lisbon is, however, only part of the story. There have been important legislative developments, most notably Directive 2006/123/EC on services in the internal market, which revolutionise other chapters of the book. The Union judiciary has been particularly active. It gave 692 judgments in 2007 – a record – and inevitably this has had implications for the development of its jurisprudence. We therefore found significant changes to most areas of the textbook, and the only chapters not addressed in these updates are chapters 18 and 19 on Financial restrictions and Trade restrictions and public goods.
None of us liked updates which could only be read whilst constantly cross-referring to the main text. We thought it important that each chapter in this update have a narrative suggesting a purpose to and explanation of what took place and allowing recent developments to be placed against the broader legal context. Therefore each chapter can be read without constantly cross-referring to the main text.
We have used the new consolidated numbering of the treaties proposed by the Lisbon Treaty where a new provision has been introduced by that Treaty. For pre-existing provisions we have used current numbering but have provided a reference to their new identification, should Lisbon enter into force. We have used the acronyms LTEU and LTFEU to refer to the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union following Lisbon. Whilst TEU and TFEU will undoubtedly be used if the Lisbon Treaty comes into force, we have decided on the ‘L’ as a prefix in this interim period to avoid confusion with the existing Treaty on European Union.
The Treaty of Lisbon is published in the Official Journal ([2007] OJ C 306/1) and Consolidated versions are available on line at http://europa.eu/lisbon_treaty/ full_text/index_en.htm
Finally, as ever, we would like to thank Sinéad Moloney and Nadine El-Enany. It has been a pleasure to work with them, and these updates would not have happened without either of them.
DC
GM
4 May 2008
6/64 Costa v ENEL [1964] ECR 585 50
5/71 Aktien-Zuckerfabrik Schöppenstedt v Council [1971] ECR 975 87
6/72 Europemballage Corporation and Continental Can Co Inc. v Commission (Continental Can) [1973] ECR 215 155
33/74 Van Binsbergen v Bestuur van der Bedrijsvereniging voor de Metaalnijverheid [1974] ECR 1299 97
120/78 Rewe-Zentral v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein (Cassis de Dijon) [1979] ECR 649 127–8
283/81 CILFIT v Ministry of Health [1982] ECR 341 80
314/85 Firma Fotofrost v Hauptzollamt Lübeck-Ost [1987] ECR 4199 76–7, 80, 81
2/88 Zwartveld [1990] ECR I-3365 53
C-260/89 Elliniki Radiophonia Tiléorassi AE (ERT) v Dimotiki (DEP) (ERT) [1991] ECR I-2925 73
C-6 & 9/90 Francovich and Bonifaci v Italy [1991] ECR I-5537 98
C-76/90 Säger v Dennemeyer [1991] ECR I-4221 142
C-241 P & 242 P/91 RTE and ITP v Commission (Magill)[1995] ECR I-743 177
C-267 & C-268/91 Keck & Mithouard [1993] ECR I-6097 110–11
C-391/92 Commission v Greece (Greek Milk) [1995] ECR I-1621 107
C-387/93 Banchero [1995] ECR I-4663 107
C-194/94 CIA Security International v Signalson & Securitel [1996] ECR I-2201 94
C-224/98 D’Hoop [2002] ECR I-6191 126
C-344/98 Masterfoods v HB Ice Cream [2000] ECR I-11369 53
C-352/98 P Laboratoires Pharmaceutiques Bergaderm v Commission [2000] ECR I-5291 87
C-376/98 Germany v Parliament & Council (Tobacco Advertising) [2000] ECR I-8419 100–1
C-377/98 Netherlands v European Parliament and Council (Biotechnology Directive) [2001] ECR I-7079 100–1, 103
C-443/98 Unilever Italia SpA v Central Food SpA [2000] ECR I-7535 94
C-309/99 Wouters v Algemene Raad van de Nederlandse Orde van Advocaten [2002] ECR I-1577 166–7
C-453/99 Courage v Crehan (Courage) [2001] ECR I-6314 157–8
T-13/99 Pfizer Animal Health v Council [2002] ECR Ⅱ-3305 64, 85
T-219/99 British Airways v Commission [2003] ECR Ⅱ-5917 172
C-122/99 P and C-125/99 D v Council [2001] ECR I-4319 151
C-224/01 Köbler v Austria [2003] ECR I-10239 78–81
C-256/01 Allonby v Accrington and Rossendale College [2004] ECR I-873 145
C-338/01 Commission v Council (recovery of Indirect Taxes) [2004] ECR I—4829 117
T-186/01 GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission, judgment of 27 September 2006 163–5
T-310/01 Schneider Electric SA v Commission [2002] ECR Ⅱ-4071 87–8, 180
C-36/02 Omega Spielhallen- und Automatenaufstellungs v Oberbürgermeisterin der Bundesstadt Bonn [2004] ECR I-9609 73
C-224/02 Pusa [2004] ECR I-5763 126
C-304/02 Commission v France (non-compliance with Judgment) [2005] ECR I-6263 93
T–76/02 Messina v Commission [2003] ECR Ⅱ-3203 83
T-168/02 IFAW Internationaler Tierschutz-Fonds v Commission [2004] ECR Ⅱ-4135 83
T-237/02 Technische Glaswerke Ilmenau v Commission [2006] ECR Ⅱ-5131 84
T-313/02 Meca-Medina and Majcen v Commission [2004] ECR Ⅱ-3291 165
C-53/03 Syfait and Others v GlaxoSmithKline AEVE [2005] ECR I-4609, Opinion of AG Jacobs of 28 October 2004 168
C-151/02 Landeshauptstadt Kiel v Jaeger [2003] ECR I-8389 70
C-152/03 Ritter-Coulais [2006] ECR I-1711 135
C-160/03 Spain v Eurojust [2004] ECR I-2077 85
C-173/03 Traghetti del Mediterraneo v Italy [2006] ECR I-5177 78–80
C-176/03 Commission v Council (Environmental Crimes), judgment of 13 September 2005 30–1
C-210/03 R v Secretary of State for Health ex parte Swedish Match [2004] ECR I—11893 101
C-380/03 Germany v Parliament and Council (Tobacco Advertising Ⅱ) 100–3
C-461/03 Schul v Minister van Lanbouw, Natur en Voedselkwaliteit [2005] ECR I-10513 80–1
C-513/03 van Hilten-van der Heijden v Inspecteur van de Belastingdienst [2006] ECR I-195 113–15
C-540/03 Parliament v Council (family reunification) [2006] ECR I-5769 65–6, 68
T 340/03 France Télécom SA v Commission [2007] ECR Ⅱ-107 174–6
T-47/03 Sison v Council, judgment of 11 July 2007 87 n. 14
T-212/03 MyTravel Commission [2003] OJ C200/28 182 n. 8
T-351-03 Schneider v Commission, judgment of 11 July 2007 88–90, 180–2
T-366/03 & T-235/04 Land Oberösterreich & Austria v Commission [2005] ECR Ⅱ-4005 106
T-391 & T-70/04 Franchet et al v Commission [2006] ECR Ⅱ-2023 84
C-27/04 Commission v Council (Stability and Growth Pact) [2004] ECR I-6649 86
C-66/04 United Kingdom v Council & Parliament (Smoked Flavourings) [2005] ECR I-10533 104–5
C-94/04 & C-202/04 Federico Cipolla and Others v Rosaria Fazari, née Portolese and Roberto Melon, judgment of 6 December 2006 [2006] OJ C 331/03 190–2
C-95/04 P British Airways plc. v Commission [2007] ECR I-2331 172–4
Opinion of AG Kokott 173–4
C-144/04 Mangold v Rüdiger Helm [2005] ECR I-9981 99 n. 14, 147–8
C-158/04 & C-159/04 (Alfa Vita Vassilopoulos v Elliniki Dimosio) [2006] ECR I-8135 107–11
Opinion of AG Poiares Maduro of 30 March 2006 107–11
C-265/04 Bouanich v Skatterverket [2006] ECR I-923 113
C-295/04 to C-298/04 Manfredi et al. v. Lloyd Adriatico Assicurazioni SpA et al. [2006] ECR I6619 158
C-317/04 & C-318/04 Parliament v Commission (European Network and Information Security Agency) [2006] ECR I-3771 105
C-344/04 R ex parte IATA v Department for Transport [2006] ECR I-403 80–1, 86
C-354/04P Gestoras Pro Amnistia et al. v Council, judgment of 27 February 2007 71 n. 18
C-355/04P (Segi v Council), judgment of 27 February 2007 (Case C-355/04P) 71–3
C-386/04 Centro di Musicologia Walter Stauffer v Finanzamt München für Körperschaften [2006] ECR I-8203 113
C-406/04 De Cuyper [2006] ECR I-6947 126–8
C-446/04 Test Claimants in the FII Group Litigation v IRC [2006] ECR I-11753 113
C-451/05 & C-283/04 Commission v Netherlands [2006] ECR I-9141 113
C-452/04 Fidium Finanz v Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistnugsaufsicht [2006] ECR I-9521 113
C-519/04 P Meca-Medina and Majcen v Commission [2006] ECR I-6991 165–7
T-201/04 R Microsoft v Commission, Judgment of 17 September 2007 171, 176–9
T-464/04 Impala v Commission [2006] ECR Ⅱ-2289 180
C-13/05 Sonia Chacón Navas v Eurest Colectividades SA [2006] ECR I-6467 149, 152
C-64/05P Sweden v Commission, judgment of 18 December 2007 83–4
C-77/05 & C-137/05 United Kingdom v Council, judgment of 18 December 2007 37–9, 121
C-101/05 A v Skattreverket, judgment of 18 December 2007 115
C-112/05 Commission v Germany, judgment of 23 October 2007 115
C-135/05 United Kingdom v Council, judgment of 18 December 2007 121
C-137/05 United Kingdom v Council, judgment of 18 December 2007 37–9
C-152/05 Commission v Germany, judgment of 17 January 2008 133
C-176/03 Commission v Council [2005] ECR I-7879 30
C-192/05 Tas-Hagen and Tas v Raadskamer WUBO van de Pensioen- en Uitkeringsraad [2006] ECR I-10451 128
C-238/05 Asnef-Equifax v Ausbanc, judgment [2006] ECR I-11125 168
C-303/05 Advocaten voor de Wereld v Leden van de Ministerraad, judgment of 3 May 2007 73
C-341/05 Laval v Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet, judgment of 18 December 2007 136–9
C-411/05 Felix Pacios de la Villa v Cortefiel Servicios Srl, judgment of 17 October 2007 147–8
C-432/05 Unibet v Justitiekanslern [2007] ECR I-2271 66, 95–9
C-438/05 International Transport Workers’ Federation et al. v Viking Line, judgment of 11 December 2007 138 n. 19
C-439/05P & C-454/05P Land Oberösterreich & Austria v Commission, judgment of 13 Septmber 2007 106
C-440/05 Commission v Council (Ship-source pollution), judgment of 23 October 2007 31–2
C-465/05 Commission v Italy, judgment of 13 December 2007 139 n. 21
T-101/05 and T-111/05 BASF AG and UCB SA v Commission, judgment of 12 December 2007 169–70
C-11/06 & C-12/06 Morgan v Bezirksregierung Köln, judgment of 23 October 2007 129–30
C-37/06 & C-58/06 Viamex Agra Handels Gmbh v Hauptzollamt Hamburg-Jonas, judgment of 27 January 2008 98 n. 13
C-70/06 Commission v Portugal, judgment of 10 January 2008 93 n. 3
C-104/06 Commission v Sweden [2007] ECR I-671 133
C-267/06 Tadao Maruko v Versorgungsanstalt der deutschen Bühnen, judgment of 1 April 2007 151
C-303/06 S. Coleman v Attridge Law and Steve Law, Opinion of AG Poiares Maduro of 31 January 2008 150–1
C-345/05 Commission v Portugal [2006] ECR I-10633 132–3
C-468/06 to C-478/06 Sot. Lelos kai Sia E.E and others, Opinion of AG Colomer of 1 April 2008 168
C-33/07 Jipa, Opinion of AG Mazák of 14 February 2008 127
C-54/07 Centrum voor Gelijkheid van Kansen en voor Racismebestrijding v Firma Feryn NV, Opinion of AG Poiares Maduro of 12 March 2008 151–2
C-196/07 Commission v Spain, judgment of 6 March 2008 182
Opinion 1/94 Re World Trade Agreement [1994] ECR I-5267 52
Opinion 2/94 Accession to the ECHR [1996] ECR 1759 58
Opinion 2/94 Re Accession to the ECHR [1996] ECR I-1759 58
A v Skatterverket, judgment of 18 December 2007 (Case C-101/05) 115
Advocaten voor de Wereld v Leden van de Ministerraad, judgment of 3 May 2007 (Case C-303/05) 73
Aktien-Zuckerfabrik Schöppenstedt v Council [1971] ECR 975 (Case 5/71) 87
Alfa Vita Vassilopoulos v Elliniki Dimosio [2006] ECR I-8135 (Cases C-158/04 & C-159/04) [2006] 107–11
Allonby v Accrington and Rossendale College [2004] ECR I-873 (Case C-256/01) 145
Asnef-Equifax v Ausbanc, judgment [2006] ECR I-11125 (Case C-238/05) 168
Banchero [1995] ECR I-4663 (Case C-387/93) 107
BASF AG and UCB SA v Commission, judgment of 12 December 2007 (Cases T-101/05 & T-111/05) 169–70
Biotechnology Directive [2001] ECR I-7079 (Case C-377/98) 100–1, 103
Bouanich v Skatterverket [2006] ECR I-923 (Case C-265/04) 113
British Airways plc. v Commission [2003] ECR Ⅱ-5917 (Case T-219/99) 172
British Airways plc. v Commission [2007] ECR I-2331 (Case C-95/04) 172–4
Cassis de Dijon (Rewe-Zentral v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein) [1979] ECR 649 (Case 120/78) 127–8
Centro di Musicologia Walter Stauffer v Finanzamt München für Körperschaften [2006] ECR I-8203 (Case C-386/04) 113
Centrum voor Gelijkheid van Kansen en voor Racismebestrijding v Firma Feryn NV, Opinion of AG Poiares Maduro of 12 March 2008 (Case C-54/07) 151–2
CIA Security International v Signalson & Securitel [1996] ECR I-2201 (Case 194/94) 94
CILFIT v Ministry of Health [1982] ECR 341 (Case 283/81) 80
Cipolla (Federico Cipolla and Others v Rosaria Fazari, née Portolese and Roberto Melon), judgment of 6 December 2006 [2006] OJ C 331/03 (Case C-94/04 & C-202/04) 190–2
Commission v Council (recovery of indirect taxes) [2004] ECR I-4829 (Case C-338/01) 117
Commission v Council (Ship-Source Pollution) (Case C-440/05) 31–2
Commission v Council (Stability and Growth Pact) [2004] ECR I-6649 (Case C-27/04) 86
Commission v France (non-compliance with Judgment) [2005] ECR I-6263 (Case C-304/02) 93
Commission v Germany, judgment of 17 January 2008 (Case C-152/05) 133
Commission v Germany, judgment of 23 October 2007 (Case C-112/05) 115
Commission v Italy, judgment of 13 December 2007 (Case C-465/05) 139 n. 21
Commission v Netherlands (direct and portfolio investments) [2006] ECR I-9141 (Cases C-282/04 & C-283/04) 113
Commission v Portugal [2006] ECR I-10633 (Case C-345/05) 132–3
Commission v Portugal, judgment of 10 January 2008 (Case C-70/06) 93 n. 3
Commission v Spain, judgment of 6 March 2008 (Case C-196–7) 182
Commission v Sweden [2007] ECR I-671 (Case C-104/06) 133
Continental Can (Europemballage Corp and Continental Can Co Inc. v Commission) [1972] ECR 215 (Case 6/72) 155
Costa v ENEL [1964] ECR 585 (Case 6/64) 50
Courage v Crehan [2001] ECR I-6314 (Case C-453/99) 157–8
D v Council [2001] ECR I-4319 (C-122/99P and C-125/99) 151
De Cuyper [2006] ECR I-6947 (Case C-406/04) 126–8
D’Hoop [2002] ECR I-6191 (Case C-224/98) 126
Elisa v Directeur général des impôts, judgment of 11 October 2007 (Case C-451/05) 113
Environmental Crimes (Commission v Council), judgment of 13 September 2005 (Case C-176/03) 30–1
ERT (Elliniki Radiophonia Tiléorassi AE (ERT) v Dimotiki (DEP)) [1991] ECR I-2925 (Case C-260/89) 73
European Network and Information Security Agency (Parliament v Commission) [2006] ECR I-3771 (Cases C-317/04 & C-318/04) 105
Europemballage Corp and Continental Can Co Inc. v Commission (Continental Can) [1972] ECR 215 (Case 6/72) 155
Family Reunification (Parliament v Council) [2006] ECR I-5769 (Case C-540/03) 65–6, 68
Felix Pacios de la Villa v Cortefiel Servicios Srl, judgment of 17 October 2007 (Case C-411/05) 147–8
Fidium Finanz v Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistnugsaufsicht [2006] ECR I-9521 (Case C-452/04) 113
Fotofrost (Firma Fotofrost v Hauptzollamt Lübeck-Ost) [1987] ECR 4199 (Case 314/85) 76–7, 80, 81
France Télécom SA v Commission [2007] ECR Ⅱ-107 (Case 340/03) 174–6
Franchet et al v Commission [2006] ECR Ⅱ-2023 (Cases T-391/03 & T-70/04) 84
Francovich and Bonifaci v Italy [1991] ECR I-5537 (Cases C-6 & 9/90) 98
Germany v Parliament & Council (Tobacco Advertising I) 100–1
Gestoras Pro Amnistia et al. v Council, judgment of 27 February 2007 (Case C-354/04P) 71 n. 18
GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission, judgment of 27 September 2006 (Case T-186/01) 163–5
Greek Milk (Commission v Greece) [1995] ECR I-1621 (Case C-391/92) 107
IATA v Department for Transport [2006] ECR I-403 (Case C-344/04) 80–1, 86
IFAW Internationaler Tierschutz-Fonds v Commission [2004] ECR Ⅱ-4135 (Case T-168/02) 83
Impala v Commission [2006] ECR Ⅱ-2289 (Case T-464/04) 180
International Transport Workers’ Federation et al. v Viking Line, judgment of 11 December 2007 (Case C-438/05) 138 n. 19
Keck & Mithouard, [1993] ECR I-6097 (Cases C-267/91 & C-268/9) 110–11
Köbler v Austria [2003] ECR I-10239 (Case C-224/01) 78–81
Laboratoires Pharmaceutiques Bergaderm v Commission [2000] ECR I-5291 (Case C-352/98 P) 87
Land Oberösterreich & Austria v Commission [2005] ECR Ⅱ-4005 (Cases T-366/03 & T-235/04) 106
Land Oberösterreich & Austria v Commission, judgment of 13 September 2007 (Cases C-439/05P & C-454/05P) 106
Landeshauptstadt Kiel v Jaeger [2003] ECR I-8389 (case C-151/02) 70
Laval v Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet, judgment of 18 December 2007 (Case C-341/05) 136–9
Magill (RTE and ITP v Commission) [1995] ECR I-743 (Cases C-241 P & 242 P/91) 177
Manfredi et al., v. Lloyd Adriatico Assicurazioni SpA et al. [2006] ECR I6619 (Cases C-295/04 - C-298/04) 158
Mangold v Rüdiger Helm (Case C-144/04) [2005] ECR I-9981 99 n. 14, 147–8
Masterfoods v HB Ice Cream [2000] ECR I-11369 (Case C-344/98) 53
Meca-Medina and Majcen v Commission [2004] ECR Ⅱ-3291 (Case T-313/02) 165
Meca-Medina and Majcen v Commission [2006] ECR I-6991 (Case C-519/04) 165–7
Messina v Commission [2003] ECR Ⅱ-3203 (Case T-76/02) 83
Microsoft v Commission, Judgment of 17 September 2007 (Case T-201/04) 171, 176–9
Morgan v Bezirksregierung Köln, judgment of 23 October 2007 (Cases C-11/06 & C-12/06) 129–30
MyTravel Commission [2003] OJ C200/28 (Case T-212/03) 182 n. 8
Netherlands v European Parliament and Council (Biotechnology Directive) [2001] ECR I-7079 (Case C-377/98) 100–1, 103
Omega Spielhallen- und Automatenaufstellungs v Oberbürgermeisterin der Bundesstadt Bonn [2004] ECR I-9609 (Case C-36/02) 73
Opinion 1/91 Re European Economic Area [1991] ECR I-6079 52
Opinion 2/94 Accession to the ECHR [1996] ECR 1759 58
Parliament v Commission (European Network and Information Security Agency) [2006] ECR I-3771 (Cases C-317/04 & C-318/04) 105
Parliament v Council (family reunification) [2006] ECR I-5769 (Case C-540/03) 65–6, 68
Pfizer Animal Health v Council [2002] ECR Ⅱ-3305 (Case T-13/99) 64, 85
Promusciae v Telefónica de España (Case C-275/06) 66–8
Pusa [2004] ECR I-5763 (Case C-224/02) 126
Rewe-Zentral v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein (Cassis de Dijon) [1979] ECR 649 (Case 120/78) 127–8
Ritter-Coulais, [2006] ECR I-1711 (Case C-152/03) 135
S. Coleman v Attridge Law and Steve Law, Opinion of AG Poiares Maduro of 31 January 2008 (Case C-303/06) 150–1
Säger v Dennemeyer [1991] ECR I-4221 (Case C-76/90) 142
Schneider v Commission, judgment of 11 July 2007 (Case T-351/03) 88–90, 180–2
Schneider Electric SA v Commission [2002] ECR Ⅱ-4071 (Case T-310/01) 87–8, 180
Schul v Minister van Lanbouw, Natur en Voedselkwaliteit [2005] ECR I-10513 (Case C-461/03) 80–1
Segi v Council, judgment of 27 February 2007 (Case C-355/04P) 71–3
Ship-Source Pollution (Commission v Council), judgment of 23 October 2007 (Case C-440/05) 31–2
Sison v Council, judgment of 11 July 2007 (Case T-47/03) 87 n. 14
Smoked Flavourings (United Kingdom v Council & Parliament) [2005] ECR I-10533 (Case C-66/04) 104–5
Sonia Chacón Navas v Eurest Colectividades SA [2006] ECR I-6467 (Case C-13/05) 149, 152
Sot. Lelos kai Sia E.E and others (Cases C-468/06–478/06) 168
Spain v Eurojust [2004] ECR I-2077 (Case C-160/03) 85
Stability and Growth Pact (Commission v Council) [2004] ECR I-6649 (Case C-27/04) 86
Sweden v Commission, judgment of 18 December 2007 (Case C-64/05P) 83–4
Swedish Match (R v Secretary of State for Health ex parte Swedish Match) [2004] ECR I—11893 (Case C-210/03) 101
Syfait and Others v GlaxoSmithKline AEVE [2005] ECR I-4609 (Case C-53/03) 168
Tadao Maruko v Versorgungsanstalt der deutschen Bühnen, judgment of 1 April 2007 (Case C-267/06) 151
Tas-Hagen and Tas v Raadskamer WUBO van de Pensioen- en Uitkeringsraad [2006] ECR I-10451 (Case C-192/05) 128
Technische Glaswerke Ilmenau v Commission [2006] ECR Ⅱ-5131 (Case T-237/02) 84
Test Claimants in the FII Group Litigation v IRC [2006] ECR I-11753 (Case C-446/04) 113
Tobacco Advertising I (Germany v Parliament & Council) [2000] ECR I-8419 (Case C-376/98) 100–1
Tobacco Advertising Ⅱ (Germany v Parliament and Council) 100–3
Traghetti del Mediterraneo v Italy [2006] ECR I-5177 (Case C-173/03) 78–80
Unibet v Justitiekanslern [2007] ECR I-2271 (Case C-432/05) 66, 95–9
Unilever Italia SpA v Central Food SpA [2000] ECR I-7535 (Case C-443/98) 94
United Kingdom v Council (Schengen) (Case C-137/05) 37–9, 121
United Kingdom v Council (Schengen), judgment of 18 December 2007 (Cases C-77/05 & C-137/05) 37–9, 121
Van Binsbergen v Bestuur van der Bedrijsvereniging voor de Metaalnijverheid [1974] ECR 1299 (Case 33/74) 97
van Hilten-van der Heijden v Inspecteur van de Belastingdienst [2006] ECR I-195 (Case C-513/03) 113–15
Viamex Agra Handels Gmbh v Hauptzollamt Hamburg-Jonas, judgment of 27 January 2008 (Cases C-37/06 & C-58/06) 98 n. 13
Wouters v Algemene Raad van de Nederlandse Orde van Advocaten [2002] ECR I-1577 (Case C-309/99) 166–7
Zwartveld [1990] ECR I-3365 (Case 2/88) 53
Glaxo Wellcome [2001] OJ L302/1 163
Microsoft [2007] OJ L32/23 176–7
Virgin/British Airways [2000] OJ L30/1 172
Wanadoo Interactive, Decision of 16 July 2003 174
M.3916 T-Mobile Austria/Tele.ring decision of 26 April 2006 183–5
M.3942 Adidas/Reebok decision of 24 January 2006 185
M.4000 Inco/Falconbridge, Decision of 4 July 2006 187
M.4057 Korsnäs/Assidomän Cartonboard, decision of 12 May 2006 186–7
M.4141 Linde/BOC, decision of 6 June 2006 183
Cyprus, Cyprus v Konstantinou [2007] 3 CMLR 42 55
Czech Republic, Decision Pl US 50/04 Sugar Quota Regulation Ⅱ 55–6
Germany, Brunner, v The European Union Treaty [1994] 1 CMLR 57 42, 53–4
Hungary, Case 17/04 AB. Hat Constitutional Court of the Republic of Hungary 54
United Kingdom, Devenish Nutrition Ltd (and others) v Sanofi (and others) [2007] EWHC 2394 (Ch) 159
Acts of Accession
Bulgaria 16
Romania 16
Charter of Fundamental Rights 65–74
Art. 7 65–6
Art. 52(3) 70
CT (Constitutional Treaty)
Part I, Title I (definition and objectives of the Union)
Art. I-3 153–4
Part I, Title Ⅲ (Union competences)
Art. I-13 50–1
Part Ⅱ, Title Ⅶ (interpretation and application)
Art. Ⅱ-112(5) 70–1
DCT (Draft Constitutional Treaty)
Art. 23(1) 21
Declarations annexed to the Lisbon Treaty Final Act
4 on the composition of the European Parliament 28–9
9 on Article 16(9) LTEU concerning the European Council decision on the exercise of the Presidency 21
10 on Article 17(3) LTEU 25
17 concerning primacy 50–1
38 on Article 252 LTFEU 29
38 on Article 252 LTFEU regarding the number of Advocates General 29
41 on Article 352 LTFEU 57
42 on Article 352 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union 9, 57–8
52 on the symbols of the Union 5–6
Declaration by the Czech Republic on the Charter of Fundamental Rights of Article 1 TEU 73–4
EC Treaty (Consolidated)
Part One (principles)
Art. 3(1)(b) 153
Art. 3(1)(g) 153, 189
Art. 3(1)(q) 129–30
Art. 4(1) 153
Art. 8 189
Art. 10 189–92
Art. 13 149, 150, 152
Art. 13(1) 144
Art. 16 188–9
Part Three, Title I (free movement of goods)
Chapter 2 (quantitative restrictions)
Art. 28 106–11
Art. 30 106
Part Three, Title Ⅲ (free movement of persons, services and capital)
Art. 59 115–16
Chapter 1 (workers)
Art. 39 131–3, 165
Chapter 2 (right of establishment)
Art. 43 131–5, 140–5
Chapter 3 (services)
Art. 49 95–9, 132, 134–5, 165, 190
Chapter 4 (capital and payments)
Art. 56(1) 112–16
Art. 57(2) 115–16
Part Three, Title Ⅳ (visas, asylum, immigration and free movement of persons)
Art. 62(2)(a) 37, 121
Art. 65 161
Part Three, Title Ⅵ [Ⅴ] (competition, taxation and approximation of laws)
Chapter 1 (competition)
Art. 81 154, 155–70, 189
Art. 81(1) 164–7
Art. 81(3) 167–8
Art. 82 154, 161, 171–9
Art. 83 154, 161
Chapter 3 (approximation of laws)
Art. 95 100–6
Art. 95(4) 106
Part Three, Title Ⅺ (social policy, education, vocational training and youth) [Ⅷ]
Chapter 3 (education, vocational training and youth)
Art. 149(1) 129–30
Art. 149(2) 129–30
Part Five, Title I (Institutions)
Chapter 1 (Institutions)
Art. 202 39
Art. 213(2) 24–5
Art. 226 91–4
Art. 228 91–4
Part Six (general and final provisions)
Art. 288 180
Art. 288(2) 87–90
Art. 308 8, 154
ECHR
Art. 8 65
Art. 15(1) 63
LTEU (Lisbon Treaty on European Union)
Preamble 12
Title I: Common provisions
Art. 1 32
Art. 2 12
Art. 3 144
Art. 3(3) 154–5
Art. 4 19–20
Art. 4(1) 13
Art. 4(2) 6, 9
Art. 4(3) 13, 189–90
Art. 6 5
Art. 6(1) 12–13, 68–74
Art. 6(2) 63
Title Ⅱ: Provisions on democratic principles 6, 14–15
Art. 9 14, 125
Art. 10 14, 42
Art. 10(2) 126
Art. 10(3) 125
Art. 11 45–8
Art. 11(1) 126
Art. 11(4) 11, 47–8
Art. 12 6, 42–5
Art. 12(f) 45
Title Ⅲ: Provisions on the Institutions
Art. 13 20, 116–19
Art. 14(2) 28
Art. 15(1) 20
Art. 15(2) 20, 25
Art. 15(5) 11, 20
Art. 15(6) 20, 26
Art. 16(4) 27–8
Art. 16(5) 28
Art. 16(6) 21, 26
Art. 16(8) 26
Art. 16(9) 21–2
Art. 17(4) 20, 25
Art. 17(5) 25
Art. 17(6)(c) 24, 25
Art. 17(7) 24
Art. 17(8) 26
Art. 18(1) 25
Art. 18(3) 25
Art. 18(4) 25
Art. 19(1) 22, 98
Art. 19(3)(b) 76–81
Title Ⅳ: Enhanced cooperation, Art. 20 36–9, 124–6
Title Ⅴ, Chapter 1: General provisions on the Union’s external actions
Art. 67(2) 120–1
Title V, Chapter 2: Provisions on the common security and defence policy
Art. 24(1) 23
Title Ⅵ: Final provisions
Art. 47 6
Art. 48 6
Art. 48(3) 45
Declarations see Declarations annexed to the Lisbon Treaty Final Act
Protocols see Protocols annexed to the Lisbon Treaty
LTFEU (Lisbon Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union)
Part, Principles
Art. 1(2) 8, 32
Part One, Title I: Categories and areas of Union competence
Art. 2 51–2
Art. 3 51
Art. 3(1)(b) 190
Art#. 3–5 6–8
Art. 4(1) 52
Art. 4(2) 52
Art. 4(3) 52, 53
Art. 4(4) 52<
Part One, Title Ⅱ: Provisions having general application
Art. 8 144–5
Art. 10 144–5
Art. 14 188
Part Two: Non-discrimination and citizenship of the Union
Art. 19 35
Art. 19(1) 144
Art. 21(3) 124
Art# 21–4 124
Art. 24 47
Art. 24(3) 124
Art. 79 123–4
Art. 79(5) 123
Part Three, Title V: Freedom, security and justice, Chapter 2: Border checks, asylum and immigrations
Art. 77 121–2
Art. 77(4) 121
Art. 78(1) 122–3
Part Three, Title Ⅶ: Common rules on competition, taxation and approximation of laws, Chapter 3: Approximation of laws
Art. 101. 154
Art. 102. 154
Part Three, Title X: Social policy
Art. 157 144
Part Three, Title ⅩⅣ: Public health, Art. 168 52
Part Three, Title ⅩⅩ: Environment
Art. 191(1) 9
Art. 251 29
Part Six, Title I, Chapter 1: the institutions, Section 2: European Council
Art. 236(a) 26
Part Six, Title I, Chapter 1: the institutions, Section 5: European Court of Justice 22–3
Art. 255 29
Art. 260(2) 91
Art. 260(3) 91–3
Art. 263 84–7
Art. 263(1) 23
Art. 263(3) 86–7
Art. 263(4) 23, 86–7
Art. 267 76–81
Art. 269 23
Art. 275 23
Part Six, Title I, Chapter 1: the institutions, Section 6: European Central Bank
Art. 282 116–19
Part Six, Title I, Chapter 2, Section 1: legal acts of the Union
Art. 289 144
Art. 290 41–2
Part Six, Title Ⅱ: Financial Provisions, Union’s annual budget
Art. 314 22
Part Seven, General and final provisions
Art. 340(2) 87–90
Art. 352 8, 10, 35–6, 57–8, 154
Art. 352(2) 57–8
Art. 352(3) 57–8
Title V, Chapter 1: General provisions on the Union’s external actions 6
Declarations see Declarations annexed to the Lisbon Treaty Final Act
Protocols annexed to the EC Treaty
30: Application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality (Amsterdam)
Art. 9 59
Protocols annexed to the Lisbon Treaty
1 on the role of national parliaments in the EU 10
Art. 3 44
Art. 10 45
2 on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality
Art. 2 59
Art. 5 59
Art. 7(2) 60
Art. 7(3) 60–1
Art. 8 23, 59
7 on Article 16(4) LTEU and Article 205(2) TFEU 28
8 relating to Art. 62() of the FTEU on the accession of the Union to the ECHR 63
10 on transitional provisions 28
14 on the EuroGroup 119
19 on the Schengen acquis integrated into the framework of the EU 36–9
Art. 4 36–9
Art. 5 37–9
21 on the position of the UK and Ireland in respect of the area of freedom, security and justice 9
26 on services of general interest 10–11, 188–9
Art. 1 188–9
Art. 2 189
27 on the internal market and competition 134
30 on the application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights to Poland and the United Kingdom 9–10, 18
Art. 1(1) 69–70
Art. 1(2) 70–1
Prüm Convention 17
Schengen I (1985) 17
Schengen Ⅱ (1990) (Implementing Agreement) (SIA) 17
TEU (consolidated)
Title I (Common Provisions)
Art. 6 71–2
Art. 6(2) 65
Title Ⅵ (PJCCM)
Art. 34 72
Art. 34(2)(a) 72
Art. 35 71–2, 76
Art. 35(6) 72<
Title Ⅷ (Final Provisions)
Art. 47 30–2
Art. 48 71
Commission Communications
Adaptation of the provisions of Title Ⅳ EC Treaty relating to the jurisdiction of the Court of Justice with a view to ensuring more effective judicial protection COM (2006) 346 76
A citizens’ agemda–delivering results for Europe COM (2006) 211 final 43–4
Equality between women and men 2008 COM (2008) 10 146
General principles and minimum standards for consultation of interested parties by the Commission COM (2002) 704 46–7
Green Paper on damages actions for breach of the EC antitrust rules (2005) 159
Green Paper on ‘European transparency initiative – Follow-up’ COM (2007) 47
Impact Assessment COM (2002) 276 59
Monitoring report on the state of preparedness for EU membership of Bulgaria and Romania COM (2006) 549 16
The period of reflection and Plan D COM (2006) 212.2 2–3
Professional Services – Scope for more reform – Follow-up to the Report on Competition in Professional Services COM (2005) 405 final 190
Proposal for a Council Decision amending Decision 1999/468/EC laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission COM (2002) 719 39
Prospective study on the impact on universal service of the full accomplishment of the postal internal market in 2009 COM (2006) 596 193
Report on competition in professional services COM (2004) 83 final 190
Second progress report on the strategy for simplifying the regulatory environment COM (2008) 33 100
White Paper on damages actions for breach of the EC antitrust rules COM (2008) 165 159–62
Commission Decisions
Dec. 2003/653/EC relating to national provisions on banning the use of genetically modified organisms in the region of Upper Austria notified by the Republic of Austria pursuant to Article 95(5) of the EC Treaty 106
commission Notices/Guidelines
Guidelines on the application of Article 228, EC SEC (2005) 1658 93–4
Guidelines on the assessment of non-horizontal mergers under the Council Regulation on the control of concentrations between undertakings (available at http:// ec.europa.eu/comm/competition/mergers/legislation/notices_on_substance.html) 185
Guidelines on the method of setting fines [2006] OJ C210/2 156
Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities [2004] OJ C101/43 53
COSAC
Developments in European Union Procedures and Practices Relevant to Parliamentary Scrutiny (2007) 45
Council Common Positions
On the adoption of a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 97/67/EC with regard to the full accomplishment of the internal market of Community postal services 8 November 2007 (available at http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/07/st13/st13593-re06. en07.pdf) 194
On the application of specific measures to combat terrorism and repealing Common Positions 2006/380/CFSP and 2006/1011/CFSP (2001/931/CFSP) 71
Council Decisions/Council and Parliament Decisions
Dec. 99/468/EC laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission [1999] OJ L 184/23 39
Dec. 771/2006 establishing the European Year of Equal Opportunities for All (2007) – towards a just society [2006] OJ L14/1 146
Dec. 2006/512/EC amending Decision 1999/468/EC laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission[2006]OJ L100/11 39–42
Art. 5a(3)(b) 39–41
Dec. 1672/2006 establishing a Community Programme for Employment and Social Solidarity [2006] OJ L315/1 146
Dec. 2007/5/EC Euratom modifying the order in which the presidency of the Council will be held until 2020 22
Dec. 2007/341/EC on the conclusion of the Agreement between the European Community and the Russian Federation on readmission [2007] OJ L 129/38 123
Dec. 2008//203/EC implementing Regulation (EC) No 168/2007 as regards the adoption of a Multi-annual Framework for the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights for 2007–2012 [2008] OJ L 63/14
Art. 2 64 n. 10
Dec. 2008/79 EC, Euratom amending amending the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice [2008] OJ L 24/42 77
Dec. 2008/203/EC implementing Regulation (EC) 168/2007 as regards the adoption of a Multi-annual Framework for the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights for 2007–12 [2008] OJ L 63/14
Art. 2 64
Council Declarations
On the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the signature of the Treaty of Rome (2007) 3
Council Directives/Council and Parliament Directives
Dir. 83/189 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations [1983] OJ L 109/8 94
Dir. 86/361/EEC for the implementation of Article 67 of the Treaty [1988] OJ L 178/5
Art. 1 112–13
Annex 1 114
Dir. 2000/43/EC implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin [2000] OJ L 180/22 23, 146–7
Dir. 2000/78/EC establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation [2000] OJ 303/16 23, 99, 146–52
Art. 6(1) 147–8
Dir. 2001/55/EC on minimum standards for giving temporary protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced persons [2001] OJ L 212/12 122
Dir. 2002/58/EC concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications) 66–8
Dir. 2003/33/EC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the advertising and sponsorship of tobacco products 101–3
Dir. 2003/86/EC on the right of family reunification for third-country nationals legally established in a Member State 65–6
Dir. 2004/81/EC on the residence permit issued to third-country nationals who are victims of trafficking in human beings or who have been the subject of an action to facilitate illegal immigration who cooperate with the competent authorities [2004] OJ L 261/19 123
Dir. 2004/82/EC on the obligation of carriers to communicate passenger data [2004] OJ L 261/24 121
Dir. 2004/83/EC on minimum standards for the qualification and status of third country nationals or stateless persons as refugees or as persons who otherwise need international protection and the content of the protection granted [2004] OJ L 304/12 122
Dir. 2005/35/EC on ship-source pollution and on the introduction of penalties for infringements [2005] OJ L 255/11 30–2
Dir. 2006/54 principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in matters of employment and occupation (recast) [2006] OJ L 204/23 145
Dir. 2006/123/EC on services in the internal market [2006] OJ L 376/36 131–43
Art. 1(1) 131–2
Art. 1(2) and (3) 134
Art. 1(4) 135
Art. 1(5) 135
Art. 1(6) 135
Art. 1(7) 135
Art. 2(b)-(g) 134
Art. 2(2)(f) 135
Art. 2(2)(h) 135
Art. 2(2)(j) 135
Art. 2(3) 135
Art. 2(i) 135
Art. 2(k) 135
Art. 2(l) 135
Art. 3(1) 134
Art. 3(1)(b) 135
Art. 3(3) 134–5
Art. 9(1) 139–41
Art. 15(2) 140–1
Art. 16 141–2
Art. 16(1) 142
Art. 16(1)(a) 142
Art. 16(1)(c) 142
Art. 16(2) 142
Art. 17 134
Art. 17(9) 135
Art. 17(15) 135
Art. 18 142–3
Art. 19 142
Art. 20 142
Art. 35(2) 143
Art. 35(3) 143
Art. 35(4) 143
Art. 35(5) 143
Dir. 2008/6/EC amending Directive 97/67/EC with regard to the full accomplishment of the internal market of Community postal services [2008] OJ L52/3 192–4
Art. 2 192
Art. 3 192
Art. 7 193–4
Council Framework Decisions
Dec. 2002/584/JHA establishing the European Arrest Warrant 73
Dec. 2002/629/JHA on combating trafficking in human beings [2002] OJ L 203/1 123
Dec. 2005/667 on the disposal of waste 31–2
Council Legal Service Opinions
EU Council Doc 11197/07 of 22 June 2007 50
Council Regulations/Council and Parliament Regulations
Reg. 17/62 First Regulation implementing Articles [81 and 82] of the EC Treaty [1962] OJ L 13/204 168 n. 9
Reg. 1466/97/EC on the strengthening of the surveillance of budgetary positions [1997] OJ L 209/1 as amended 118
Reg. 1467/97/EC on speeding up and clarifying the implementation of the excessive deficit procedure [1997] OJ L 209/6 as amended 117
Reg. 1905/2006/EC establishing a financing instrument for development cooperation OJ [2006] L 378/41 122
Reg. 1049/2001 regarding public access to European Parliament, Council and Commission documents [2001] OJ L 145/43 82–4
Art. 4(1)-(3) 83–4
Art. 4(5) 83–4
Reg. 1/2003 implementing Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty [2003] OJ L 1/1 162
Reg. 139/2004 on the control of concentrations between undertakings [2004] OJ L 24/22 154, 182–5
Reg. 261/2004 providing for compensation and assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding and of cancellation or long delay to long-haul flights 81
Reg. 2007/2004 establishing a European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the Member States of the European Union [2004] OJ L 349 37–9, 121
Reg. 2252/2004/EC on standards for security features and biometrics in passports and travel documents issued by Member States [2004] OJ L 385/1 121
Reg. 1055/2005/EC amending Regulation 1466/97/EC on the strengthening of the surveillance of budgetary positions and the surveillance and coordination of economic policies [2005] OJ L 174/1 118
Reg. 1056/2005/EC on speeding up and clarifying the implementation of the excessive deficit procedure [2005] OJ L 174/5 117
Reg. 562/2006 establishing a Community Code on the rules governing the movement of persons across the borders (Schengen Borders Code) [2006] OJ L 105/1 121
Reg. 1922/2006 on establishing a European Institute for Gender Equality [2006] OJ L 43/9
Art. 2 145–6
Art. 3 145–6
Reg. 168/2007/EC establishing a European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights [2007] OJ L 53/1 63, 146
European Court of Justice
Information Note on references from national courts for a preliminary ruling 77–8
Miscellaneous
Final Report of the Dicsussion Circle of the Court of Justice CONV 734/03 29
Future of Europe Convention 29, 44, 92
Secretariat Explanations
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU CHARTE 4473/00 69, 73–4
Czech Republic
Constitution 55–6
Hungary
Constitution
Art. 2(1) 54
Portugal
Personal Income Tax Code 132–3
United Kingdom
House of Lords European Union Committee, The Treaty of Lisbon: An Impact Assessment (2008–10th Report, TSO) 43