Cambridge University Press
9780521887953 - Twentieth-Century Poetry and the Visual Arts - By Elizabeth Bergmann Loizeaux
Frontmatter/Prelims

Twentieth-Century Poetry and the Visual Arts

The emergence of photography and film in the twentieth century helped to create a shift from a culture of words to a culture of images. Since then, the question of how literature engages the visual arts has become a key question for literary studies. This extended treatment of the poetic representation of visual art examines a wide range of figures, from W. B. Yeats and Marianne Moore to Anne Sexton and Ted Hughes. Elegantly and persuasively written, the study also contains a rich sample of images that allows readers to see the same works these poets were addressing. By investigating the complex, changing relations between twentieth-century poetry, visual art, and audience, it considers the way in which poetic responses to visual art place the lyric firmly within the social world. For those interested in the interplay between poetry and visual art, this will be essential reading.

Elizabeth Bergmann Loizeaux is professor of English at the University of Maryland, College Park.


Twentieth-Century Poetry and the Visual Arts

Elizabeth Bergmann Loizeaux

University of Maryland, College Park


CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
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© Elizabeth Bergmann Loizeaux 2008

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2008

Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge

A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data

Loizeaux, Elizabeth Bergmann.
Twentieth-century poetry and the visual arts / Elizabeth Bergmann Loizeaux.
p.cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-521-88795-3 (hardback)
1.American poetry – 20th century – History and criticism.2.English poetry – 20th century – History and criticism.3.Art and literature – United States – History – 20th century.4.Art and literature – Great Britain – History – 20th century.5.Ekphrasis.I.Title.
PS 310 . A76L65 2008
811′. 509–dc222008027112

ISBN 978-0-521-88795-3 hardback

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.


For Bill and Emma,

and in memory of Anna


Contents

List of illustrations
viii
Acknowledgments
xi
Introduction.The engaging eye: Ekphrasis and twentieth-century poetry
1
1     Private lives in public places: Yeats and Durcan in Dublin’s galleries
29
2     Bystanding in Auden’s “Musée”
63
3     Women looking: The feminist ekphrasis of Marianne Moore and Adrienne Rich
80
4     Ekphrasis in conversation: Anne Sexton and W. D. Snodgrass on Van Gogh
109
5     Ekphrasis in collaboration: Ted Hughes’s and Leonard Baskin’s Cave Birds: An Alchemical Cave Drama
135
6     Ekphrasis in the book: Rita Dove’s African American museum
163
Notes
192
Bibliography
236
Index
255

Illustrations

1     Pieter De Hooch, A Dutch Courtyard (1658/1660). Andrew W. Mellon Collection, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. Courtesy of the Board of Trustees, National Gallery of Art, Washington.
7
2     John Butler Yeats, John M. Synge (1905). Courtesy of Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane.
39
3     Sir John Lavery, The Court of Criminal Appeal (1916). Courtesy of Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane.
43
4     Antonio Mancini, Lady Augusta Gregory (1908). Courtesy of Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane.
44
5     Pompeo Girolamo Batoni, Joseph Leeson (1744). Courtesy of the National Gallery of Ireland. Photo © the National Gallery of Ireland.
53
6     Jan Victors, The Levite with His Concubine at Gibeah (c. 1650). Courtesy of the National Gallery of Ireland. Photo © the National Gallery of Ireland.
56
7     William Leech (1881–1968), A Portrait of the Artist’s Wife (c. 1920). © The Artist’s Estate. Photo © the National Gallery of Ireland.
58
8     Pieter Brueghel the Elder (c. 1525–1569), Landscape with the Fall of Icarus (c. 1558). Musée d’Art Ancien, Musées Royaux des Beaux Arts, Brussels, Belgium. Photo credit: Scala/Art Resource, NY.
72
9     “Smell,” from The Lady and the Unicorn tapestry series (1480–1490). Musée National du Moyen Age, Thermes de Cluny, Paris, France. Photo credit: Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY.
85
10    The Hunt of the Unicorn: The Unicorn at Bay (1495–1505). The Cloisters, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., 1937 (37.80.4). Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
86
11    Charity Overcoming Envy, tapestry (late fifteenth century). Glasgow Art Gallery and Museum. Courtesy of Glasgow City Council (Museums).
90
12    “Harold swears fealty to William, Duke of Normandy,” the Bayeux Tapestry (eleventh century). Musée de la Tapisserie, Bayeux, France. Photo credit: Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY.
95
13    “Here King Harold is killed,” the Bayeux Tapestry (eleventh century). Musée de la Tapisserie, Bayeux, France. Photo credit: Bridgeman-Giraudon/Art Resource, NY.
95
14    Edouard Vuillard, The Thread (1893). Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mellon, B.A., 1929 (1983.7.16). © ARS, NY. Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, CT, USA. Photo credit: Yale University Art Gallery/Art Resource, NY.
100
15    Jan Vermeer, The Milkmaid (1658–1660). Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Photo credit: Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY.
101
16    Edwin Romanzo Elmer, Mourning Picture (1890). Smith College Art Museum, Northampton, MA. Purchased.
104
17    Vincent Van Gogh, The Starry Night (1889). Acquired through the Lillie P. Bliss Bequest (472.1941). The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY. Digital Image © The Museum of Modern Art/Licensed by SCALA/Art Resource/NY.
115
18    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “The summoner” in Ted Hughes and Leonard Baskin, Cave Birds: An Alchemical Cave Drama (New York, NY: Viking, 1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
145
19    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “The plaintiff” in Hughes and Baskin, Cave Birds (1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
146
20    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “The accused” in Hughes and Baskin, Cave Birds (1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
147
21    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “The judge” in Hughes and Baskin, Cave Birds (1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
147
22    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “The knight” in Hughes and Baskin, Cave Birds (1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
148
23    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “A flayed crow in the hall of judgment” in Hughes and Baskin, Cave Birds (1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
152
24    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “After the first fright” in Hughes and Baskin, Cave Birds (1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
155
25    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “Bride and groom lie hidden for three days” in Hughes and Baskin, Cave Birds (1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
158
26    Leonard Baskin, drawing facing “The interrogator” in Hughes and Baskin, Cave Birds (1978). By permission of the Estate of Leonard Baskin. © Estate of Leonard Baskin.
160
27    The Ball of the Duchess Du Barry, popular engraving (1829).
177
28    Christian Schad, Agosta the Pigeon-Breasted Man and Rasha the Black Dove (1929). Private collection. © Christian Schad Stiftung Aschaffenburg/VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn and DACS, London 2007.
187



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