Aachen
council of (836)
Aaron, brother of Moses
Abba, reeve
Abels, Richard
Abingdon: sword found at
monastery of
Acca, bishop of Hexham
access to the king
action / contemplation
Adalard of Corbie
Adalbert, bishop of Thérouanne
Adam, first man
advice, see ‘Mirrors for Princes’
rhetoric
ædificia
ærendgewrit
æstels see also Alfred Jewel
Ælfred, ealdorman of Surrey
Ælfric, King Alfred’s hræglðegn
Ælfric, abbot of Eynsham
Ælfthryth, daughter of King Alfred
Æthelbald, king of the Mercians (716–57)
Æthelbald, West Saxon king (855–60)
Æthelberht, king of Kent (d. 616), laws of
Æthelflæd, daughter of King Alfred
Æthelheard, archbishop of Canterbury
Æthelhelm, ealdorman of Wiltshire
Æthelhelm Higa, Wiltshire layman
Æthelmod, King Æthelwulf’s discðegn and ealdorman of Kent
Æthelred, archbishop of Canterbury
Æthelred, ealdorman of the Mercians
Æthelred, West Saxon king (865–71)
Æthelred the Unready, king of the English (978–1016)
laws of
Æthelric, son of Æthelmund
Æthelstan, king of the English (924–39)
laws of
Æthelstan, priest
Æthelswith, daughter of King Æthelwulf
Æthelwald, son of ealdorman Ælfred
Æthelweard, son of King Alfred
Æthelweard, ealdorman and chronicler
Æthelwold, abbot of Abingdon and bishop of Winchester
Æthelwulf, West Saxon king (839–58)
decimation of land by see also rings, royal
Agobard, archbishop of Lyon
Airlie, Stuart
Alaric, Gothic king
Alcuin
Confessio
De animae ratione
De fide sanctae trinitatis et de incarnatione Christi libri tres
De laude Dei
De virtutibus et vitiis
Disputatio de vera philosophia
and the ‘Munich passages’
Aldhelm
Alexandrine school of exegesis
Alfred, West Saxon king (871–99): in historiography
his upbringing
his illnesses
military reforms of
promotion of education by
his will
treaty with Guthrum
relations with Mercia
relations with the Welsh
his political and cultural legacy
‘personality’ of
his role as late beginner
his role as suffering king
his role as ‘truthful lord’
personal devotion to Pope Gregory
commissioning of artefacts by
his candle-lantern
writings of
stylistic features of
dating of
personal involvement in composition of
interaction with scholarly helpers
and Irish learning
his law-book
dating of
manuscripts of
his Prose Preface
his prayerbook
his Handbook see also Augustine; Boethius; Gregory; psalms
Alfred Jewel
Althoff, Gerd
Alypius, friend of Augustine
Ambrose, St
Anarawd ap Rhodri, king of Gwynedd (d. 916)
Angelcynn, Angelðeod, see ethnic identity
angels
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
composition of
manuscripts of
relationship to Asser’s Life
‘Anglo-Saxons’, kingdom of the
anointing, royal
and Alfredian discourse
Ansegisus, capitulary collection of
Antiochene school of exegesis
ar, ara
woruld-, worulde
Arianism, heresy of
aristocracy: and economic resources
and literacy
naming practices of
social status of see also thegns, king’s; household, royal; offices
Arnobius Junior
Arnulf, East Frankish king and emperor
art: varying uses of
Alfredian
art, rulership as skill or see also craftsmanship
artifacts, portable, see ædificia
Ashdown, Berkshire, battle of
assemblies: local
at shire level
royal
Asser
and Alfred’s translation of Boethius
Life of King Alfred
context for composition of
depiction of King Alfred in
depiction of royal household in
depiction of burghal programme in
role of wisdom in
relationship to Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
relationship to Hierdeboc
Assyrians
Athanasius, St
Athelney, Somerset
Attenborough, Frederick
Audradus Modicus
Augustine, St (of Canterbury)
Augustine, St (of Hippo): early writings of
mature thinking of
De inmortalitate animae
De quantitate animae
De civitate Dei
De uidendo Deo
Enarrationes in Psalmos
Retractationes
Soliloquia
manuscripts of
and earlier Insular learning
Carolingian study of
and West Frankish discourse
Alfred’s translation of
Latin source-text for
dating of
textual transmission of
Preface to
relationship to Alfred’s Handbook
Auxerre (Yonne)
Babylon
Bald, Leechbook of
Balzaretti, Ross
Banwell, Somerset
Barrow, Julia
Bately, Janet
Bath, Somerset
Bathsheba, wife of Uriah
Beddington, Surrey
Bede
Historia ecclesiastica
translation of
bellatores
benefices held on ecclesiastical land
Beocca, ealdorman
Beorhtwulf, ealdorman of Essex
Beorhtwulf, ealdorman
Beornthryth, wife of ealdorman Oswulf
Beowulf
Berhtwulf, king of the Mercians (840–52)
Biddle, Martin
bisceop
bishops: Southumbrian
appointment of
professions of
ideal practices of
criticism of
and secular service
and viking activity
and the royal household
and Alfredian learning
Frankish see also ecclesiastical structures;  synods
Blair, John
Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus
Latin Vitae of
Consolatio philosophiae
and Augustinian thought
manuscripts of
and earlier Insular learning
Carolingian study of
and Carolingian political discourse
and later medieval thought
Alfred’s translation of the Consolatio
two recensions of
and Latin commentary material
Latin source-text for
dating of
textual transmission of
Prose Preface to
Boniface, archbishop of Mainz
bookland
as image see also charters
books: as gifts
production of
‘most necessary’
poetic voice attributed to
texts as
depiction in Alfred’s Soliloquies of
use of ædificia with
Booth, Paul
bot
‘botleas’ offences
Bourdieu, Pierre
Bowleaze Cove, Dorset
bretwalda / brytenwalda
Bridgnorth
bridges
Brittany
Brochfael, king of Gwent
Brooks, Nicholas
Bullough, Donald
bur
burðegn
Burghal Hidage
Burgred, king of the Mercians (852–74)
burhs: and fortress-work
and commercial exchange
military contingents operating from
and Alfredian learning
after Alfred
Busiris, Egyptian king
Buttington, Powys, battle of
Byzantium, Byzantine empire
Cædmon, poet
Campbell, James
canons, canon law
Canterbury
capitularies
Carloman, West Frankish king
Carnicelli, Thomas
Carolingian dynasty, West Saxon contact with
Carolingian government and rulership
and ecclesiastical landholding
in relation to West Saxon rule see also eastern Francia; Lotharingia; western Francia
Carthage, council of
Cassiciacum
Cassiodorus, Expositio Psalmorum of
Cathwulf
Cenwold, Wiltshire king’s thegn
Cenwulf, king of the Mercians (796–821)
Ceolfrith, abbot of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow
Ceolmund, king’s reeve
Ceolnoth, archbishop of Canterbury
Ceolwulf, king of the Mercians (821–3)
Ceolwulf II, Mercian king (874-?79)
ceorlas
owing labour-services
Ceredigion
Chadwick, Hector Munro
Chadwick, Henry
‘chance’ (casus)
Charlemagne, Frankish king and emperor
Admonitio generalis of
oaths of loyalty sworn to
Charles the Bald, West Frankish king and emperor
his books
Codex Aureus of
Psalter of
Prayerbook of
‘Chosroes Dish’ of
‘Cathedra Petri’ of
Charles the Fat, Frankish king and emperor
charters
as evidence for landholding
‘Decimation’
production of
witness-lists see also land; bookland; folkland
Chelsea, synod of (816)
Chester
Chichester, Sussex
chirograph
Cholsey, Berkshire
‘chosen’ status, see ‘people of God’
Christ: two injunctions of
figural depiction of
as model and example
and wisdom
birth of see also ‘Golden Rule’
‘Christian’ identity
church, as concept and institution
limited relevance under West Saxon rule of see also ecclesiastical structures
Cicero
Clement, Richard
Clemoes, Peter
Clofesho: synod of (747)
synod of (?804)
Cnut, king of the English (1016–35)
laws of
coinage
reform of
designs of see also moneyers
common burdens see also bridges; burhs; military service
communis utilitas
Compiègne (Oise)
Congresbury, Somerset
contemplative life, see action / contemplation
Conway, battle of the
Cornwall
councils of the church, general
Countisbury, Devon
counts, Frankish
Courcelle, Pierre
courts, legal, see assemblies, local; dispute settlement; peace-keeping
courts, royal: in historiography
‘court society’ see also household, royal
craftsmanship: imagery of
rulership as
craftsmen, royal
cræft, cræftas
divine distribution of
wisdom as
and cardinal virtues
requiring tools and resources
cræftega, God as
Cricklade, Wiltshire
crime, see hlafordsearu;
peace-keeping
‘cultural capital’
Alfredian
Curley, Thomas F. (III)
Cuthbert, archbishop of Canterbury
Cyneheard, West Saxon ætheling
Cynewulf, poet
Cynewulf, West Saxon king (757–86)
Cyngen, king of Powys (d. 854×855)
Damasus, Pope
David, Old Testament king
and his musicians
Davies, Rees
Davis, R. H. C.
Decalogue
Denewulf, bishop of Winchester
Denmark, Danish identity
deorling
Deormod, King Alfred’s discðegn
desire, role in Alfredian discourse of
dramatization of
devotional practices: royal
lay
Dhuoda
dialectic, discipline of
dialogue form
theatricality of
dignitates, Alfredian handling of
Discenza, Nicole
dispute settlement
at synods
before the king see also ‘judges’ just judgement
Disticha Catonis, Old English version of
Dorchester, Dorset
Dorchester on Thames
Droitwich
Dudig, Wiltshire king’s thegn
Dummoc, East Anglian see
Dumville, David
Dunn, Kentish king’s thegn
Dunstan, archbishop of Canterbury
Durkheim, Émile
eagle, as image
ealdordom
ealdormen: role in Wessex of
‘third penny’ of
and Alfredian learning
role in Mercia of see also ealdordom; ealdormonn
ealdormonn, as bearer of authority
Ealhburg, Kentish benefactress
Ealhheard, bishop of Dorchester
Ealhhere, ealdorman of Kent
Ealhstan, bishop of Sherborne
Ealhswith, wife of King Alfred
Eanwulf, ealdorman of Wiltshire
East Anglia see also Guthrum
eastern Francia
East Frankish kingship
ecclesiastical structures: Southumbrian
under Mercian rule
West Saxon
after Alfred
Frankish
Ecgberht, West Saxon king (802–39)
Ecgfrith, king of the Mercians (796)
Edgar, king of the English (957/9–975)
laws of
Edington, Wiltshire, battle of
Edmund, king of the English (939–46)
laws of
Edmund Ironside, king of the English (1016)
education: ecclesiastical
in the royal household
Alfredian
after Alfred
within the Frankish world
Edward the Elder, West Saxon king (899–924)
laws of
Edwin, king of the Northumbrians (616–33)
Einhard, Life of Charlemagne by
Elias, Norbert
Elias, patriarch of Jerusalem
Elise ap Tewdwr, king of Brycheiniog
ellen
Elmham, East Anglian see
enemies, imagery of internal and external
Eriugena, John Scottus
estate-centres
royal
as image
estate-surveys
ethnic identity
Evert, Richard
evil: Boethian explanation of
Alfredian handling of
evil rulers see also sin
Exeter, Devon
‘faculties’ of knowledge, Boethian
faith, see treow
fame, Alfredian handling of see also glory
familiarity
depiction in Alfred’s translations of
faselli
fate: Boethian role of
Carolingian interpretations of
Alfredian handling of see also wyrd
favour, royal
depiction in Alfred’s translations of
Felix, King Æthelwulf’s Frankish secretary
feorm
feud
Ffyrnfael, king of Gwent
filid
fines
Fischer, Bonifatius
Fleming, Robin
folcriht
folkland
Fonthill, Wiltshire, dispute over
‘Fonthill letter’
foreknowledge, divine
Alfredian handling of
forfeiture
Formosus, Pope
fortifications, see bridges; burhs
fortuna: Boethian role of
Carolingian interpretations of
Alfredian handling of see also wyrd
Foucault, Michel
Frakes, Jerold
Frantzen, Allen
friendship
king’s
role in Alfred’s translations of
Frisians, in King Alfred’s service
Frithestan, priest
Fulk, archbishop of Rheims
Fuller brooch
fyrd, see military service
Ganshof, François
Gauzlin, bishop of Paris
geæmettian
Geertz, Clifford
geferræden
geferscipe
Gelasius I, Pope
gemet, as limit of earthly need
ungemet
ofer gemet
gemetgian
gemetgung
gemetlic, ungemetlic
gemetlice, ungemetlice
to ungemetlice
ful ungemetlice
genealogy, royal
Genesis B
geometry, discipline of
Gerald of Aurillac
Gerald of Wales
Germanus, St (of Auxerre)
gesælig
Gesceadwisnes, Alfredian interlocutor
gesið
gestures: and elite communication
interpretation of
West Frankish
East Frankish
Alfredian
dramatization of see also theatricality
gewyrhta
gifts, gift-giving
annual
West Saxon
Alfredian
depiction in Alfred’s translations of see also loan, land on
Gifts of Men, The
glory: role in Alfredian discourse of
Boethian treatment of
glosses: vernacular
‘Leiden family’ of
Latin
Godden, Malcolm
Goebel, Julius
Goffman, Erving
Goldberg, Eric
‘Golden Rule’
Goliath, Philistine warrior
goods, goodness: false goods, seemingly distributed by Fortuna
Alfredian handling of
highest good, as Platonic form
Alfredian handling of see also sælða
Goths, Gothic identity
Gottschalk of Orbais
Grately, Hampshire
greed see also desire
Greek learning
Gregory the Great, Pope
saintly status of
pastoral ideals of
and De civitate Dei
Homiliae in Evangelia
Libellus responsionum
Moralia in Iob
Dialogi
Wærferth’s translation of
manuscripts of
Regula pastoralis
abridgement of
and Alfredian discourse
and Carolingian political discourse
Alfred’s translation of
Latin source-text for
dating of
relationship to Asser’s Life
manuscripts of
Gretsch, Mechthild
Grierson, Philip
Grimbald of St-Bertin
Gumley, council of (749)
Gunthar, archbishop of Cologne
Guthrum, king
treaty with Alfred
Gwynedd
Hadrian, abbot
Haimo of Auxerre
Hamwic
hardships: interpretation of
and divine testing
Boethian treatment of
role in Alfred’s translations of
Heahmund, bishop of Sherborne
Heahstan, bishop of London
Heiric, count of Friuli
Heiric of Auxerre
Heliand, Old Saxon poem
Helmstan, bishop of Winchester
Helmstan, Wiltshire king’s thegn
Hercules
Alfredian handling of
Hertford, synod of (672 or 673)
Hezekiah, Old Testament king
hieremenn
Hilduin, archchaplain and abbot of St-Denis
Hincmar, archbishop of Rheims: and canon law
and episcopal inauguration
and episcopal power
and Frankish ecclesiastical landholding
and legal theory
and royal anointing
and West Frankish kingship
and wisdom
on English bishoprics
De ordine palatii
‘Quierzy letter’
Hincmar, bishop of Laon
hlafordsearu
Hodges, Richard
Hörmann, Wolfgang
homicide
Honorius, Emperor
Honorius I, Pope
honour see also ar; weorðscipe
honores
Horace
Horn Down, Berkshire
horses
house of wisdom, as image
household, royal
itinerancy of
and education
and book production
and portable artifacts
theatrical qualities of Alfredian
and Alfredian discourse
role in Alfred’s translations of
after Alfred
and Carolingian political discourse
West Frankish
East Frankish see also bur
Howlett, David
Hrabanus Maurus
Hrothgar, King
Hucbald of St-Amand
career at St-Bertin and Rheims of
humility, as expectation of rule
within the Frankish world see also ministerium
hunting
imagery of
Hurstbourne, Hampshire
Hyfaidd, king of Dyfed (d. 893)
Hywel ap Rhys, king of Glywysing
immunities, debate over
Ine, West Saxon king (688–726)
laws of
Innes, Matthew
Ipswich
Ireland
Irish learning
Irish law
Irvine, Susan
Isaiah, Old Testament prophet
Isidore of Seville
Jacob, son of Isaac
Jehosaphat, Old Testament king
Jeremiah, Old Testament prophet
Jerome, St
and the Psalter
Jerusalem
council of (c. AD 49)
Job
John I, Pope
John VIII, Pope
John of Worcester
John the Old Saxon
Jonas, bishop of Orléans: De institutione regia
De institutione laicali
Jones, S. R. H.
Josiah, Old Testament king
Judas Iscariot
‘judges’
role in Alfred’s translations of see also just judgement; dispute settlement
Judith, wife of Louis the Pious
Judith, daughter of Charles the Bald
Julian of Æclanum
Julian of Toledo
Junius, Francis
just judgement: as expectation of rule
and written law
and truthfulness : see also desire; dispute settlement; law
Juvenal
Kelly, Susan
Kent: under Mercian rule
under West Saxon rule
Ker, Neil
Keynes, Simon
kingship: interpretation of
learned aspects of
and dynasticism
and economic resources
role in Alfred’s texts of see also Mercia; Wessex; eastern Francia; western Francia
Kingston, Surrey: council of (838)
royal anointings at
Kirby, David
Klaeber, Friedrich
knowledge: organization and conception of
limits of earthly see also wisdom
Königsnähe see also favour, royal
labour, organization of
Lactantius
land: as basis for aristocratic power
public liability of
ecclesiastical
royal
held on lease
sale of
strategic negotiation of
and written law
depiction in Alfred’s translations of see alsobenefices; bookland; charters; folkland; loan, land on
Laon (Aisne)
Lapidge, Michael
lar
lareow
last judgement
and God’s future kingdom
Latin ability of laymen
Latin learning
ninth-century decline of
role under Alfred of
tenth-century
law: preservation of
amendation of
royal giving of
written
oral transmission of
as ‘book’
and wisdom
divine
of nature
tenth-century ‘English’
Bavarian
Irish
Continental Saxon see also canons
Lebuin, St
Le Goff, Jacques
Leicester
Leo I, Pope
Leo III, Pope
Leo IV, Pope
Leo VI, Emperor
Leofric, bishop of Crediton and Cornwall
letters: royal
ecclesiastical
lay
Lex Salica
Leyser, Karl
Liber ex lege Moysi
Liber Pontificalis
liberal arts
Lichfield
Liebermann, Felix
Lindsey, see of
literacy
of ecclesiastics
lay
Alfredian implications of
within the Frankish world
in Ireland
litteratus / illiteratus
liturgy
liturgical commemoration see also anointing, royal; prayer, private
loan, land on
as image
London
‘restoration’ of
lordship: over land
over men
and vernacular poetry
of monasteries
archiepiscopal
royal
and loyalty
role in Alfred’s texts of see also hlafordsearu
Lothar II, king of Lotharingia
Lotharingia
Louis the German, East Frankish king
Louis the Pious, Frankish king and emperor
Admonitio of (823×825)
love, as social bond
depiction in Alfred’s translations of see also Christ
Lupus, abbot of Ferrières
Machiavelli, Niccolò
MacLean, Simon
Maddicott, John
Mainz, council of (813)
Malmesbury, Wiltshire
‘manors’, see estate-centres
markets
marriage
Martianus Capella
Martin, St
Martyrology, Old English
masculinity
materia
Matfrid, count of Orléans
medical imagery
Mellitus, bishop of London
memory: Alfredian conception of
‘memory in good works’
mentalities, see wisdom
Mercia
Mercian kingship
alliance with Wessex
and King Alfred
role of Mercian learning
Mercian dialect
mercy, as principle of rule
metalwork see also ædificia
‘middle men’, on Alfredian waggon wheel of fate
‘middle way’, between excesses of harsh and pleasant fate
military service see alsobenefices; common burdens
Milo of St-Amand
‘mind’s eyes’
ministeriales
ministerium
as equivalent of ðegnung
Minster Lovell Jewel
‘Mirrors for Laymen’
‘Mirrors for Princes’
Insular
missi
Mod, Alfredian interlocutor
guilt of
‘moderation’ of consumption and prosperity, see ‘middle way’ use, rightful
monasteries
Kentish royal
and viking activity
moneyers
monopolistic forms of control
Moses
Mosaic law see also Decalogue
mundbyrd
munera sordida
murder, see homicide
Nathan, Old Testament prophet
Nebuchadnezzar, Babylonian ruler
need, language of
Nelson, Janet
Nero, Roman emperor
Newhauser, Richard
Northumbria
Notker Labeo of St-Gallen
Notker the Stammerer of St Gallen
nutritores
oaths, oath-taking
of loyalty
‘oath and pledge’
Oda, archbishop of Canterbury
Odo of Cluny
Offa, king of the Mercians (757–96)
dyke of
‘laws’ of
offices, office-holding
in Alfred’s texts
secular
ecclesiastical
king’s role in distribution of see also ministerium
Officia per ferias
O’Neill, Patrick
oral communication
depiction in Alfred’s translations of see also theatricality
orders: language of
three orders
Ordlaf, ealdorman of Wiltshire
Orosius, Historiae aduersum paganos of
translation of
Latin source-text for
Orpheus and Eurydice, story of
orsorgnes
Osburh, mother of King Alfred
Oslac, King Æthelwulf’s butler
Oswulf, ealdorman of East Kent
Oswulf, ealdorman
Ottar, Norwegian merchant
Otten, Kurt
outlawry
palaces see also courts, royal; household, royal
papacy: English relations with
Frankish relations with
papal decrees
papal legates, visit of (786)
parenthood, knowledge of
Paris
council of (829)
Paschasius Radbertus
Paul St
Paulinus of Aquileia, Liber exhortationis of
pauperes
peace
peace-keeping
peasants, see ceorlas; slaves; labour, organization of
penitential practices
public penance
‘penitential’ psalms
‘people of God’
performance, see gestures; reading; theatricality
Phacee, son of Romelia
Philistines
philosophy, as discipline: Boethian personification of
Carolingian depiction of
Carolingian uses of
Alfredian handling of see also wisdom
philosopher-rulership
Alfredian handling of
Pippin III, mayor of the palace and Frankish king
Pîtres, Edict of (864)
Platonic thought, Neo-Platonism seealso philosopher-rulership
Plegmund, archbishop of Canterbury
Plotinus
Plympton, Devon
poetry, Christian Latin
poetry, vernacular
and Alfredian discourse
‘heroic’
political discourse: features of ninth-century
under Louis the Pious
East Frankish
West Frankish
West Saxon
Alfredian
Pont de l’Arche (Eure)
Ponts-de-Cé, les (Maine-et-Loire)
Porphyry
Pössel, Christina
power: role in Alfredian discourse of
Boethian treatment of
Powys
prayer, private
precepts of rule, three
pride
priests
royal
prison
‘private’ justice, see immunities, debate over
Proclus
prosopopoeia, rhetorical device of
prosperity, see orsorgnes; sælða; wealth
Proverbs, Book of
Proverbia Grecorum
providence, divine
Alfredian handling of see also hardships; punishment and retribution, divine
Prudentius
psalms
Latin versions of
measured in fifties
‘penitential’
Alfred’s translation of
and exegetical material
dating of
textual transmission of
pseudo-Cyprian, De duodecim abusivis saeculi of
pseudo-Hincmar, De diversa et multiplici animae ratione of
pseudo-Isidore, forged decretals of
pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
punishment and retribution, divine: viking attacks as
role in Alfred’s texts of see also gewyrhta; hardships
‘queens’ and/or king’s wives
Radagaisus, Gothic king
Ramsbury, Wiltshire
Rasin, king of Syria
Ravenna
Raw, Barbara
reading: practices of
theatricality of
‘Reason’, Augustinian interlocutor
rebellion and/or disloyalty
rector
reeves, king’s
and Alfredian learning
reform, ecclesiastical: Frankish
Southumbrian
tenth-century English
regalia, royal
Regino of Prüm
Regulus, Roman consul
Remigius of Auxerre: career at Rheims of
Boethian commentary tradition attributed to
revenues: division of
burghal
Rheims (Marne) see also Hincmar; Fulk; Grimbald
rhetoric: varying uses of
Alfredian
Rhodri Mawr, king of Gwynedd
rice, as adjective
rings, royal
rituals
distinction from continuous performance see also anointing, royal; liturgy; oaths
Rochester
Rodulf, abbot of St-Bertin
Roman rule and culture: physical legacy of
memory of
Rome
sack of (410)
foundation of
‘Leonine City’ in see also papacy
sælða, gesælða
woruld- see also gesælig
St-Amand (Nord)
St-Bertin (Pas-de-Calais)
St David’s, Dyfed
St-Denis (Seine)
St Germain-des-Prés, Paris
St Gallen, monastery of
‘St Gallen’, ‘Anonymous of’ (Boethian commentary tradition)
saints, as human order
Salzburg
sanctuary
Saul, Old Testament king
Scharer, Anton
Schepss, Georg
Schipper, William
schola, as term : see also education; household, royal
scir, as ‘charge’ or ‘office’
Seafarer, The
seals
Sedulius Scottus
Liber de rectoribus christianis
senate, Roman
senses, sense-perception: Five Senses
and intellectual perception
‘servants of God’
Shaftesbury, Dorset
Sherborne, Dorset
Shippey, Tom
ships
imagery of
shire see also scir
Sigewulf, King Alfred’s butler and ealdorman of Kent
sight: physical manipulation of
figural depiction of
role in the Soliloquia of
role in West Frankish discourse of
role in Alfredian discourse of
Silk, Edmund
sin, sinfulness
and the conception of rule
Siricius, Pope
Sisam, Kenneth
Skinner, Quentin
slaves
Smaragdus, abbot of St-Mihiel, Via regia of
Solomon, Old Testament king: and West Saxon kingship
and Carolingian political discourse
and Alfredian discourse
figural depiction of
Solomon and Saturn dialogues
soul: education as training of
immortality of
Platonic reminiscence of
acquisition of full wisdom by
postmortem recollection by
knowledge of the soul and God
souls of angels and men
Southwick, Hampshire
speda
‘state’, ‘Anglo-Saxon’ or ‘English’
Staubach, Nikolaus
Stock, Brian
Stoic thought
Stone, Rachel
Stubbs, William
sun, as metaphor
surety
Sutton Poyntz, Dorset
Swithhun, bishop of Winchester
Swithulf, bishop of Rochester
Symeon, Tsar of the Bulgars
synods: of the Canterbury province
Frankish
‘synods’, ‘synod-books’
Szarmach, Paul
Tax, Petrus
taxation, see coinage; common burdens; feorm; revenues; tolls; tribute-taking
technology: literacy as
ædificia as
of rulership
Terence
testimony, witness, as basis for knowledge
theatricality: and elite communication
of the royal household
elsewhere
theft see also peace-keeping
thegns, king’s
mobility of
career paths of
landholding of
serving in the royal household
bishops as
and Alfredian learning
after Alfred
in early Northumbria
ðegn, as fulfiller of service
role in Alfred’s translations of
ðegnung
Theoderic, Ostrogothic king
Theodore of Mopsuestia, Psalter commentary material by
Theodore of Tarsus, archbishop of Canterbury
Theodosian Code
Theodosius I, Emperor
Theodred, bishop of London
Theodulf, bishop of Orléans
time, time-measurement
tithing
tolls see also revenues
tools, imagery of
and resources
Tours (Indre-et-Loire)
translation: interpretation of
practices of
in royal hands
and authorship
and biblical texts
depiction in Alfred’s texts of
and Alfredian wisdom
Alfredian uses of
Alfredian audiences for
dating of
textual dissemination of
‘lost’ texts of see also glosses; vernacular writing
‘treason’, see hlafordsearu
treow
Treschow, Michael
Trevet, Nicholas, thirteenth-century commentator
tribute-taking
Troncarelli, Fabio
truth: role in the Soliloquia of
Alfredian conception of
‘truthful lord’
uacare
uirtus
Boethian role of
in the Soliloquia
cardinal virtues see also cræft
Ullmann, Walter
Uriah, general of King David
use, rightful: Alfredian theory of
Carolingian articulations of
and Ælfric’s writings
‘usefulness’ see also communis utilitas
‘Vatican Anonymous’ (Boethian commentary tradition)
vernacular writing: English uses of
depiction in Alfred’s texts of
East Frankish uses of
Irish uses of see also translation
viking attacks: effects of
as divine punishment
defence against
and depicted enemies
violence
Wærferth, bishop of Worcester see also Gregory the Great
waggon wheel, as Alfredian image of fate
Wala of Corbie
Walahfrid Strabo, De imagine Tetrici of
Waldrada, consort of Lothar II
Wales
English relations with
Welsh kingship
Wallace-Hadrill, Michael
Wallingford, Berkshire
Wanderer, The
Wantage, Berkshire
Wardour, Wiltshire
Wareham, Dorset
warfare : imagery of see also enemies, imagery of internal and external; military service; viking attacks
Warminster, Wiltshire, jewel found near
wealth, riches: of King Alfred
depicted by Asser
Boethian treatment of
role in the Soliloquia of
role in Alfredian discourse of
and ædificia
and vernacular poetry
and Carolingian political discourse
in Ælfric’s writings see also sælða; speda; use, rightful
Webster, Leslie
Weland, Germanic hero
weorcmen
weorðscipe
Werburg, wife of ealdorman Ælfred
Werwulf, priest
Wessex
growth in power of
West Saxon kingship
‘West Saxon minuscule’
western Francia
West Frankish kingship
Whitelock, Dorothy
‘wics’
Wido, count of Brittany
Wilfrid, bishop of York
Willebert, bishop of Châlons-sur-Marne
William of Malmesbury
wills
Wilton, Wiltshire
Winchester
wisdom: as West Saxon royal virtue
and royal assemblies
and Carolingian education
and Carolingian political discourse
female personification of
and vernacular poetry
Alfredian
and translation
depiction in Alfred’s translations
as divine knowledge
as cræft
as earthly lord
house of
and Christ
and ædificia
‘wise’ mentalities
lack of
Wisdom, Book of
witan, see assemblies, royal; wisdom
Wittig, Joseph
Worcester
Wormald, Patrick
woruldæhta
woruldsælða, see sælða
worldly possessions, see woruldæhta; wealth; use, rightful
Wulfgar, ealdorman
Wulfhere, archbishop of York
Wulfhere, ealdorman of Wiltshire
Wulfred, archbishop of Canterbury
Wulfsige, bishop of Sherborne
verse preface by
Wulfsige, ealdorman
Wulfstan, English merchant
Wulfstan the Homilist, archbishop of York
Wulfthryth, King Æthelred’s queen
wyrd
flexibility in divine control of
‘middle way’ between harsh and pleasant
York