| LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS | page xi | ||
| PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION | xv | ||
| 1 | Studying the History of Archaeology | 1 | |
| Approaches to the History of Archaeology | 5 | ||
| Social Context | 17 | ||
| Archaeological Interpretation | 26 | ||
| Challenge | 38 | ||
| 2 | Classical and Other Text-Based Archaeologies | 40 | |
| Interests in the Past | 40 | ||
| The Medieval View of History | 48 | ||
| Renaissance Antiquarianism | 52 | ||
| The Development of Classical Archaeology | 61 | ||
| Egyptology and Assyriology | 67 | ||
| Other First Archaeologies | 74 | ||
| Conclusions | 77 | ||
| 3 | Antiquarianism without Texts | 80 | |
| Antiquarianism in Northern Europe | 81 | ||
| Recognition of Stone Tools | 92 | ||
| The Enlightenment | 97 | ||
| Scientific Antiquarianism | 106 | ||
| Antiquarianism and Romanticism | 110 | ||
| The New World | 114 | ||
| The Impasse of Antiquarianism | 118 | ||
| 4 | The Beginnings of Prehistoric Archaeology | 121 | |
| Relative Dating | 121 | ||
| The Development and Spread of Scandinavian Archaeology | 129 | ||
| The Antiquity of Humanity | 138 | ||
| Palaeolithic Archaeology | 147 | ||
| Reaction against Evolution | 156 | ||
| Archaeology in North America | 158 | ||
| Conclusions | 164 | ||
| 5 | Evolutionary Archaeology | 166 | |
| The Rise of Racism | 167 | ||
| Lubbock’s Synthesis | 171 | ||
| Colonial Archaeology in the United States | 177 | ||
| Australian Prehistory | 189 | ||
| Archaeology in New Zealand | 193 | ||
| Racist Archaeology in Africa | 195 | ||
| The Legacy of Evolutionary Archaeology | 207 | ||
| 6 | Culture-Historical Archaeology | 211 | |
| Early Interests in Ethnicity | 211 | ||
| Diffusionism | 217 | ||
| The Montelian Synthesis of European Prehistory | 223 | ||
| The Concept of Culture | 232 | ||
| The Birth of Culture-Historical Archaeology | 235 | ||
| Childe and The Dawn of European Civilization | 241 | ||
| European Archaeology and Nationalism | 248 | ||
| Other National Archaeologies | 261 | ||
| Culture-Historical Archaeology in the United States | 278 | ||
| Technical Developments | 290 | ||
| Theory | 303 | ||
| Conclusions | 311 | ||
| 7 | Early Functional-Processual Archaeology | 314 | |
| Environmental Functional-Processualism | 315 | ||
| Social Anthropology | 319 | ||
| Economic Approaches | 322 | ||
| Soviet Archaeology | 326 | ||
| Childe as a Marxist Archaeologist | 344 | ||
| Grahame Clark | 353 | ||
| Early Functionalism in the United States | 361 | ||
| The Conjunctive Approach | 367 | ||
| Ecological and Settlement Archaeology | 372 | ||
| World Archaeology | 382 | ||
| Conclusions | 384 | ||
| 8 | Processualism and Postprocessualism | 386 | |
| Neoevolutionism | 386 | ||
| Early New Archaeology | 392 | ||
| The Diversification of Processual Archaeology | 418 | ||
| Postprocessual Archaeology | 444 | ||
| Continental European Alternatives | 478 | ||
| Discussion | 480 | ||
| 9 | Pragmatic Synthesis | 484 | |
| Competing Approaches | 485 | ||
| Theoretical Convergence | 497 | ||
| Middle-Ranging Theory | 508 | ||
| High-Level Theory | 519 | ||
| 10 | The Relevance of Archaeology | 529 | |
| The Challenge of Relativism | 529 | ||
| The Development of Archaeology | 532 | ||
| Relations with Other Social Sciences | 538 | ||
| Coping with Subjectivity | 540 | ||
| BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY | 549 | ||
| REFERENCES | 583 | ||
| INDEX | 681 | ||