INDEX

Aalto, Alvar, 312, 396, 400

   sanitorium in Paimio, 266, 268

   Southwestern Agricultural Cooperative, 268

   Sanomat Newspaper Building, 268

   Viipuri Library, 268

   Villa Mairea, 313, 350

   Säynätsalo, 350

   church at Vouksenniska, 350

Abercrombie (Leslie Patrick) & Forshaw (John Henry)

   Plan for London, 351

Abrams, Charles, 381

   proposal for Urban Space Agency, 386

Abramovitz, Max, 343

Academy, meaning of, 2

Accademia del Disigno, 2

Accademia de San Luca, 2, 36

Academy of Science, France, 4, 5

Ackerman, Frederick, 317

Adam, James, 56, 58, 65, 93

   on “sentimental” architecture, 58

Adam, Robert, 32, 33, 38, 56, 58, 64, 65, 93

   Ruins of the Palace of the Emperor Diocletian, 58

   “Adam style,” 58

   (with James Adam), The Works of Robert and James Adam, 58

Adams, Henry, 187, 299

Adams, John, 141

Adams, John Quincy, 156, 157

Adams, Thomas, 295

Addams, Jane, 188, 293

Addison, Joseph, 57, 64

   “Pleasures of Imagination,” 51

Adler & Sullivan, 190

   Auditorium Building, 164

   Getty Tomb, 164

   Wainwright Building, 164

   Guaranty Building, 166

Adler, Denkmar, 164, 279

Adorno, Theodor, 378

Agrest, Diana, 414

Åhrén, Uno, 268

Ain, Gregory, 335, 346

Aizpurúa, J. Manuel, 263

Albers, Josef, 324, 333, 339, 400

Alberti, Leon Battista, 3, 8, 20, 45, 64, 82, 324, 397

Albini, Franco, 364, 376

   Museum of the Treasury of San Lorenzo, 348

Alcott, Bronson, 153

Aldrich, Henry, 48

d’Alembert, Jean Le Rond, 13, 64

   “Preliminary Discourse,” 14

Alen, William van

   Chrysler Building, 287

Alexander, Christopher

   Notes on a Synthesis of Form, 388

   “A City is Not a Tree,” 388

   A Pattern Language Which Generates Multi-Service Centers, 389

   “The Synthesis of Form,” 396

Algarotti, Francesco, 35, 92

Alloway, Lawrence, 353, 364

Ambaz, Emilio, 397, 411

American academic reforms, 321, 322, 323

American Congregational Church

   A Book of Plans for Churches and Parsonages, 150

American Institute of Architects, 146, 160

Americanism (Amerikanismus), 250, 251, 256, 258

Anderson, Martin

   The Federal Bulldozer, 386

Anderson, Stanford, 397, 412

   “Architecture and Tradition That Isn’t ‘Trad Dad,’” 389

André, Louis-Jules, 162

Angell, Samuel, 77, 130

Anker, Alfons, 286

Annesley, Francis, 83

Antionette, Marie, 184

Apollinaire, 254, 255, 336

âpreté, meaning of, 6, 7, 12, 20

Arbeitsrat für Kunst,

   founding of, 247, 250

   Exhibition of Unknown Architects, 248, 249

Archer, Thomas, 48

Archigram, 367

architecture parlante, 40

Architectural Association, 114

Ardrey, Robert

   African Genesis, 390

   The Territorial Imperative, 390

Arens, Johann August, 93

Argan, Giulio Carlo, 362, 378

   Walter Gropius e le Bauhaus, 347, 348

Aristotle, xv, 66, 166, 319

Arnheim, Rudolf

   Art and Visual Perception, 370

Arp, Hans, 267

Arras, church of St.-Vaast, 18

Artaria, Paul, 264

Ashbee, Charles Robert, 174, 188, 189

   School of Handicraft, 174

   Guild of Handicraft, 174

ASNOVA, founding of, 239

Asplund, Erik Gunnar, 346, 350

   Stockholm Public Library, 268

Atwood, Charles B.

   Reliance Building, 280

Aubert, Jean, 12

Auer, Hans, 178, 219

   “The Influence of Construction on the Development of Architectural Style,” 197

   “The Development of Space in Architecture,” 197

avant-garde, notion of, 78

Averarius, Ferdinand, 227

Aymonino, Carlo

   La Città territorio, 377

   La formazione del concetto di tipologia edilizia, 377

   Origine e sviluppo della città moderna, 377

   Monte Amiata Housing Complex, 378

Bachelard, Gaston, 399

Backström, Sven

   “A Swede Looks at Sweden,” 350

Bacon, Edmund, 329, 340, 402

Bacon, Francis, 14, 44

Baalbek, 18

Bähr, Georg, 92

Bahr, Hermann, 213

Bailly, Leon, 186

Baird, George

   “Paradox in Regents Park: A Question of Interpretation,” 373

Baird (George) & Jencks (Charles)

   “Meaning in Architecture,” 373

   Meaning in Architecture, 373

Bakema, Jacob, 357, 358, 359

   “Growing Dwellings,” 371

Baldwin, Benjamin, 329, 333

Ballie Scott, M. H., 176

Baltard, Victor

   Halles Centrales, 129

Barnes, Edward L., 328

Banfi, Gian Luigi, 312

Bangs, Jean Murray, 336

Banham, Reyner, 226, 256, 307, 352, 353, 373, 376, 389, 402, 410

   definition of Brutalism, 353, 354

   “Neoliberty: The Italian Retreat from Modern Architecture,” 363, 364, 378

   Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, 364, 365

   on Second Machine Age, 365

   “Stocktaking,” 366

   “On Trial,” 366

   “A Home is Not a House,” 366

   The Architecture of the Well-Tempered Environment, 367

   The New Brutalism, 403

Barbaro, Daniel, xv

Barker, Roger

   Ecological Psychology, 384

Barnes, Edward Larrabee

   Haystack Mountain School of Crafts, 391

Barnsdall, Aline, 288

Barr, Alfred H., 254, 298, 299, 302, 310, 323, 329, 337

   review of Hitchcock’s Modern Architecture, 300

   foreword to International Style exhibition, 301

   exhibition “Cubism and Abstraction,” 394

Barragán, Luis

   El Pedregal, 345

Barrault, Emile

   Aux Artistes, 79

Barrett, Thomas, 86

Barry Charles, 87, 89, 150

   winning competition for Palace of Westminster, 86

   Travellers’ Club, 115

   Anthenaeum, 115

   Reform Club, 115

Barry, Joseph

   “Report on the American Battle between Good and Bad Modern Houses,” 336

Barry, Madame de, 42

Barthes, Roland

   Eléments de sémiologie, 371

Bartholdi, Auguste, 162

Bartholomew, Alfred

   Specifications for Practical Architects, 90

Bartning, Otto, 248, 273, 307

Bartolini, Lorenzo, 153

Basch, Victor, 255

Basevi, George, 84

Bateman, Dickie, 54

“Battle of the Styles,” 90, 116

Baudelaire, Charles, 193

Baudot, Anatole de, 127, 129

Bauer, Catherine, 254, 317, 320, 338, 382

   Modern Housing, 318

Bauer, Leopold, 205

Bauhaus, 251, 310, 314, 323, 336, 345, 368, 394, 395, 406

   founding in Weimar, 248, 249

   early opposition in Weimar, 249, 250

   new emphasis on technology, 251

   first Bauhaus exhibition, 251, 252

   closing of Weimar school, 252

   relocation to Dessau, 252

   closing of Dessau school

   closing of Berlin school, 306, 309

   founding of Hochschule für Gestaltung (HfG), 349

Baumann, Frederick, 164, 165, 279

Baumeister, Reinhard

   Stadterweiterung, 192

Bayer, Herbert, 323

Bayer, Josef

   “Modern Architectural Types,” 200

   “The Style Crisis of Our Age,” 200, 201

BBRP (Gian Luigi Banfi, Lodovico Belgiojoso, Enrico Peressutti, Ernesto Rogers), 312

   Torre Velasca, 359, 364

Beardsley, Aubrey, 176

Beckett, Samuel, 216

Beethoven, Ludwig von, 218

Behne, Adolf, 243, 246, 247, 248, 253, 267, 271, 379

   Holländische Baukunst, 250

   “Mittelalterliches und modernes Bauen,” 250

   review of Bauhaus exhibition, 252

   Der moderne Zweckbau, 252, 253

   on Sachlichkeit, 252

Behrendt, Walter Curt, 295, 309

   Der Sieg des neuen Baustils, 274

Behrens, Peter, 211, 224, 225, 229, 230, 231, 234, 240, 252, 253, 262, 266, 273, 299, 308

   artistic advisor at AEG, 231

   Turbine Factory, 232

   article in Scientific American, 232

   “Art and Technology,” 232, 233

Beidermeier revival, 231

Bélanger, François-Joseph, 95, 144

Bellamy Edward, 318, 320

   Looking Backward, 2000–1887, 193

Belluschi, Pietro, 333, 334

   Sutor House,

   Equitable Savings and Loan Association Building, 338

Benevolo, Leonardo, 405, 406

   Storia dell’architettura moderna, 377

Benjamin, Asher

   American Builder’s Companion, 145

Benjamin, Walter, 378, 406

Bense, Max, 349

Benson, William, 48

Benson, William A. S., 173

Benthan, James

   History of Gothic and Saxon Architecture in England, 85

Bentham, Jeremy, 78

Benz, Gottlied, 238

Berg, Max

   Centennial Hall, 224, 246

Berlage, Hendrik Petrus, 218, 221, 243, 252, 264, 275, 299, 325, 362, 365

   Amsterdam Exchange, 182

   “Architecture and Impressionism, 219

   “Architecture’s Place in Modern Aesthetics,” 219

   Gedanken über Stil in der Baukunst, 219

   on architectural space, 219

   Die Grundlagen und Entwicklung der Architektur, 220

   on Sachlichkeit, 220

   Holland House, 241

   Kröller-Müller lodge, 241

Berlin Bauakademie (Architectural Academy), 95

   founding of, 94

Bernardi, Theodore, 338

Bernhard, Karl, 232

Bernini, Gianlorenzo, 4, 46, 48

Bestelmeyer, German, 307, 308

Bettini, Sergio

   “Semantic Criticism,” 373

Beuth, Peter Christian, 95, 98, 100, 110

Biddle, Nicolas, 148

Bijvoet (Bernard) & Duiker (Johannes), 264, 300

   Chicago Tribune Competition entry, 286

Bill, Max, 349

Bing, Samuel, 186, 212

   Le Japon artistique, 185

   Maison de l’Art Nouveau, 185, 186

Birkerts, Gunner, 330

   Federal Reserve Bank, 392

Blake, Peter, 332, 402

   God’s Own Junkyard, 384

Blesch, Charles

   St. George’s Episcopal Church, 150

Blondel, François, 15, 20, 24, 40, 41, 51, 65, 93, 203

   Cours d’architecture, 3, 7, 22

   first director of Royal Academy of Architecture, 2, 3

   against Perrault’s Louvre design, 7

   on Gothic architecture, 7

   on Desgodetz’s Les Edifices antiques de Rome, 8

Blondel, Jacques-François, 23, 24, 28, 37, 41, 64, 69, 93

   De la distribution des maisons des plaisance, 13

   “Architecture,” 14

   Architecture François, 40

   convenance, 40

   theory of style (character), 40

Bloomfield, Julia, 414

Bluntschli, Alfred Friedrich, 178

Boccioni, Umberto, 325

Bodiansky, Vladimir, 357

Body, Wilhelm von, 249

Bodley, George, 172, 174

Boffrand, Germain, 41

   chapel at the Chateau de Lunéville, 23

   Livre d’architecture, 39

   theory of character, 39

Bofill, Ricardo, 373

Bogardus, James

   Sun Iron building, 152

Böhm, Dominikus, 262

Böhm, Gottfried, 373

Boileau-Despréau, Nicolas, 9, 57

Boisserée, Sulpiz, 103, 178

   Geschichte und Beschreibung des Domes zu Köln, 89

Boito, Camillo

   “On the Future Style of Italian Architecture,” 225

Bonomi, Joseph, 64

Bonaparte, Jerome, 104

Bonaparte, Napoleon, 67, 68, 70, 72, 78, 95, 104

Bonatz, Paul, 230, 273, 275, 276, 308

   Tübingen Library, 307

   Stuttgart Railway Station, 307

Bonet, Antonio

   Studio apartments, 344

Booth, George, 329

Bopp, Franz

   Comparative Grammar, 133

Bordeaux

   Saint-André, 6

   Piliers de Tutelle, 6

Boring, William, 322

Borromini, Francesco, 48, 377, 378

Bossom, Alfred C., 287

Botta, Mario, 373

Botta, Paul Émile, 133

Bötticher, Karl, 201, 208, 245

   “The Principles of the Hellenic and Germanic Ways of Building,” 110, 111, 112

   on a new style, 111

   Die Tektonik der Hellenen, 112, 198

   “Development and Forms of Hellenic Tectonics,” 112

   core-form/art-form, 112

   symbolism of Greek temple, 112, 113

Boullée, Étienne-Louis, 40, 41, 42, 63, 68, 69, 82, 141

   “Architecture, Essai sur l’art,” 41

   theory of character, 41

Bourgeois, Victor, 264, 273, 274

   Le Cité Moderne, 261

Bowman Brothers, 300

   Lux Apartments, 301

Boyd, John Taylor, 281

Boyington, W. W., 164

Bragdon, Claude, 280

   Architecture and Democracy, 294

Braham, Allan, 19

Bramante, Donato, 7, 12, 352

Braque, Georges, 394

Brasília, 359, 360, 388

Brayley, E. W., 86

Brazini, Armando, 400

Brébion, Maximilien de, 18

   Breuer, Marcel, 251, 252, 264, 265, 277, 314, 324, 327, 332, 336, 337, 341, 355, 392, 399, 412

Brewster, Kingman, 399

Brezhnev, Leonid, 404

Bridport, Hugh, 148

Brinkman (Johannes) & van der Vlugt (Leendert), 300

   Van Nelle Tobacco Factory Office Building, 244

Brinkman, Johannes, Andreas, 244

Brinkmann, Julius, 178

Briseaux, Charles-Étienne, 22, 23

   Traité du beau essentiel dans les arts, 20

Britton, John, 28, 149

   Architectural Antiquities of Great Britain, 85

Broadbent, Geoffrey, 373

   Design Methods in Architecture (with Colin Ward), 389

Broch, Hermann, 410

Brongniart, Alexandre-Théodor, 146

Br⊘nsted, Peter Oluf, 75

   Reisen und Untersuchungen in Griechenland, 77

Brooks, Cleanth, 400

Brooks, Van Wyck, 292

   “On Creating an Usable Past,” 294

Brown, A. Page, 189

Brown, Ford Maddox, 173

Brown, Lancelot “Capability,” 61

   garden style, 59

Brühl, Graf, 96

Brumwell, Su, 374

Brunel, Marc, 99

Brunelleschi, Filippo, 324

Brünig, 305

“Brutalism,” 392

   coining of term, 353

Bryant, Gridley

   Boston City Hall, 152

Bryant, William Cullen, 156

Bryggman, Erik, 268, 350

Buckingham, James, 293

Bulfinch, Charles, 140, 145, 149

   Massachusetts State House, 140

   Lancaster Meetinghouse, 140

Buls, Charles

   L’Esthétique des villes, 193

Bülow, Cosima von, 138

Bunschaft, Gordon, 329, 398

Bunsen, Christian Carl Josias, 106

Burckhardt, Jakob

   Geschichte der Renaissance, 196

Burden, Jane, 172

Burke, Edmond, 50, 61, 62, 64, 67, 92, 145

   Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of our Ideas on the Sublime and Beautiful, 56

   on the sublime, 56, 57

   architectural theory, 57

   on proportion, 57

Burke, Kenneth, 293

Burlington, 3rd Earl of (Richard Boyle), 48, 49, 52, 53, 64, 92, 150

   Burlington House on Piccadilly, 48

   rotunda at Chiswick, 49, 141

   Fabbriche antiche, 49

   interest in China, 54

Burn, William, 174

Burne-Jones, Edward, 172, 173, 180

Burnham, Daniel, 191, 382

   plan for Chicago,

   Flatiron Building, 281

Burnham (Daniel) & Root (John)

   Montauk Building, 280

   The Rookery, 280

   Monadnock Building, 296

Burri, Alberto, 353

Butterfield, William, 122, 172

Byfield, George, 68

Cacciari, Massimo, 405, 406

Cage, John, 390

Calder, Alexander, 330

Calley, William L. 407

Cambridge Camden Society, founding of, 90, 114

   influence in United States, 149

Campbell, Colen, 48, 141

   Vitruvius Britannicus, 48

Candela, Félix, 345

Candilis, Georges, 357, 358

Candilis (Georges) & Woods (Shadrich), 411

Canova, Antonio, 71

Caragonne, Alexander, 411, 412

Carrà, Carlo, 262

Carus, Carl Gustav, 99

Carlisle, Lord, 53

Carlyle, Thomas, 153

Carmichel, Stokely

   Black Power, 390

Carr, Jonathan, 175

Carrey, Jacques, 24

Carson Rachel

   Silent Spring, 384

Carstens, Asmus Jacob, 94, 96

Carter, John

   Ancient Architecture of England, 85

Carter, Peter, 352

CASE (Conference of Architects for the Study of the Environment), 397

Case Study program, 335

Cassirer, Ernst, 99, 373

Castell, Robert

   The Villas of the Ancients Illustrated, 52

Castro, Fidel, 326, 407

Caumont, Arcisse de

   Sur l’architecture du moyen-âge particulièrement en Normandie, 124

Caylus, Comte de, 23, 26, 31, 76

Century Guild, 173

Cetto, Max, 345

Cezanne, Paul, 224, 336, 394

Chalgrin, Jean-François-Thérèse, 105, 141

Chalk, Warren,

Challe, Michel-Ange, 32

Chamberlin, Houston Stuart, 232

Chambers, William, 23, 32, 40, 57, 64, 93, 140, 144, 145, 148

   Treatise on Civil Architecture, 50

   on proportions, 51

   Designs of Chinese Buildings, 55

   Plans…of the Gardens and Buildings at Kew in Surry, 55

   A Dissertation on Oriental Gardening, 55

Champfleury, 129

Chandigarh, 343, 359, 388

Chandler, Alexander John, 289

Chapellaz, René, 224

Charcot, Jean-Martin, 198

Charles X, 78

Charton, Edouard

   launches Le Magasin pittoresque, 125

Chateaubriand, René

   Le Génie du christianisme, 85, 124

Chateauneuf, Alexis de, 178

Checkley, George, 314

Cheeseman, Wendy, 374

Chenel, Pierre, 259

Cheney, Mamah (née Borthwick, Mamah Bouton), 222, 288

Chennevières, Philippe de, 184

Chermayeff, Serge, 333, 355, 389

   BBC Studios (with Raymond McGrath and Wells Coates), 314

   house in Bentley Wood, 314

Chermayeff (Serge) and Alexander (Christopher)

   Community and Privacy, 387

Chevreul, Michel, 119, 171, 212

Chicago Columbian Exposition of 1893, 187, 188, 191, 209, 215

Chicago Tribune Competition, 250, 279, 280, 282, 283, 285, 286

China, British interest in, 54

Chirico, Carlo de, 262

Choay, Françoise, 373

Chochol, Josef, 267

Choisy, Auguste, 364, 365

   Histoire de l’architecture, 130

Chomsky, Noam, 414

Chrysler, Walter, P., 287

Churchchill, Winston, 306, 326

CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne), 261, 264, 292, 314, 352, 353, 362, 371, 373, 374

   founding, 276

   La Sarraz Declaration, 276

   2nd conference (1929), Existenzminimum, 277

   3rd conference (1930), 277

   4th conference (1933), 277, 355

   5th conference (1937), 355

   Athens Charter, 277, 278, 355

   6th conference (1947), 356

   7th conference (1949), 356

   8th conference (1951), 356

   9th conference (1953), 353, 357

   10th conference (1956), 358

   CIAM: Research Group for Social and Visual Relationships” (1959), 358

   dissolving of CIAM, 358, 359

Cicero, xv, 100

Citroën, André, 257

Ciucci, Giorgio, 405

Clapasson, André, 16

Clarke, George, 48

Claude, 62

Clérisseau, Charles-Louis, 26, 58

Coates, Wells, 314

Cobb, Henry N., 328, 391

Cobbett, William, 318

Cochin, Nicholas, 16, 26

Cockerell, Charles Robert, 75, 76, 83, 90, 105, 115, 145

   Ashmolean, Museum, 84

   Fitzwilliam Museum, 84

   St. George’s Hall, 84

Cockerell, Samuel Pepys, 83, 143

Coderch, José Antonia

   Ugalde House, 346

   Casa de la Marina, 346

Codman, Henry, 187

Cohn-Bendit, Daniel, 405

Cointereaux, François, 223

Colbert, Jean Baptiste, 2, 3–4, 8, 10

Cole, Henry, 90, 114, 120, 123, 133, 135, 170, 171, 172, 177, 178, 180, 184, 230, 314

   planning for Great London Exhibition, 118

   critique of Schools of Design, 118

   founded The Journal of Design and Manufactures, 118

   assumes control of Department of Practical Art (later Department of Art and Manufacturers and Victoria and Albert Museum), 120

Cole, Thomas, 156

Coleman, Harry, 408

Collingwood, R. G.

   The Idea of History, 375

Collins, Peter, 115, 389

   The Changing Ideals of Modern Architecture, 375

   Concrete, the Vision of a New Architecture, 375

   meaning of eclecticism, 376

Colquhoun, Alan, 352, 373, 403

Comte, Auguste, 78

Conant, James B., 323

Condé-sur-l’Escaut, church of St.-Vasnon, 18

Condillac, Etienne-Bonnet de, 13, 14

Connell & Ward, 314

Conner, “Bull,” 407

Contant d’Ivry, Pierre, 18

   design for Church of the Madeleine, 23

Constant (Victor E. Nieuwenhuys), 368

Cook, Clarence

   House Beautiful, 186

Cook, Peter, 367, 392

   “Plug-In City,” 367

Cooper, James Fenimore, 146

Cope, Paul, 400

Corbett, Harvey Wiley, 282, 286, 298

Corbett, Mario, 398

Cordemoy, Gerault de, 11

Cordemoy, Jean-Louis, de, 16, 23, 208

   Nouveau traité de toute l’architecture, 11, 12

Costa, Lúcio

   Ministry of Education and Health, 344

   Brasília, 344, 360

Cottart, Pierre, 4

Cotte, Robert de, 12

Cret, Paul Philippe, 317

Coughlin, Charles E., 329

Courbet, Gustave, 224

Cousin, Victor, 375

Coustou Guillaume, 71

Cowley, Malcolm, 293

Coxhead, Ernest, 189

Crane, David, 402

   “The City Symbolic,” 409

Crane, Walter, 188, 211, 212

   editor of Arts and Crafts Essays, 174

   The Claims of Decorative Art, 174

Creighton, Thomas H.

   disagreement with Elizabeth Gordon, 336, 337

Crompton, Dennis, 367

Curman, Carl, 182

Cuvier, Georges, 127

Cuypers, P. J. H., 219, 241

Dahl, Johan Christian

   Denkmale einer sehr ausgebildeten Holzbaukunst, 182

Daimler, Gottlied, 238

Dal Co, Francesco, xvi, 377, 405

Dali, Salvador, 336

Dallaway, Janes

   Observations on English Architecture, 85

Dallegret, François, 367

Dalton, Richard, 25

Daly, César, 176, 376

   founded Revue générale de l’architecture, 125, 126

   “On Liberty in Art,” 126

   attack on “rationalist” school, 129

Dance, George, 23, 32, 64

Dante, 312

D’Aronoco, Raimondo, 225

Darré, Richard Walter, 308

Darwin, Charles, 133, 167, 200, 205, 255

Dautry, Raoul, 343

David, Louis, 70, 71, 72

Davidoff, Paul, 402

   “A Choice Theory of Planning,” 387

Davidson, J. R., 335

d’Aviler, Augustin-Charles, 8

   Cours d’architecture, 13

Davis, Alexander, Jackson, 145, 150, 155, 157, 158, 160, 187

   Blithewood, 156

   Rural Residences, 156

Dawkins, James, 25, 27, 30, 53

Day, Lewis F., 174

De Bazel, K. F. C., 219

Devrient family of actors, 132

Deane, Thomas, 122

Debord, Guy, 368

De Carlo, Giancarlo, 376

   housing project for Matera, 358

   dormitories at Urbino, 360

De Fusco, Renato

   Architettura come mass medium, 373

Degas, Edgar, 336

Delaunay, Robert, 394

Délecluze, Jean, 124

dégagement, meaning of, 6, 12, 20

Delamonce, Ferdinand, 16

De Milchelis, Marco, 405

Department of Practical Art, 114, 170, 171

De Morgan, William, 173

Derand, François, 10

Desgodetz, Antoine, 8, 25

   Les Edifices antiques de Rome, 8

Descartes, René, 14

   Rules for the Direction of the Mind, 1

De Sica, Vittorio, 362

De Stijl movement, 242, 243, 244, 255

Dewey, John, 167, 321, 323

   Democracy and Education, 293

Dickens, Charles

   Hard Times, 171

Diderot, Dennis, 13, 15, 19, 64, 375

   Encyclopédie, 13, 14, 28

   Pensées philosophiques, 13

   Lettre sur les avengles à l’usage de ceux qui voient, 14

   on beauty, 22

Didron, Adolphe-Napoléon, 124, 126

Diem, Ngo Dinh, 326

Dietrichson, Lorentz, 182

Dinkeloo, John, 330, 392

Diodorus, 24

Döcker, Richard, 273, 276

Dodwell, Edward, 74

Doesburg, Theo van, 255, 267, 271, 272, 273, 325, 329

   Grundbegriffe der neuen gestaltenden Kunst, 242

   theory of color, 242

   stay at Weimar Bauhaus, 243, 244, 250

Dohme, Robert, 226, 228

   Das englische Haus, 180, 181

   Geschichte der deutschen Baukunst, 180

Dohrn, Wolf, 230, 233

Donaldson, Robert, 156, 157

Donaldson, Thomas Leverton, 115

   on eclecticism, 115

Door Manifesto, 357

Dorfles, Gillo, 373

Dorner, alexander, 323

Douglas, C. H.

   Social Credit, 320

Downing, Andrew Jackson, 155, 156, 160, 187

   Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening, 156, 157

   Cottage Residences, 157, 158

   on styles, 158

   Hints to Persons about Building in the Country, 158

   The Architecture of Country Houses, 158, 159, 160

Doxiadis, Constantine, 381

Dresser, Christopher, 172

   The Art of Decorative Design, 172

   The Principles of Decorative Design, 172

Drew, Jane, 359

Drexler, Arthur, 397, 403, 411, 413

Duban, Félix, 79, 80, 124

Dubček, Alexander, 404

Du Bois, Max, 253, 254

Du Bois, Nicholas, 48

Dubuffet, Jean, 353

Duc, Louis, 79

Dudok, Willem, 242

Dufourny, Léon, 71

Duhart, Emilio, 344

Duhl, Leonard J.

   The Urban Condition, 384

Duiker, Johannes

   sanatorium at Hilversum, 244, 268

Duke of Orleans, 13

Dumont, Gabriel-Pierre-Martin, 16, 24

Durand, Asher B., 156

Durand, Jean-Nicolas-Louis, 68, 99, 103, 105, 132, 187, 397

   Recueil et parallèle des édifices en tout genre, anciens et modernes, 69

   Précis des leçons d’architecture, 69

   fitness and economy, 70

   teachings at Ecole Polytechnique, 69

   method of design, 70

Dürer, Albrecht, 45, 179, 325

Duschesne, André, 10

Dutschke, Rudi, 404

Dylan, Bob, 390

Eames, Charles, 329, 330, 333, 334, 335, 349, 366

   early furniture designs (with Eero Saarinen), 334

   house #8 (with Eero Saarinen), 335

Eardly, Anthony, 397

Eastlake, Charles

   Hints on Household Taste, 186

Ebert, Friedrich, 247

Ecclesiologist, founding of, 90, 114

Eckbo, Garret, 335

Eckmann, Otto, 211

Eco, Umberto

   “Function and Sign: The Semiotics of Architecture,” 373

Écochard, Michel, 357

Ecole des Beaux-Arts,

   founding of, 68, 70

Ecole Polytechnique, 95, 103

   founding of, 68

Edelmann, John, 163

Eesteren, Cornelis van, 244, 276, 355, 357

Ehn, Karl

   Karl Marx-Hof, 266

Ehrenburg, Illya, 250

Ehrlich, Paul

   The Population Bomb, 390

Eidlitz, Cryus L. W.

   Times Tower, 281

Eidlitz, Leopold, 152

   St. Georges Episcopal Church, 150

   The Nature and Function of Art, More Especially of Architecture, 166

   organic theory, 166, 167

Eiffel Tower, 111, 184, 223, 260

Einstein, Albert, 321, 327

Eisenhower, Dwight D., 326, 380

Eisenman, Peter, 378, 394, 396, 411, 412

   “The Formal Basis of Modern Architecture,” 396

   “House I,” 412

   “House II,” 412

   “Notes on Conceptual Architecture,” 414

Eitelberger, Rudolf von, 178, 179, 193

Elgin, Earl of (Thomas Bruce), 74

Elgin Marbles, move to London, 82, 147

Elia, Mario Manieri, 405

Eliade, Mircea, 399, 412

Eliot, T. S., 400

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 153, 160, 161, 163, 164, 166, 167, 220, 294, 296, 319

   English Traits, 153

   “Nature,” 153

   “Self-Reliance,” 153

   architectural views, 153, 154

Emerson, William R., 187

Emery, Pierre-André, 357

Emmons, Donald, 338

Empson, William, 401

   Seven Types of Ambiguity, 400

Endell, August, 211, 215, 234, 248

   Die Schönheit der grossen Stadt, 193

   “On Beauty,” 211

   “Possibility and Goal of a New Architecture, 211

   theory of empathy, 211

Engels, Frederick, 173, 318

Enlightenment

   in France, 13

   in Germany, 91

Entenza, John, 334, 411

   purchases California Arts and Architecture, 334

Epstein, Ernst, 216

Erdmannsdorff, Friedrich Wilhelm von, 93, 94

Erlach, Fischer von, 92

Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke, 214

Esherick, Joseph, 338, 398, 399

Eúgenia, Empress, 184

expressionism, problems with term, 245

Eyre, Wilson Jr., 187, 400

Fabiani, Max, 205, 206

   manifesto of realism, 205

Falke, Jakob von, 178

   Geschichte des modernen Geschmacks, 179

   Die Kunst im Hause (English trans. “Art in the House”), 180, 186

Farnsworth, Edith, 336

Fathy, Hassan

   New Gourna, 345

   Mit-el-Nasara, 345

Faulkner, Charles, 173

Fechner, Gustav, 198

Feininger, Lyonel, 249, 251, 282

Félibien, André, 11

Félibien, Jean-François, 10

   Recueil historique de la vie et des ouvrages des plus célebres architectes, 11

Fernández del Amo, José Luis, 346

Fergusson, James, 116

   Enquiry into the True Principles of Beauty in Art, 116

   History of the Modern Styles, 116

Ferriss, Hugh, 279, 286, 295

   sketches for new zoning law, 282

   Metropolis of Tomorrow, 287

Ferstel, Heinrich von, 178, 179, 200

Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 99

   Reden an die deutsche Nation, 68

   The Vocation of Man, 95

Fiedler, Conrad, 208, 347, 348

   idea of space, 197

Field, George, 171

Finsterlin, Hermann, 245

Fiorentine, Mario, 348

Fischer, Johann Michael, 92

Fischer, Józef, 267

Fischer, Karl von, 105

Fischer, Theodor, 210, 224, 230, 243, 246, 270, 275, 307

Fisker, Kay, 269, 350

Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 281

Flag, Ernest

   Singer Loft Building, 281

Fletcher, Alexander, 48

Flitcroft, Henry, 53

Fontaine, Andrew, 49

Fontana, Carlo, 48

Fontenelle. Bermard Le Bovier de, 15

Footner, William, 149

Forbat, Fred, 251

Ford, Henry, 237, 238, 250, 253, 258, 259, 326

Ford, James & Katherine Morrow, 335, 338

   The Modern House in America, 327

Ford, Katherine Morrow

   “Modernism is Regional,” 327

Forster, Kurt W., 96

Förster, Ludwig

   founded Allgemeine Bauzeitung, 109

Fortoul, Hippolyte, 125

Foster, Norman, 374

Foster Associates, 374

Fourier, Charles, 78, 223

Fowke, Francis, 170

Frager, Jasolav, 267

Frampton, Kenneth, 331, 373, 397, 412, 414

   reply to Scott Brown’s “Learning from Pop,” 410, 411

   “Frontality vs. Rotation,” 412

Francke, Kuno, 222

Franco, General Francisco, 263

Frank, Josef, 273

Frank, Waldo, 269

Frankl, Paul, 240

Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania, formation of, 147

Franz, Prince Leopold Friedrich, 93

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, 234

Franz Josef, Habsburg Emperor, 192

Franzen, Ulrich

   Agronomy Building, Cornell University, 391

   Alley Theater, 391

Frascari, Marco, 364

Fréart, Roland, sieur de Chambray, 3, 24, 46, 49

   Paralléle de l’architecture antique avec la moderne, 1, 8

Frederick V, King of Denmank, 92

Frederick, Christine

   Household Engineering, 270, 271

Frederick the Great, 91, 92, 93

Freud, Sigmund, 198

Friedan, Betty

   The Feminine Mystique, 407

Friedman, Yona

   L’Architecture mobile, 367

Friedrich Augustus, King of Saxony, 132

Friedrich, Casper David, 96

Friedrich Wilhelm II, King of Prussia, 94

Friedrich Wilhelm III, King of Prussia, 96

Friedrich Wilehlm IV, King of Prussia, 111, 132

Frémin, Michel de

   Mémoires critiques d’architecture, 11

Frézier, Amédée-François, 12, 16, 22, 23

Fritsch, Baron von, 249

Fritsch, K. E. O., 208

Fry, Maxwell, 351, 359, 392

   Sun House, 314

   Miramonte House, 314

Frugès, Henri, 258

Fuchs, Bohuslav, 267, 273

Fuller & Laver

   New York State Capitol, 152

Fuller, Buckminster, 293, 321, 333, 349, 366, 374, 381, 392

   Dymaxion house, 296, 297, 298, 365

   founding of Shelter (formerly T-Square), 298

   involvement with Structural Study Association (SSA), 298

   Dymaxion automobile, 298

   Dymaxion bathroom, 333

   Wichita house, 333

   Nine Chains to the Moon, 333

   development of geodesic structures, 333

   dome at Expo ’ 67, 369

Fuller, Margaret, 153, 296

Furness, Frank, 161, 163, 400

   University of Pennsylvania, Fine Arts Library, 161

Furness & Hewitt

   Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 161

Furness, William Henry, 161

futurism, rise of 225

Gabetti (Roberto) & d’Isola (Aimaro), 376

   Bottega d’Erasmo, 362

Gabo, Naum

   (with Anton Pevsner) “The Realist Manifesto,” 238, 239

Gabriel, Ange-Jacques, 18, 36, 37

Gahn, Wolter, 268

Gallé, Émile, 184, 186

Gallen-Kallela, Akseli, 183

Gallerie des Machines, 184, 260

Gambrill, Charles, 162

Gan, Aleksei

   Konstruktivizm, 239

Gans, Herbert J., 386, 402, 410

   The Urban Villagers, 385

Garbett, Eduard Lacy, 116, 122

   Rudimentary on the Principles of Design in Architecture, 116

   on “Tensile” system, 117

Garcia, José Villagran, 344

Gardella, Ignazio, 364, 376

   Tuberculosis Clinic, 312

   House on the Zattere, 348

Garnier, Charles

   Paris Opera, 184, 299

Garnier, Tony, 256, 257, 260, 325

   Cité Industrielle, 223

Gärtner, Friedrich, 103, 109, 130, 150

   State Library, of Bavaria, 105, 108, 109

   Ludwigskirche, 105, 106, 108, 109, 150

Gasset José Ortega y

   The Revolt of the Masses, 352

Gaudí, Antonio, 204, 362

Gaugin, Paul, 211, 336

Gauthey, Émiliant-Marie, 18

Gautier, Théophile, 162

Gazzola, Count Felice, 24, 30

Geddes, Norman Bel, 300, 321

Geddes, Patrick, 293, 318, 357

Genelli, Hans Christian, 93, 94

Gentz, Heinrich, 94

George, Henry

   Progress and Poverty, 320

Gerard, Alexander

   An Essay on Taste, 57

German Nazarines, 106

German architectural theory, rise of, 91

German Werkbund, 229, 230

   Exhibition of 1914, 233, 234

Gerswin, George, 281

Gesamtkunstwerk, 132

Gesell, Silvio

   The Natural Economic Order, 320

Gesellius, Herman, 183

Ghyka, Matila, 344

Gibbs, James, 48, 54, 145, 149

Giedion, Sigfried, 195, 197, 243, 256, 267, 276, 277, 285, 302, 327, 328, 336, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 372, 375, 395, 398

   Bauen in Frankreich, 260, 261, 324

   Space, Time and Architecture, 264, 267, 324, 325, 346, 349, 356, 394

   Befreites Wohnen, 264

   idea of “space-time,” 325

   Mechanization Takes Command, 348

   A Decade of New Architecture, 348

   Walter Gropius: Work and Teamwork, 348

   Architecture: You and Me, 348

   “Spatial Imagination,” 349

   The Eternal Present, 349

Giedion-Welcker, Carola, 361

Gilbert, Cass, 282, 286

   Woolworth Tower, 281

Gilbreth, Frank, 237

Gigliotti, Vottorio, 377

Gill, Irving, 190, 296, 337

   Banning House, 190

   Dodge House, 190, 290

   “The Home of the Future,” 190

Gilly, David, 23, 94, 95, 98

Gilly, Friedrich, 23, 94, 97, 103, 144

   competition for monument to Frederick the Great, 94, 95

   “Some Thoughts…to Unify…Theory and Practice, 95

Gilman, Arthur Delavan

   “Architecture in the United States,” 150

   Review of Downing’s Cottage Residences, 158

Gilprin, William

   Observations on the River Wye, 60

   rules of picturesque beauty, 60

Ginkel, H. P. Daniel van, 357, 358

Ginsberg, Allen, 408

Ginsburger, Roger

   Frankreich, 275

Ginzburg, Moisei

   Ritm v arkhitekture, 240

   Stil’ I epokha, 240

Giolli, Raffaello, 312

Giurgola, Romaldo, 399, 400

Gloag, John, 314

Gočar, Josef, 267

Godefroy, Maximilian, 144, 149

Godwin, George

   founded The Builder, 116

Goebbels, Josef, 309, 310

Goecke, Theodor, 246

Goering, Hermann, 309

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang, 91, 93, 96, 97, 132, 154

   “Von deutscher Baukunst,” 85, 92

Goff, Bruce, 366

Goffman, Erving

   Behavior in Public Places, 390

Göller, Adolf, 208, 211

   “What is the Cause of Perpetual Style Change in Architecture?”, 201

   Die Entstehung der architektonischen Stilformen, 201, 202

Gombrich, Ernst, 373

Goncourt, Edmond de

   La Maison d’un artiste, 184

Gondoin, Jacques, 38, 40, 63, 144

   Ecole de Chirurgie, 37

Gontard, Karl von, 93

Goodhue, Bertram Grosvenor, 282

Goodwin, Francis

   Rural Architecture, 156

Goodwin, George

   editor of The Builder, 116, 180

Goodwin (Philip) & Stone (Edward Durrell)

   Museum of Modern Art, 329

Godwin, William

   “White House,” 175

Gonse, Louis

   L’Art japonais, 185

Gordon, Elizabeth, 336, 337, 338

   “The Threat to the Next America,” 336

Gores, Landis, 329

Görres, Joseph, 110

Gothic architecture

   early appreciation in France, 6, 7, 10, 15, 23

   in 18th-century Britain, 54, 84

   in 19th-century Britain, 84

   in 19th-century France, 124

   in 19th-century United States, 149

Goury, Jules, 130

Graeco-Gothic synthesis, 18

Gräff, Werner, 250, 271, 274

Graham, Ernest

   Equitable Building, 281

Graham, Gillespie, 87

Graham, Martha, 298

Grandelsonas, Mario, 397, 414

   “Semiotics and Architecture” (with Diana Agrest) 414

Granger, Alfred, 284

Grasset, Eugène, 224

Grassi, Giorgio

   Las construzione logica della architettura, 379

   Monza San Rocco (with Aldo Rossi), 379

Graves, Michael, 397

   Hanselmann House, 412

   Benacerraf House, 412

Gray, Eileen

   E-1027 house, 261

Great Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations of 1851, 117

Greco, Saul, 378

Greece, rediscovery of, 24, 29, 30

Green (Charles Henry) & Greene (Henry Mather), 190, 337

   Blacker House, 190

   Ford House, 190

   Gamble House, 190

Greenberg, Clement

   “Avant-Garde and Kitsch,” 352

Greene, Davis, 367

Greenough, Horatio, 153, 160, 166

   letter to Washington Allston, 154

   “American Architecture,” 154

   “organic” theory, 154, 155

   Travels, Observations, and Experience of a Yankee Stonecutter, 154

   letter to Emerson, 154

   “Relative and Independent Beauty,” 154

Gregotti, Vittorio, 348, 362, 377

   Il territorio dell’architettura, 377

Griffin, Walter Burley, 286

Grimm, Friedrich Melchior, 19, 23

Gris, Juan, 394, 412

Groberg, Robert P., 386

Groot, Jan Hessel de, 219

Gropius (Walter) and Fry (Maxwell)

   Impington Villege College, 314

Gropius, Ise, 323

   Gropius, Walter, 230, 232, 233, 234, 243, 246, 247, 265, 269, 270, 273, 274, 275, 276, 279, 295, 299, 300, 301, 302, 308, 313, 314, 321, 323, 325, 332, 336, 337, 339, 344, 355, 356, 357, 358, 365, 368, 379, 381, 388, 392, 395

   founding of the Bauhaus in Weimar, 249, 250

   Sommerfeld House, 251

   “Art and Technology, A New Unity,” 251

   Internationale Architektur, 252, 253

   Törten, 271

   “The Sociological Foundations of the Minimum Dwelling,” 277

   Bauhaus Building, 301

   departure from Germany, 309

   arrival at Harvard, 323

   The New Architecture and the Bauhaus, 323

   changes at Harvard, 324

   house in Lincoln, 327

   “Packaged House” (with Konrad Wachsmann), 327, 328

   Rebuilding Our Communities, 328

   Architecture and Design in the Age of Science, 328

   Scope of Total Architecture, 328

   The Architects Collaborative, 328

Gropius (Walter) & Meyer (Adolf)

   Otte House, 251

   Kallenbach House, 251

   theater in Jena, 251

   Chicago Tribune Competition, 284, 285

Group 7, 262

Gruen, Victor

   Northland Center, 340

   Southdale Shopping Mall, 340

   plan for Fort Worth, 340

   The Heart of Our Cities, 384

Guadet, Julien, 364, 365, 397

   Eléments et théorie de l’architecture, 184

Gubler, Friedrich, 276

Guêpière, Philippe de la, 92

Guevara, Ernesto Che, 407

Guizot, François, 80, 124

Guntensohn, Johann, & Knapp, Johann Michael

   Denkmale der christlichern Religion, 104

Gurlitt, Cornelius, 182, 208, 211

   Im Bürgerhaus, 181

   review of Adolf Göller’s theory, 202

   importance of “pure form” for architecture and art, 203

Gutman, Robert, 385, 411

Gutman, Rolf, 358

Gwathmey, Charles, 397

   own house (with Robert Siegl), 412

Hadefield, George, 145

Haesler, Otto, 301

Haffner, Jean-Jacques, 323

Hähnel, Ernst, 132

Halfpenny, William

   New Designs for Chinese Temples, 54

Hall, Edward T., 399

   The Silent Language, 389

   The Hidden Dimension, 389, 390

Haller von Hallerstein, Carl, 75, 94

Hallet, Etienne-Sulpice, 141

Halprin, Lawrence, 391, 399

   Cities, 384

   Lovejoy Plaza, 391

   Ghiradelli Square, 391

   Nicollet Mall, 391

   Sea Ranch, 391

   The RSVP Cycles, 391

Hamilton, Richard, 364, 410

   “Just What Is It That Makes Today’s Homes So Different, So Appealing?”, 353

Hamilton, Thomas, 84

Hampden, Walter, 294

Hanlek, Josef, 267

Hansen, Christian Frederick, 93

Hardoy, Jorge Ferrari, 344

Hardy, Hugh, 398

Häring, Hugo, 252, 253, 269, 271, 273, 276, 374

   Gut Garkau, 272

   “Wege zur Form,” 270

   organic theory, 272

Harkness, John, 328

Harris, Hamilton Harwell, 335, 346

   West Havens House, 336

   “Regionalism of Liberation,” 337

   arrives at the University of Texas, 338

Harris, William, 77, 130

Harrison, Constance Cary

   Woman’s Handiwork in Modern Homes, 186

Harrison, Wallace K., 343

Hart, Heinrich and Julius, 208

Hase, Conrad Wilhelm, 178

Hasenauer, Carl, 214

Hausmann, Raoul, 267

Haussmann, Baron Georges-Eugéne, 128, 129, 190, 191, 294

Haviland, John, 146, 147

   Builder’s Assistant, 10

Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 47, 48, 54, 86, 400

   Castle Howard, 47

   Blenheim Palace, 47

   on Gothic architecture, 47

   Alls Souls College, Oxford, 47

Hayden, Tom, 408

Hays, K. Michael, 406

Heckscher, August

   Public Happiness, 400

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 68, 106, 110, 111, 136, 154, 166, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 233, 234, 260, 325

   on architecture, 108

Hegemann, Werner, 323

Heger, Franz, 106

Hejduk, John, 338, 397, 412

Hellerau, 307

   founding of, 230

Helme, Frank, 282

Helmholtz, Hermann, 198, 212

Helvétius, Claude Adrien, 15

Hénault, Guillaume

   design for Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle, 23

Henderson, Nigel, 353

Hennebique, François, 223

Henrici, Karl, 192

Herbart, Johann Friedrich, 198, 201

Herbert, J. R., 118, 170

Herculaneum (Italy), 16, 32

Herder, Johann Gottfried, 91, 92

Heidegger, Martin

   Being and Time, 370

   “Building, Dwelling, Thinking,” 370

Hermogenes, 6, 7

Herrmann, Wolfgang, 313

Herron, Ron, 367

   “Living City” (with Warren Chalk), 367

   “Walking City,” 367

Herriot, Edouard, 223

Herter brothers, 186

Hertzberger, Herman, 371

   Centraal Beheer, 371

Hervey, Frederick, Bishop of Derry, 63

Hesse, Fritz, 252, 310

Heuser, Georg, 200, 208, 211

   “latticework style,” 200

   Darwinian analyses, 200

Hewitt, George, 161

Hilberseimer, Ludwig, 248, 273, 274, 310, 379

   Internationale neue Baukunst, 274

   Grossstadtarchitektur, 274

   Beton als Gestalter (with Julius Fischer), 274

Hildebrand, Adolf, 197, 245, 399

Hildebrandt, Johann Lucas von, 92

Hill, Oliver, 314

Hindenburg, Paul von, 305

Hinzenberg, Olgivanna Laxovich, 288, 289

Hire, Philippe de la, 9

Hirsche, Lee, 338

Hirschfeld, Christian Cay Laurenz

   Théorie de l’art des jardins, 93

Hirt, Alois, 93, 94, 98

   Die Baukunst nach den Grundsätzen der Alten, 100, 107

Hirth, Georg

   Das deutsche Zimmer der Renaissance, 180

Hitchcock (Henry-Russell) & Johnson (Philip), 311, 323, 394

   International Style exhibition, 286, 287, 289

   The International Style, 298, 302, 303

   “The Decline of Architecture,” 299

   “The Extent of Modern Architecture, 301

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 150, 244, 261, 288, 293, 298, 321, 337

   Modern Architecture, 275, 279, 289, 299, 300

   Painting toward Architecture, 394

Hitler, Adolf, 263, 277, 306, 307, 310, 311, 312, 329

   architectural views, 308

Hittorff, Jacques-Ignace, 77, 78, 104, 115, 130, 131, 132, 299

   discover at Agrigento, 77

   system of polychromy, 77, 80

Hitzig, Friedrich, 178

Hoare, Henry

   garden at Stourhead, 53

Hoban, James, 141

Hockney, David, 412

Hodgden, Lee, 338

Hoesli, Berhard, 338, 339, 374

Hoff, Robert van”t, 242

Hoffman, Abbie, 408

Hoffmann, Franz, 246

Hoffmann, Joseph, 205, 211, 214, 218, 230, 262, 266

   Pukersdorf Sanatorium, 214, 215

   Palais Stoclet, 215

Hoffmann, Ludwig, 275

Hofman, Albert, 208, 211

Hofman, Vlastislav, 267

Hofmann, Hans, 264

Höger, Fritz, 210, 245

Holabird (William) & Roche (Martin), 292

   Tacoma Building, 280

   Marquette Building, 280

   Williams Building, 280

   Republic Building, 281

Hölderlin, Friedrich, 68, 92

Hollein, Hans, 373, 375

Holly, Henry Hudson

   Modern Dwellings in Town and Country, 186

Holm, Hans J⊘ rgen

   Folk High School, 182

Honzík, Karel, 267

Hood, Raymond, 282, 287, 298, 300, 301

   American Radiator Building, 286

   New York Daily News building, 286

   RCA Building, 286

   McGraw-Hill building, 286

Hoover, Herbert, 316

Hope, Thomas, 376

   Observations on the Plans…Downing College, 83

   Historical Essay on Architecture, 115

   on Cinque-cento style, 115

   on eclecticism, 115

Hopkins, John Henry

   Essay on Gothic Architecture, 149

Hoppe (Emil) & Schönthal (Otto)

   Sandleiten Seidlung, 266

Horace, 28, 39, 64

Horta, Victor, 204, 206, 225, 325

Houdouin-Mansart, Jules, 39

   chapel at Versailles, 10, 12, 20

House Beautiful, first issue, 188

Hovens-Greve, Hans, 357, 358

Howard, Ebenezer, 193, 223, 293, 318, 320, 360, 382, 383

   To-morrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform,

   Garden Cities of To-morrow, 194

   Welwyn (with Louis de Soissons), 194

Howard, John Galen, 189, 337

Howe (George) & Lescaze (William), 296

   PSFS Office Tower, 287

Howe, George, 298, 332, 338, 340, 355, 400

Howell, William, 352, 357, 358

Howells (John Mead) & Hood (Raymond)

   Chicago Tribune competition entry, 284, 285, 286

Howels, John Mead, 286

Hübsch, Heinrich, 208

   In welchem Style sollen wir bauen?, 106, 108

   Über griechische Architectur, 106, 107

   notion of purposiveness (Zweckmässigkeit), 108

   on Rundbogen style, 108

   Karlsruhe Finance, Ministry, 109

   Karlsruhe Polytechnic School, 109

   St. Cyriacus, 109

   Trinkhalle in Baden-Baden, 109

Hudnut, Joseph, 324, 355

   reforms at Columbia, 322, 323

   reforms at Harvard, 323

   “The Post-Modern House,” 337

Hudson, Octavius, 170

Hugman, Robert H. H., 338

Hugo, Victor, 124

   Notre-Dame de Paris (The Hunchback of Notre-Dame), 80, 81, 82, 124, 189

Huizinga, Johan

   Homo Ludens, 360

Hull. House, 174, 188

Humboldt, Alexander von, 98

Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 94

Hume, David, 55, 56, 57, 59, 62, 92

   Treatise of Human Nature, 44

   “On the Delicacy of Taste and Passion,” 56

   “On the Standard of Taste,” 56

Humphrey, Hubert, 408

Hundertwasser

   “Mould Manifesto,” 368

Hunt, Myron, 188, 337

Hunt, Richard Morris, 151, 152, 161, 175

   French academic style, 152

   Tribune Building, 281

Husák, Gustáv, 404

Husserl, Edmund

   Logical Investigations, 369

   Ideas Toward a Pure Phenomenology, 369

Huvé, Marie, 124

Huygens, Christiaan, 4

Huyot, Jean-Nicolas, 79

Iffland, August Wilhelm, 96

Image, Selwyn, 173

Industrial-Arts museums, rise of, 177

Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies (IAUS), 414

   founding of, 411

   change of ideological direction, 412

   Five Architects, 412, 414

   Oppositions, 412, 414

Institute of British Architects (later Royal), 114, 115, 116, 146

Ishimoto, Kikuji, 345

Isozaki, Arata

   “City in the Air,” 369

Itten, Johannes, 249, 251, 252

Jacobs, Jane

   The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 382

   critique of Lewis Mumford’s theories, 382, 383

Jacobsen, Arne, 350

   “House of the Future,” 269

James, William, 167, 293

Janák, Pavel, 267

Jardin, Nicolas-Henri, 24

Jay, William, 145

Jeanneret, Pierre, 359

Jefferson, Thomas, 46, 140, 143, 144, 145, 146, 160, 319

   Monticello, 141

   Virginia State Capital, 141, 145

   ambassadorship in France, 141

   influence on character of Washington, D.C., 141

   interference with Benjamin Latrobe’s design for Capitol, 141

   University of Virginia, 142, 143

Jencks, Charles, 373

Jenny, William Le Baron, 163, 164

   Home Insurance Building, 280

Johansen, John, 328, 332

   Mummers Theater, 391

Johnson, Albert Mussey, 283, 288

Johnson, Lyndon, 407

   “War on Poverty,” 380

Johnson, Philip, 244, 293, 298, 299, 328, 332, 337, 339, 356, 368

   first trip to Europe with H.-R. Hitchcock, 300

   planning for International Style exhibition, 300, 301

   “Historical Note” to International Style exhibition catalogue, 301, 302

   embraces Nazism, 328, 329

   “Glass House,” 329, 366

   Amon Carter Museum of Western Art, 391

   Museum for Pre-Columbian Art, 391

   Kline Science Center, 391

   New York State Theater, 391

Jones, C. Christopher

   Design methods, 388

Jones, Inigo, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 62, 148, 150

   Banqueting House, 45

   Queen’s House at Greenwich, 45

Jones, Owen, 118, 170, 171, 172, 224

   “Gleanings for the Great Exhibition,” 119

   Plans, Elevations, Sections and Details of the Alhambra, 119

   painting of Crystal Palace, 119

   The Grammar of Ornament, 119, 171

   on style in architecture, 171

Jönsson, Erik, Graf von Dahlberg, 92

Jourdain, Frantz, 261

Joyce, James, 259, 390

Jugend, 180

Jugendstil, 211, 226, 228

Jung, Carl, 391

Jussow, Heinrich Christoph, 93

Kahn, Albert, 238, 321

Kahn, Ely Jacques

   2 Park Avenue, 286, 296

Kahn, Louis, 317, 332, 338, 340, 361, 368, 376, 392, 398, 400

   Yale Art Gallery, 341

   “Order and Form,” 341

   Trenton Bath House, 342

   Richards Medical Center, 342, 358, 366, 393

   Salk Institute, 342, 393

   Kimball Art Museum, 371, 394

   CIAM address in Otterlo, 393

   American Consulate, Luanda, 393

Kahn (Louis) & Stonorov (Oscar)

   “Why City Planning is Your Responsibility,” 340

   “You and Your Neighborhood,” 341

Kaiser (Eames), Ray, 334, 335

Kallmann, Gerhard, 337

Kames, Lord, 58, 64

   Elements of Criticism, 57

Kamphoefner, Henry, 339

Kamrath, Karl, 338

Kandinsky, Wassily, 245, 249, 265, 310

   Concerning the Spiritual in Art, 242

Kant, Immanuel, 68, 91, 92, 199, 219

   meaning of purposiveness (Zweckmässigkeit), 99

Kapp, Ernst

   Grundlinien einer Philosophie der Technik, 200

Karl Wilhelm of Baden-Durlach, Margrave, 102

Kastner, Alfred, 317

Kaufmann, Edgar, 166

Kaufmann, Edgar Jr., 337

Keck, George Fred, 332, 355

   Miralago Ballroom and Shops, 333

   “House of Tomorrow,” 333

   “Crystal House,” 333

Keller, Gottfried, 207

Kennedy, John F., 380, 407

Kennedy, Robert, 408

Kent, William, 53, 54, 59, 61

   The Designs of Inigo Jones, 49

   garden at Stowe, 53, 141

   garden at Rousham, 53

   garden at Kew, 141

Kepes, Gyorgy, 384, 394, 400

   Language of Vision, 332

Kerensky, Alexander, 236

Kerr, Robert, 116, 117, 120, 170

   Newleafe Discourses on the Fine Art Architecture, 116

Key, Axel, 182

Key, Ellen, 288

Kierkegaard Sören, 245

Kiesler, Frederick, 298

Kikutake, Kiyonori

   “Sky House,” 368

   “Marine City,” 368

Killick, John, 352

Kimbell, Friske, 23, 322

King, Martin Luther, 407

Kinnard, William, 76, 83

Kircher, Ludwig, 245

Kirk, Grayson, 408

Klauder, Charles, 270

Klee, Paul, 249, 265

Klein, Alexander, 379

Klemm, gustav, Allgemeine Cultur-Geschichte der Menschheit, 134

Klenze, Leo von, 76, 103, 105, 109, 115, 132

   Glyptothek, 104, 105

   Pinakothek, 104

   Der Temple des olympischen Jupiter von Agrigent, 104

   Anweisung zur Architektur des christlichen Cultus, 104

   Church of All Saints, 104

Klerk, Michel de

   Eigen Haard, 241

   Dageraad estate, 241

Klimt, Gustav, 213, 214

Klopstock, Friedrich, 68

Klotz, Heinrich, 399

Knight, Henry Gally

   An Architectural Tour of Normandy, 90

Knight, Richard Payne, 60, 61, 64, 66, 84

   Analytical Inquiry into the Principles of Taste, 62

   The Landscape, 62

   theory of picturesque, 62

   on Gothic and Greek architecture, 62

   on eclecticism, 62, 63

Knoll, Florence Schust, 329

Koch, Joseph Anton, 96

Koenig, Klaus

   Analisi del linguaggio architettonico, 373

Köhler, Wolfgang, 370

Korn, Arthur, 272

   Glas im Bau, 275, 276

Körner, Stephen, 99

Kotěra, Jan, 267

Krafft-Ebing, Richard von, 214

Krahe, Peter Joseph, 93

Kramer, Pieter, 241

   Dageraad estate, 241

Kraus, Karl, 215

Krauss, Roselind, 397

Krejcar, Jamomír, 267

Krier, Leon, 375

Kropotkin, Peter,

Krubsacius, Friedrich August

   Betrachtungen über den Geschmack der Alten in der Baukunst, 93

Kugler, Franz, 132, 166, 196

   critique of Heinrich Hübsch, 108

Kuhn, thomas

   Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 390

Kurata, Chikatada, 345

Kurchan, Juan, 344

Kurokawa, Kisho

   Metabolism: Proposals for a New Urbanism (with others), 368

   “Helix Structure,” 368

   restaurant at Otome Pass, 369

   Nakagin Capsule Tower, 369

Laborde, Comte de, 184

Labrouste, Henri, 79, 126, 155, 260, 299

   reconstruction project of Paestum, 80

   Bibliothèque Ste.-Geneviève, 82, 125, 126, 187

   Bibliothèque Nationale, 130

Ladovsky, Nikolai, 239

La Farge, John, 162, 185, 186

Lafayette, Marie-Joseph, 72

La Fontaine, 9

Lagny, Bourgeois de, 129

Lambert, Phyllis, 332

Lamm, Emma, 183

Langbehn, Julius

   Rembrandt als Erzieher, 227

Langhans, Carl Gotthard, 94

Langley, Batty, 86, 149

   New Principles of Gardening, 52

   Ancient Architecture, Restored and Improved…in the Gothic Mode, 54

La Padula (Ernesto), Guerrini (Giovanni) & Romano (Mario)

   Palazzo della Civiltà, 311

Lapidus, Morris

   An Architecture of Joy, 338

La Riche, William, 412

Larsson, Carl, 183

Lassen, Flemming, 269

Lassus, Jean-Baptiste, 124

Latrobe, Benjamin, 141, 142, 146, 148, 149, 150, 155, 299

   Virginia State Penitentiary, 143

   Bank of Pennsylvania, 143

   United States Capitol, 144, 145, 187

   Baltimore Cathedral, 144

   criticism of Jefferson, 144

Laugier, Marc-Antoine, 31, 32, 40, 50, 64, 141, 145, 406, 414

   Essai sur l’architecture, 19, 20

   Easter sermon at Versailles, 19

   Observations sur l’architecture, 20, 22, 93

   notion of beauty, 22

   proportions, 22

   rationalism of Essai sur l’architecture, 23

   reception of Essai sur l’architecture, 23

   on Greece, 24

Lauridsen de Thurah, Lauritz, 92

Lauweriks, J. L. M., 219, 231

Lawrence, Ellis, F., 322

Layard, Henry, 133

Leake, William, 74

Leary, Timothy, 390, 391

Leatherbarrow, David, xv

Le Blanc, Abbé, 16

Le Brun, Charles, 3, 4, 40

   theory of expression, 38

LeBrun (Napoleon) & Runge (Gustav)

   Philadelphia Academy of Music, 150

Le Camus de Mézières, Nicolas, 42, 64

   Le Génie de l’architecture, 40

   theory of character, 40, 41

Leck, Bart van der, 243

Leclère, Achille, 124

Le Corbusier (Charles-Edouard Jeanneret), 78, 154, 224, 240, 241, 250, 251, 253, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 267, 268, 270, 272, 273, 274, 276, 277, 279, 291, 295, 298, 299, 300, 302, 318, 325, 329, 337, 339, 340, 344, 345, 346, 352, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 365, 368, 373, 374, 376, 381, 382, 392, 396, 400, 412, 414

   Étude sur le movement d’art decorative en Allemagne, 224

   working for Auguste Perret, 224

   Villa Jeanneret-Perret, 253

   Villa Favre-Jacot, 253

   Cité Jardin, 253

   “Dom-ino,” 253, 254

   Villa Schwob, 254

   Cinema La Scala, 254

   change of name to Le Corbusier, 254

   Purism, 254, 255

   Après le cubisme (with Ozenfant), 255

   L’Esprit Nouveau, 255

   Vers une architecture, 255, 256, 257, 403

   Ville Contemporaine, 257

   interest in mass-production houses, 257

   Ozenfant Studio, 257, 302

   La Roche House, 257

   Pessac housing estate, 258

   Pavilion L’Esprit Nouveau, 258

   Le peinture moderne (with Ozenfant), 258

   Urbanisme, 258

   Le Chemin des hommes, 258

   L’Art decorative, 258

   Précisions, 258

   Plan Voisin, 258, 259

   “Les 5 points d’une architecture nouvelle,” 259

   Villa Stein-de-Monzie, 259, 260, 395, 412

   Centrosoyuz Building, 259, 315

   Palace of the Soviets competition, 259

   Palace of Nations competition, 259

   Une Maison – Un Palais, 259, 260

   “Ville Radieuse, 277

   La Charte d’Athènes (The Athens Charter), 278, 342, 397

   Savoye House, 301

   Pavilion Suisse, 315, 366, 397

   Cité du Refuge, 315, 352

   National Center for Collective Festivals, 315

   La Ville Radieuse, 315, 316

   Ferme Radieuse, 316

   Village Radieuse, 316

   Projet Obus, 316

   Quand les cathédrals étaient blanches, 316

   United Nations Building (with Wallace K. Harrison & Max Abramovitz), 338, 343

   Sur les 4 Routes, 342

   Destin de Paris, 342

   La Maison des hommes, 342

   Les trois établissements humains, 342

   Unité d’Habitation, 342, 343, 357

   Ronchamp, 343, 362

   La Tourette, 343

   Chandigarh, 343

   Ahmedabad, 343

   La Modular, 343, 344, 352

   Jaoul houses, 353

Ledoux, Claude Nicolas, 9, 37, 40, 41, 63, 64, 68, 93, 94, 141, 329, 367, 402

   pavilion for Mlle. Guimard, 38, 143

   Hôtel d’Uzès, 38

   Arc-et-Senans, 42

   theater in Besançon, 42

   prison for Aix-en-Provence, 42

   barrières of Paris, 42

   design for Chaux, 42

   L’Architecture considérée sour la rapport de l’art, des moeurs et de la législation, 42

   “proper physiognomy,” 43

Leeds, William Henry

   “An Essay on Modern English Architecture,” 115

Lefuel, Hector-Martin, 151

Legeay, Jean-Laurent, 23, 32, 41, 92, 93

Léger, Fernand, 261

Leibl, Wilhelm, 207

Le Lorrain, Jean-Joseph, 26, 27, 32

Lemercier, Jacques, 3

L’Enfant, Pierre-Charles, 191

   plan for Washington, D.C., 141

Lenin, Vladimir Ilich (Ulyanov), 236, 237, 238, 407

Lenoir, Albert, 125

   affranchissement de l’arcade, 125

Lenoir, Alexandre, 124

Leonardo da Vinci, 133

Leoni, Giacomo

   The Architecture of A. Palladio, 48

Leonidov, Ivan, 270

L’Eplattenier, Charles, 224

Le Play, Frédéric, 223

Leroux, Pierre, 82, 125

Le Roy, Julien-David, 14, 23, 25, 26, 30, 31, 32, 33, 42, 51, 58, 68, 70, 71, 72

   trip to Greece, 26

   Les Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grece, 26, 27, 28

   Histoire de la disposition…que les chrétiens ont données à leurs temples, 28

Lescaze, William, 287, 299, 301

Lessing, Gottfried Ephraim, 91

Lessing, Julius, 178, 179, 211

   “New Paths, 210, 211

   analogy of architecture with ships and vehicles, 210

Letang, Eugène, 163, 321

Lethaby, William Richard, 174, 175, 226

   founds Art-Workers’ Guild, 174, 175

   Avon Tyrell, 175

   Architecture, Mysticism and Myth, 176

Le Vau, François, 4

Le Vau, Louis, 3–4, 5, 46, 95

Levi, Rino, 344

Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 361, 373, 378

   Elementary Structures of Kinship, 371

   Tristes Tropiques, 371

   Structural Anthropology, 371

Levine, Neil, 80

Levitt, William, 326, 328

Lewis, Henry Greswold, 64

Lewis, Sinclair, 281

L’Herbier, Marcel, 261

Libera, Adalberto, 262, 312, 378

   elementary school in Trento, 262

   Italian Pavilion, 262

   apartments on Ostia Lido, 262

Lichtwark, Alfred, 211, 227, 231, 307

   “Realistische Architektur,” 209

   definition of realism, 210

   Palastfenster und Flügeltür, 210

Liebermann, Max, 207

Liebknecht, Karl, 236, 247, 248, 404

Leibnitz, Gottfried, 99

Lihotzky, Margarete, 266

Lindgren, Armas, 183, 268

Linhardt, Evžen, 267

Lippencott, Mather, 400

Lippmann, Walter, 246

Lipps, Theodor, 208, 211, 399

Lipsius, Constantine, 178, 207, 211

Lissitzky, El, 238, 239, 243, 244, 250, 264, 267, 271

   Russland, 240, 241, 275

   involvement with journal G, 250

Listz, Franz, 132

Little Academy, of France, 2

Llewellyn-Davies, Richard, 389

Locke, John, 14, 22, 44, 48

Lodoli, Carlo, 23, 31, 92

   theory of architecture, 32

Lönberg-Holm, Knud, 298, 322, 355

Long, Huey, 329

Longius, 57

Loos, Adolf, 195, 222, 226, 228, 243, 258, 268, 273, 290, 339, 364, 410

   “Potemkin City,” 215

   “The Old and the New Direction in Architecture, 215

   “The Poor Little Rich Man,” 215

   Das Andere, 216

   Goldman & Salatsch, 216, 217

   Villa Karma, 216

   Looshaus, 216

   “Ornament and Crime,” 217, 255

   on Semper’s theory of “dressing,” 218

   Am Heuberg, 266

   Ott Haas-Hof, 266

   Moller House, 266

   Müller House, 266

Lorenz, Konrad, 349

L’Orme, Philibert, 10, 148

Lorraine, Claude, 61, 96

Lotze, Hermann, 198, 219

   Geschichte der Aesthetik in Deutschland, 178

Loudon, J. C., 120

   Encyclopedia, 156

Louis XIII, 3

Louis XIV, 2, 3–4, 5, 13

Louis XV, 13, 14, 18, 19

Louis XVIII, 78

Louis, Victor, 32

Louvre (Paris), extension of, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 22

Lovell, Philip, 291

Lovett, Wendell, H., 358

Löw, Anton, 214

Lubetkin, Berthold, 314, 351

Lübke, Wilhelm

   Geschichte der deutsche Renaissance, 179

Lucae, Richard

   “Der Mensch und sein Haus – my home is my castle,” 178

   “On the Meaning and Power of Space in Architecture,” 196, 197

   “On the Aesthetic Development of Iron Construction,” 197

Lucas, Colin, 314

Lucchesi, Matteo, 31

Lüchinger, Anulf

   Structuralism in Architecture and Urban Planning, 371

Luckhardt, Hans, 248, 269

Luckhardt, Wassili, 248, 269

Luckhardt (Hans) & Luckhardt (Wassili)

   Chicago Tribune competition entry, 286

Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Darmstadt, 103

Ludwig, Crown Prince of Bavaria (later king), 104, 105

Ludwig II, of Bavaria, 137

Ludwig, Josef, 205

Lukács, Georges, 378, 406

Lundy, Victor, 328

Lurçat, André, 276, 300

   Jean Lurçat studio, 261

   Cité Seurat, 261

Lutyens, Edwin, 176, 400

Lux, Joseph August, 232

   Ingenieur-Ästhetik, 231

Luxemburg, Rosa, 236, 247, 248, 404

Lyell, Charles

   Principles of Geology, 133

Lynch, Kevin, 399, 410

   The Image of the City, 378, 384

   “The Pattern of Urban Growth,” 384

Lyndon, Donald, 398

Mackensen, Fritz, 248

MacKaye, Brenton, 295, 317, 381

Mackintosh, Charles Rennie, 225, 226, 374

   “Architecture,” 176

   Railway Terminus competition, 176

   Glasgow Herald Building, 176

   Glasgow School of Art, 176

Mackmurdo, Arthur, 173, 176

   6 Private Road, 175

   8 Private Road, 175

Maekawa, Kunio, 356

   Electrical Testing Office, 345

Maffei, Francesco Scipione, 31

Magritte, René, 261

Mahler, Alma, 249

Maillard, Elisa, 344

Maillet, Robert, 264, 272

Maillol, Aristide, 224

Mailer, Norman, 408

Maison de l“Art Nouveau, 212

Maki, Fumihiko

   “Group Form” (with Masato Ohtaka), 368

Mäkiniemi, Elissa, 350

Maldonado, Tomas, 349, 372

Malevich, Kasimir, 238, 239, 244, 325, 329, 367

Mallet-Stevens, Robert

   Villa for Vicomte de Noailles, 261

   apartments on Rue Mallet-Stevens, 261

   Un cité modern, 261

Mandrot, Hélène, 276

Manet, Edouard, 224

Mangin, Joseph-François, 144

Mannheim, Karl, 378, 406

Mansart, François, 4, 40, 46

Marat, Jean-Paul, 72

Marc, Franz, 245

Marcks, Gehard, 249

Marcuse, Herbert, 407, 411

Mariette, Pierre-Jean, 31

   Review of Della Magnificenza, 33

Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso, 225, 255, 336, 363

Markelius, Sven, 268, 343, 346, 349

   plan for Vällingby, 350

Marot, Jean, 4

Marquis de Sade, 215

Marshall, P. P., 173

MARS (Modern Architectural Research Group), 314, 352, 353, 355, 357

Marsio, Aino, 268

Martial, 64

Martin, Louis, 411

Martin, Jean, xv

Marx, Karl, 78, 244, 318, 407

Masters, William H. and Johnson, Virginia E.

   Human Sexual Response, 407

Matisse, Henri, 224, 254

Maximilian II, of Bavaria, 111

   competition to invent a new style, 113

May, Ernst, 269, 273, 275, 276, 277, 295, 300, 307, 308

   Praunheim Siedlungen, 270

   Das neue Frankfurt, 270

Maybeck, Bernard, 189, 190, 296, 337

   Berkeley Faculty Club, 189

   First Church of Christ Scientist, 189

Mayer (Albert) & Whittlesey, 339, 359, 360

McCarthy, Eugene, 407, 408

McCormick, Robert, 284

McGrath, Raymond, 314

McHale, John, 364, 365

McHarg, Ian

   Design with Nature, 384

McKim, George, 191

McKim, Meade & White, 186

   Newport Casino, 187

   Short Hills Casino, 187

   Isaac Bell House, 187

   Goelet House, 187

   Villard House, 187

   Boston Public Library, 187

McKinley, William, 185

McLuhan, Marshall, 392

   The Medium is the Message, 390

Mebes, Paul, 231, 276, 308

Meier, Richard, 397

   Smith House, 10

   Saltzman House, 412

Meier-Graefe, Julius, 212, 228

   review of Alexander Schröder’s apartment, 213

Meissonnier, Jules-Aurèle, 12

Melani, Alfred, 225

   Manuale Architettura italiana, 225

Melnikov, Konstantin, 239

   Pavilion at Exposition of the Decorative Arts, 240

Melville, Herman, 294

Memmo, Andrea, 23, 32

Mendelsohn (Erich) & Chermayeff (Serge)

   De La Warr Pavilion, 314

   Mendelsohn, Erich, 245, 248, 252, 253, 273, 275, 276, 292, 295, 309, 325, 374

   Einstein Tower, 269

   Luckenwalde hat factory, 271

   Schocken Department Store, 269

   Amerika: Bilderbuch eines Architekten, 269

   Russland-Europa-Amerika, 269, 270

Menzel, Adolf, 207

Mercier, Ernest, 258

Merimée, Prosper, 124, 128, 184

   influence on Viollet-le-Duc, 124

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice

   Phenomenology of Perception, 370

Messel, Alfred, 209, 232, 252

Metabolism, 368

Metzger, Eduard

   defense of Gothic architecture, 109

   “Contribution to the Contemporary Question: In What Style Should We Build!,” 111

   on possibilities of iron, 111

Mey, J. M. van der, 242

Meyer, Hannes, 267, 273, 276, 302, 307, 309, 349

   Petersschule, 264

   move to Dessau Bauhaus, 264, 265, 266

Meyer, Heinrich, 93

Meyer, Howard R., 338

Meyer, Peter

   Moderne schweizer Wohnhäuser, 264

MIAR (Italian Movement for Rationalist Architecture), 262

Michelangelo, 7, 12, 133, 139, 164, 400, 402

   proposal for San Lorenzo, 396

Michellucci, Giovanni, 364, 376

   Florence Railway Station, 348

Middleton, Robin, 10, 11, 82, 393

Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 232, 250, 251, 252, 262, 264, 271, 276, 277, 279, 293, 300, 302, 306, 307, 308, 318, 321, 323, 327, 329, 336, 337, 342, 361, 366, 368, 379, 387, 392, 398, 400, 402, 412

   glass skyscraper project, 250

   glass tower on Friedrichstrasse, 271, 272

   involvement with G, 271

   Mosler House, 272

   involvement with Novembergruppe, 272

   founding of Der Ring, 272, 273

   Monument to Karl Liebnecht and Rosa Luxemburg, 273, 310

   planning for Weissenhof Siedlung, 273

   Hermann Lange House, 274

   Barcelona Pavilion, 274

   Tugendhat House, 274, 301

   closure of Bauhaus, 309, 310

   Ulrich Lange House, 310

   departs Germany for United States, 310–311

   Farnsworth House, 329, 332

   Seagram Building (with Philip Johnson), 332

   Illinois Institute of Technology (Armour Institute of Technology), 330, 331

   Metals Research Building, 331

Milizia, Francesco, 64

Millon Henry, 397, 400

Mills, Robert, 145, 146

   Washington Hall, 146

   Sansom Street Baptist Church, 146

   Octagon Unitarian Church, 146

   Monumental Church, 146

   Baltimore Monument to George Washington, 146

   Patent Office, 146

   Treasure Building, 146

   Post Office, 146

   “The Progress of Architecture in Virginia,” 146

   “The Architectural Work of Robert Mills, 146

Milner, John

   The History…of the Antiquities of Winchester, 85

Minh, Ho Chi, 326, 407

Minkowski, Hermann, 325

MLTW (Moore, Lyndon, Turnbull & Whitaker)

   Sea Ranch, 399

   Kresge College, 399

   Santa Barbara Faculty Club, 399

   Church Street housing complex, 399

modern, meaning of, xvi

Moholy-Nagy, László, 249, 250, 252, 260, 265, 277, 355, 365, 394

   Von Material zu Architektur (The New Vision), 267, 332

   first director of New Bauhaus (later Institute of Design), 332

Moholy-Nagy, Sibyl, 389

Moller, Georg, 103, 106

   Denkmähler des deutschen Baukunst, 89, 103

   Discovery of partial drawing of Cologne Cathedral, 103

Molnár, Farkas, 267

Mondrian, Pieter, 242, 243, 244

Moneo, Raphael, 373

Monet, Claude, 336

Monroe, Marilyn, 326

Montalembert, Comte de, 124

Montfaucon, Bernard de, 25

Montesquieu, Baron de, 14, 15, 28, 32, 73

Moore, Charles, 398, 408, 414

   “Water in Architecture, 398

   “Discrimination in Housing Design,” 398

   “Plug It In, Rameses, and See If It Lights Up,” 398

   Body, Memory, and Architecture (with Kent C. Bloomer), 398

   house in Orinda, 399

Moreau-Desprous, Louis, 26

Moreira, Jorge, 344

Moretti, Luigi, 363, 373

Morgan, Julia, 189

Moritz, Karl Philipp, 93, 94

Morris, Charles, 332

   Foundations of the Theory of Signs, 371, 372

Morris, Robert, 64, 141

   An Essay in Defence of Ancient Architecture, 49

   Lectures on Architecture, 50

   An Essay on Harmony, 50

Morris, Roger, 49

Morris, William, 172, 174, 185, 188, 189, 190, 196, 212, 219, 224, 228, 229, 293, 313, 315, 318, 378

   Red House (with Philip Webb), 172, 174

   Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Company, 172

   “The Prospects of Architecture in Civilization,” 176

   “The Revival of Architecture,” 176

   News from Nowhere, 177

Moser, Karl, 264, 276, 292, 340

Moser, Kolomon, 214

Moses, Robert, 340, 381

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 96, 137

Muche, Georg, 249, 251, 265

Mujica, Francisco

   The History of the Skyscraper, 287

Müller, Carl Otfried, 113

Müller-Lyer, Franz, 277

Müller-Wulckow, Walter

   Deutsche Baukunst der Gegenwart, 275, 276

Mumford, Lewis, 161, 286, 293, 299, 317, 320, 332, 343, 348, 355, 381, 398

   The Story of Utopias, 293

   Sticks and Stones, 294, 295

   founding Regional Planning Association of America, 295

   “The Search for ‘Something More,’” 295, 296, 300

   “Mass-Production and the Modern House,” 296

   The Brown Decades, 296

   “Housing,” 301, 302

   Technics and Civilization, 318

   The Culture of Cities, 318, 319, 381

   “Bay Region Style,” 337

   Art and Techniques, 339

   From the Ground Up, 340

   criticisms of United Nations Building, 340

   The City in History, 381, 382

   critique of Jane Jacob’s book, 356

Munck, Edvard, 245

Munthe, Gerhard, 183

Museum of Modern Art, 289, 298, 323, 327, 329, 334, 336, 338, 394, 400, 403, 411, 414

   “Modern Architecture: International Exhibition, 298, 303

   planning for 300, 301

   exhibition catalogue, 301, 326

   “What is Happening to Modern Architecture?”, 337

Mussolini, Benito, 262, 263, 311, 312

Muthesius, Hermann, 175, 210, 226, 227, 228, 230, 233, 243, 246, 247, 256, 267

   The English House, 177

   Das englische Baukunst der Gegenwart, 226

   “Neues Ornament und neue Kunst,” 228

   on Sachlichkeit, 228, 229

   Stil-Architektur und Baukunst, 228, 229

   ten “theses,” 234

   notion of Typisierung, 234

Muzio Giovanni, 311

   Ca’ Brutta, 262

   tennis club, 262

Myers, Howard, 320

Mylne, Robert, 24, 32

Nagel, chester, 338

Napoleon III, 126, 128, 184, 190, 191

Nash, John, 83, 86, 87, 145

Natoire, Charles, 26

Naumann, Friedrich, 210, 227, 230, 307

Naumberg, Margaret,

Neale, John Mason, 90

Nehru, Jawaharlal, 343, 359

Nelson, Paul, 297

Nesfield, William Eden, 175

   Specimens of Mediaeval Architecture, 174

   Shipley Hall, 174

Neufforge, Jean-François de, 93

Neumann, Balthasar, 92

Neumann, John von, 326

Neumann, Karl, 208

Neutra, Richard, 264, 271, 277, 290, 292, 298, 299, 300, 301, 333, 335, 355, 368

   Amerika, 275

   “Rush City Reformed,” 279, 292

   Wie baut Amerika?, 292

   Lovell Health House, 292, 335

   Sternberg House, 333

   Lewin House, 333

   Kaufmann House, 333

   Tremaine House, 333

   “VDL Research House,” 333

   Beard House, 333

   Richter House, 334

   Steelcraft house, 334

   The Architecture of Social Concern, 334

   Survival through Design, 334

“New Empiricism,” 337, 349, 351, 352, 356

Newman, Oscar, 397

   Defensible Space, 390

Newton, Isaac, 14, 42

“New York Five,” 339, 414

Nicholas II, Czar, 236

Niemeyer, Oscar, 343

   work at Brasília, 344, 360

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 167, 232, 244

   reading of Semper’s Der Stil, 139

   The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music, 139

Nineteen sixty-eight, significance of, xvi

Nixon, Richard, 408

Nizzoli, Marcello, 312

Noel, Maud Miriam, 288, 289

Noguchi, Isamu, 298

Norberg-Schulz, Christian, 349, 373, 403

   Intentions in Architecture, 372

Normand, Charles-Pierre-Joseph, 105

Norton, Charles Eliot, 187

Notman, John, 157

Notre Dame, cathedral (Paris), 11

Novalis, 92

Novecento movement, found of, 262

Novembergruppe, founding of 247

Nowicki, Mathew, 337, 339, 340, 359, 369

   curriculum changes at North Carolina State University, 339

   “Origins and Trends in Modern Architecture,” 339

   Raleigh Arena (with William Henley Deitrick), 339

   design of Chandigarh, 339

Nyop, Martin, 269

   Copenhagen City Hall, 182

Obrist, Hermann, 211, 248

O’Gorman, Juan

   National Library, 344

   School for Teachers, 345

Ohtaka, Masato

   “Group Form” (with Fumihiko Maki), 368

O’Keefe, Georgia, 321

Olbrich, Joseph Maria, 205, 211

Olbrich, Joseph Maria, 214, 218, 225, 230

   Ernst Ludwig House, 214

Olds, Ranson Eli, 238

Olier, Charles François, Marquis de Nointel, 2, 24

Olmstead, Frederick Law, 160, 162, 187, 188, 193

   New York Central Park (with Calvert Vaux), 160, 163

Oppenord, Gilles-Marie, 12

Orozco, José Clemente, 345

d’Orville, Jacques-Philippe, 24

OSA (society of Modern Architects), 240

Osthaus, Karl, 231, 233, 234

Otto, King of Greece, 104

Otto, Christian, 274

Otto, Frei, 369

Oud, J. J. P., 242, 267, 273, 276, 299, 300, 301, 302, 323, 379

   Katwijk aan Zeen, 243

   Spangen housing estate, 243

   “On the Future architecture and its Architectural Possibilities,” 243

   Hook of Holland, 244, 270

   Café de Unie, 244

   Kiefhoek housing estate, 244

   house in Pinehurst, 301

Ouvrard, René, 40, 65

   Architecture harmonique, 3

Owens, Robert, 78, 318

Ozenfant, Amédée, 254

Paestrum Italy, 16, 62

Pagano, Giuseppe, 262, 263, 310–311, 312

Palace of the Soviets, competition of, 241

   winning scheme of Boris Iofan, Vladimir Shchuko & Vladimir Gelfreik, 241

Palace of Westminster, competition of 86

Palladio, 2, 3, 8, 20, 45, 48, 49, 50, 62, 66, 367, 413

Palmerston, Lord, 119

Pancrazi, Giuseppe Maria, 24, 30

Panini, Giovanni Paolo, 27

Pankok, Bernard, 211

Panofsky, Erwin, 373

Panseion, Pierre, 68

Paolozzi, Eduardo, 353

Parker, Alfred Browning, 338

Parker, Barry, 194

Parker, Theodor, 153

Parris, Alexander, 145, 149

Pascal, Blaise, xv

Passarge, Walter, 252

Patte, Pierre, 18

Patterson, Joseph, 284

Pattison, Mary

   Principles of Domestic Engineering, 270

Paul, Bruno, 211, 229

Paulsson, Gregor, 268

Pausanias, 74

Pawley, Martin, 373, 410

Paxton, Joseph

   design of Crystal Palace, 117, 118, 122

Peabody and Sterns, 162

Pearlman, Jill, 323

Pecht, Friedrich, 179, 207, 208, 211

Pei, I. M., 328, 387, 391

   National Center for Atmospheric Research, 392

   JFK Library, 392

   John Hancock Tower, 392

   East Wing of National Gallery, 392

Pelli, Cesar, 330, 392

Pembroke, Earl of, 49

Pennethorne, James, 84

Pepler, Marian, 314

Percier (Charles) & Fontaine (Pierre), 104, 105, 115, 299

Perkins, Dwight, 188

Perkins, G. Holmes, 402

Perrault, Charles, 4

   “The Century of Louis the Great,” 9

   Parallel of the Ancients and the Moderns, 9

   design for Sainte-Geneviève, 9, 10

Perrault, Claude, 15, 18, 20, 22, 23, 37, 38, 40, 41, 46, 47, 50, 51, 64, 65, 148, 203, 414

   use of the word theory, xvi

   design for Louvre, 4, 5, 20, 28, 156

   design for Royal Observatory, 5

   translation of Vitruvius, 6, 22

   on Gothic architecture, 6, 10

   trip to south of France, 6, 10

   on dégagement, 6

   on âpreté, 6

   against François Blondel, 7

   expanded footnote to translation of Vitruvius, 7

   Ordonnance des cinz espèces de colonnes, 8, 11

   on proportions, 8, 9

   on positive and arbitrary beauty, 8, 9

   design for Sainte-Geneviève, 9, 10

Peressutti, Enrico, 398

Perret, Auguste, 224, 256, 260, 261, 299, 325, 359, 362, 376

   Apartment on rue Franklin, 223

   Théâtre des Champs Elysées, 223

Perret, Gustave, 223

Perronet, Jean-Rudolphe, 18, 63, 95

Persico, Edoardo, 262, 312

Persius, Ludwig, 111, 178

Peschken, Goerd, 99

Petzet, Michel, 10

Pevsner, Anton, 238, 330

Pevsner, Nikolaus, 211, 313, 332, 338, 354, 364, 375

   Pioneers of the Modern Movement, 313, 314, 352

   An Inquiry into Industrial Art in England, 314

   The Englishness of English Art, 352

Peyre, Marie-Joseph, 32

Pflueger, Timothy L.

   Office building on Sutter Street, 287

phenomenology, defined, 369

Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876, 185

Piacentini, Marcello, 311

   Architettura d’oggi, 262

   University of Rome, 311

   Esposizione Universale di Roma (EUR), 311

Piano (Renzo) & Rogers (Richard), 374

Picasso, 254, 324, 394, 395

   L’Arlésienne, 325, 394

picturesque, origin of word, 51, 52

Pierson, William H., 156

Pietilä (Reima) & Paatelainen (Raili)

   Kaleva Church, 350

Pigage, Nicolas de, 92

Piranesi, Giovanni Battista, 24, 27, 31, 32, 38, 51, 58, 59, 63, 64, 68, 92, 93, 163, 393, 406

   Invenzioni Capric de Carceri, 32

   Le antichità romane, 32

   Della magnificenza ed architettura de’ romani, 32, 33, 35

   Campo Marzio dell’ antica Roma, 33

   “Osservazione di Giovanni Battista Piranesi sopra la lettre de M. Mariette,” 33, 35

   Parere su l’architecture, 35, 36

   Divers Manners of Ornamenting Chimneys, 36

   on eclecticism, 36

Pissaro, Camille, 336

Plato, 166, 293

Platz, Gustav

   Die Baukunst der neuesten Zeit, 274, 275

Playfair, William, 84

Plečnik, Jože

   Prague Castle, 266

   Insurance Building, Ljubljana, 266

Pliny the Elder, 74

Pliny the Younger, 49, 52, 64

Plotinus, 92

Pococke, Richard, 25

Podro, Michael, 201

Poelzig, Hans, 210, 229, 230, 245, 252, 273, 307, 309, 327

   Werdermühle Factory, 246

   Upper Silesia Tower, 246

   Berlin Playhouse, 246

Poisson, Abel-François (Marquis de Marigny), 15, 16

Poitiers, Saint Hilaire-le-Grand, 6

Polk, Willis, 189, 337

Pollack, Jackson, 353

polychrome debate

   start of, 74

   color on Parthenon, 74

   temple on Aegina, 75

   temple at Bassae, 75

Pommer, Richard, 274

Pompadour, Madame de, 14, 15, 36, 184

Pond, Irving K., 282

Ponti Gio

   house on Via Randaccio (with Emilio Lancia), 262

   Casa Borletti, 262

   Montecatini Office Building, 311

Pope, Alexander, 54

   notion of picturesque, 52

   garden at Twickenham, 52, 141

Pope Clement XIII, 36

Popper, Karl, 389

Pöpplemann, Matthäus Daniel, 92, 132

Portoghesi, Paolo, 377

   “Dal Neorealismo al Neoliberty,” 362

Portoghesi (Paolo) & Gigliotti (Vittorio)

   Casa Baldi, 377

   Casa Andreis, 377

   Casa Papanice, 377

   cultural center at Avezzano, 377

   Church of the Holy Family, 377

Post, George B.

   Pulitzer Building, 281

Potter, William A., 162

Poussin, Nicolas, 61, 62, 64, 96

Preiswerk, Rudolf, 264

Presley, Elvis, 326

Price, Bruce, 187, 189

   American Surety Building, 281

Price, Cedric

   “Fun Palace,” 367

Price, Uvedale, 60, 64, 158

   Essays on the Picturesque, 61

   theory of the picturesque, 61

   “An Essay on Architecture and Buildings,” 61

   on Gothic architecture, 62

Priestly, Joseph, 161

Primo de Rivera, Dom Miguel, 263

Pritchard, Jack, 314

Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph, 223

Proportions, harmonic and relative, 3, 8, 9, 15, 50, 51, 57, 65

Prové, Jean, 366, 373

Pugin, August Charles, 85

   Specimens of Gothic Architecture, 86

Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore, 86, 114, 170, 173, 174, 180, 299

   Examples of Gothic Architecture, 87

   Contrasts, 87, 88

   The True Principles of Pointed Architecture, 90, 110, 149, 150

   An Apology for the Revival of Christian Architecture, 90

   “How Shall We Build Our Churches?”, 116

Puni, Ivan, 267

Pythagoras, 325

Quaroni, Ludovico, 348, 378

Quarrel of the ancients and moderns, 6, 9

Quatremère de Quincy, Antoine Chrysostôme, 18, 43, 68, 71, 76, 77, 79, 80, 131, 133, 142, 378

   Encyclopédie méthodique, 71, 73

   essays on Egyptian architecture, 72

   theory of types, 72

   definition of architecture, 73

   theory of character, 73

   definition of type, 73

   definition of style, 73

   Le Jupiter olympien, 76

   theory of polychromy, 76

   attack on his teachings, 79

Queen Anne style, 174, 178

Rabe, Martin Friedrich, 94

Racine, 9

Rading, Adolf, 273, 309

Raineri, Giorgio, 348

Ramée, Joseph

   Untion College in Schenectady, 144

Ramsey, Allan, 32, 58

   “Dialogue on Taste,” 55, 56

Rand, Ayn

   The Fountainhead, 321

Raoul-Rochette, Désiré, 77

Rapson, Ralph, 329, 330, 333, 334, 335, 384

Rasmusson, Steen Eiler, 350

   Experiencing Architecture, 350

   Town and Buildings, 351

Rauch, John, 400

Raymond, Antonin

   Reader’s Digest Office, 345

Realism, in Germany, 207, 208, 209, 212

Redgrave, Richard, 118, 171, 314

   Reports by the Juries, 118, 119, 170

Redtenbacher, Rudolf, 206

   “The Building Efforts of the Present,” 199

   Die Architektonik der modernen Baukunst, 200

Reichensperger, August, 110, 178

   Die christlich-germanische Baukunst und ihr Verhältnis zur Gegenwart, 109

Regional Plan Association (RPA), 295

Regional Planning Association of America (RPAA), 295, 317

Reich, Lily, 310

Reidy, Affonso Eduardo, 344

Reinhardt, Max, 246

Renoir, Pierre Auguste, 336

Renwick, James, 150

   Grace Church, 149

   Saint Patrick’s Cathedral, 149

   Cocoran Gallery, 152

Repton, Humphry, 63

   Sketches and Hints on Landscape Gardening, 60

   “Picturesque effect,” 60

   Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening, 61, 157

Revett, Nicholas, 25, 30, 76, 82, 83, 94, 144, 147, 150

Reynaud, Jean, 125

Reynaud, Léonce, 125

   “Architecture,” 82, 125

   Triaté d’architecture, 126

Reynolds, Joshua, 61, 64, 116

Richards, J. M., 349, 350, 356

   An Introduction to Modern Architecture, 314, 315, 352

   “Criticism,” 352

   The Bombed Buildings of Britain, 352

   The Castles on the Ground, 352

Richardson, Henry Hobson, 155, 161, 162, 164, 175, 186, 187, 204, 296, 299, 303

   Brattle Square church, 162

   Trinity Church, 162

   Watts-Sherman House, 162

   Stoughton House, 162

   Ames Gate Lodge, 162, 163

   Allegheny County Courthouse and Jail, 163

   Marshall Field Wholesale Store, 163, 164

   Austin Hall, 296

Richelieu, Cardinal, 2

Richter, Hans, 250, 271

Ricker, Nathan Clifford, 322

Rickman, Thomas, 85, 87, 149

   An Attempt to Discriminate the Style of English Architecture, 86

Ridolfi, Mario, 362, 364, 376, 377

   post office on Piazza Bologna, 262

   Viale Etiopia, 348, 362

Riegl, Alois, 245, 272

   critique of Semper’s theory, 229

   notion of Kunstwollen, 233

   Spatrömische Kunstindustrie, 233

Riemerschmid, Richard, 211, 229, 230, 307

Rietschel, Ernst, 132

Rietveld, Garrit, 300

   Schröder House, 211

Rigotti, Annibale, 225

Robertson, Jacquelin, 397

Robespierre, Maximilien, 67, 72

Robinson, J. C., 170

Robinson, Sir Thomas, 53

Robsjohn-Gibbings, T. H., 337

   Good-Bye, Mr. Chippendale, 336

   Mona Lisa’s Mustache, 336

Roche, Kevin, 330, 392

Roche (Keven) & Dingeloo (John)

   Ford Foundation Building, 392

   Knights of Columbus Building, 392

   College Life Insurance Building, 392

Rockefeller, John D., 343

Rococo, 13, 23

Rodchenko, Alexander, 239

Rode, Christian Bernhard, 94

Rodrigues, Olinde, 79

Roebling, John Augustus

   Bridge over Niagara Falls, 152

   Bridge at Cincinnati, 152

   Brooklyn Bridge, 152

Rogers, Ernesto Nathan, 312, 359, 361, 373, 374, 378, 406

   assumes editorship of Casabella, 348

   theme of “continuity,” 362

   “The Evolution of Architecture, 364

Rogers, Isiah, 145

Rogers, Richard, 374

Romberg, Andreas, 109

Rondelet, Jean-Baptiste, 105, 259

   Traité théorique et pratique, 69

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 325, 326

   New Deal Programs, 316

Roosevelt, Theodore, 185

Root, John, 164, 166, 187, 188, 296, 299

   “What are the Present Tendencies in Architectural Design in America?”, 164

Rosa, Alberto Asor, 378, 405

Rosenberg, Alfred, 308, 309, 310

Rosenthal, Carl Albert

   defense of Gothic architecture, 109

Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 172, 173, 180

Rossi, Aldo, 362, 363, 378, 414

   villa at Ronchi, 378

   monument at Segrate, 378

   L’architettura della città, 378, 379

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 13, 14, 18, 19, 32, 64, 78, 128

   First Discourse, 14

   Second Discourse, 14, 15

Rousseau, Pierre, 141

Rowe, Colin, 338, 339, 394, 396, 397, 403, 411, 412, 414

   “The Mathematics of the Ideal Villa,” 352

   “Mannerism and Modern Architecture,” 352

   Introduction to Five Architects, 412, 413

Rowe (Colin) and Slutzky (Robert), 412

   “Transparency,” 338, 394, 395, 396

Royal Academy of Architecture, of France, 17, 22, 39

   founding and purpose, 2, 3, 7, 10

   closing of, 70

Royal Academy, of Great Britain, 114, 116

Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture, of France, 2, 38

Rudd, Mark, 408

Rudolph, Paul, 328, 368, 387, 391, 398, 402

   Walker guest house on Sanibel Island, 392

   “Regionalism in Architecture,” 392

   Yale University Art & Architecture Building, 392

   Strafford Harbor, 392

   Graphic Arts Center, 392

   Lower Manhattan Expressway, 392

Ruhtenberg, Jan, 323

Rumohr, Friedrich von

   Italienische Forschungen, 106

Rundbogen movement

   in Germany, 105, 110, 115

   in the United States, 149, 150, 166

Runnels, David, 329, 333

Ruprich-Robert, Victor-Marie, 164

Ruskin, John, 114, 116, 120, 135, 152, 153, 172, 174, 189, 212, 224, 318, 319, 324, 394

   The Seven Lamps of Architecture, 120, 121, 159, 176

   “The Poetry of Architecture,” 120

   Modern Painters, 120

   on choice of style, 121

   theory of ornament, 121, 122

   The Stones of Venice, 121, 122

   “The Nature of Gothic,” 122

   on Joseph Paxton’s design of Crystal Palace, 122

   Lectures on Architecture and Painting, 122

   The Two Paths, 123

   Guild of Saint George, 173

Russell, R. D. 314

Ruysdael, Salomon van, 96

Ry, Paul du, 93

Ry, Simon Louis du, 93

Rykwert, Joseph, 19, 349, 373, 379, 403, 412

   “Meaning in Architecture,” 372

Saarinen, Eliel, 183, 268, 334

   studio on Lake Vitträsk (with Herman Gesellius and Armas Lindgren), 183

   Chicago Tribune competition entry, 284, 286

   arrival at Cranbrook Academy, 329

   The City: Its Growth, Its Decay, Its Future, 329, 330

   Search for Form, 330

Saarinen, Eero, 321, 329, 330, 334, 335, 337, 369, 374, 400

   General Motors Technical Center (with Eliel Saarinen), 330

   M.I.T. Auditorium, 330

   TWA Terminal, 330

   Dulles International Airport, 330

   Kresge Auditorium, 349

Saarinen, Loja, 184

Sachlichkeit, meaning of, 208, 209, 220, 228, 229, 230, 231, 243, 245, 246, 252, 262, 307

Sadler, Luther, 338

Saeltzer, Alexander

   Astor Library, 150

Safdie, Moshe

   Habitat ’ 371

Saint. Eustache, church of (Paris), 11

Saint-Gaudens, Auguste, 186

Saint. Peter’s (Rome), 12, 18

Saint. Paul’s (London), 18

Saint-Simon, Claude-Henri, 78, 128, 223, 256

Saint-Simonism, 78, 125, 258, 260

   organic and critical epochs, 79

   influence on architects, 79, 82, 132, 240

Saint. Sulpice, church of (Paris), 11, 19

Sainte.-Chapelle (Paris), 11

Sainte.-Geneviève, church of, 9, 10, 11, 12, 18, 28, 36, 37, 72

Sainte-Beuve, 124

Sakakura Junzo, 356

   Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura, 345

Salvin, Anthony, 174

Samonà, Giuseppe

   L’urbanistica e l’avvenire della città, 377

Samuel, Godfrew, 314

Sanby, Thomas, 64

Sanders, Theodor, 219

Sandys, Francis, 83

Sanger, Margaret, 246

Sant’Elia, Antonio, 264

   futurist manifesto for architecture, 225

   La Città Nuova, 225, 226

   Messaggio, 226

Sarfatti, Margherita, 311

Sartoria, Alberto

   Gli elementi dell’architettura funzionale, 262, 263

Saussure, Ferdinand de, 373, 378

   Course of General Linguistics, 371

Savage, Henri

   La Maison à Gradins, 261

Scalfarotto, 31

Scalvini, Maria Luisa

   “Simbolo e significato nello spazio architettonico,” 373

Scamozzi, Vincenzo, 3, 8, 45, 413

Scarpa, Carlo, 348, 376

   Canova Plaster Cast Gallery, 376

   Museo di Castelvecchio, 376

   Olivetti Showroom, 376

   Palazzo Querini Stampalia, 376

   poetic and mythological interests, 377

Schadow, Johann Gofried, 93, 94

Schapiro, Meyer, 320

Scharoun, Hans, 252, 253, 269, 273, 274, 309

Schattner, Karljosef, 378

Scheerbart, Paul

   Glasarchitektur, 247

Schelling, Friedrich, 92, 99, 106, 202

Scherner, Albert, 199

Schiller, Friedrich von, 91, 92, 97, 154, 166

Schindler, Rudolf, 271, 290, 333, 334

   manifesto of 1913, 290

   own house in West Hollywood, 290, 291

   Lovell Vacation Housse, 291

   Wolfe House, 291

   “Space Architecture,” 291, 292

Schinkel, Karl Friedrich, 95, 103, 107, 110, 113, 115, 130, 132, 155, 196, 204, 208, 228, 299, 329, 374

   landscape painting, 96

   panoramas and dioramas, 96

   stage designs, 96

   Berlin Petrikirche, 97

   Cathedral to the Wars of Liberation, 97

   Neue Wache, 97

   Berlin Playhouse, 97, 98, 101

   “Error of pure radical abstraction,” 98

   trip to France, England, and Scotland, 98

   Altes Museum, 98, 101

   architectural textbook (Lehrbuch), 99

   purposiveness (Zweckmässigkeit), meaning of, 99, 100

   concern with tectonics, 103

   Institute of Industrial Arts and Trade, 101

   Bauakademie, 101, 102, 108

   attempt at a stylistic synthesis, 111

Schlegel, Friedrich, 68, 92, 99, 100

Schlemmer, Oskar, 249, 251

Schmarsow, August, 209, 219, 232, 346

   “The Essence of Architectural Creation,” 198

Schmidt, Hans, 264, 276

Schmidt, Karl, 210, 229, 230

Schmitthenner, Paul

   Gartdestadt Staaken, 307

Schnaase, Karl

   Niederländische Briefe, 196

Schneck, Adolf, 273

Schoenmaekers, Mathieu

   Het nieuwe wereldbeeld, 242

   Beginselen der beeldende wiskunde, 242

Scolari, Massimo, 379

Schopenhauer, Arthur

   The World as Will and Representation, 100, 198

Schultze-Naumburg, Paul, 307

   Häusliche Kunstpflege, 308

   ABC des Bauens, 308

   Kunst und Rasse, 308

Schumacher, Fritz, 211, 227, 229, 230, 272, 307, 308

   “Style and Fashion,” 210

   Die Kleinwohnung, 244

   Das Wesen des neuzeitlichen Backsteinbaues, 244, 245

Schütte-Lihotsky, Margarete, 270

Schuyler, Montgomery, 187, 280

Schweinfurth, A. C., 189

Schwitters, Kurt, 250

Scott, Geoffrey, 347, 397, 399

Scott, George Gilbert, 119, 132, 299

   A Plea for the Faithful Restoration of Our Ancient Churches, 114, 115

   Remarks on Secular and Domestic Architecture, 115

   Lectures on the Rise and Development of Medieval Architecture, 115

Scott Brown, Denise, 400, 402, 408, 411

   “The Meaningful City,” 402

   “Messages,” 409

   “Learning from Pop,” 410

   Response to Frampton’s reply to “Learning from Pop,” 411

Scott Brown, Robert, 402

Scully, Vincent J., 160, 187, 341, 393, 397, 403

   The Shingle Style, 400

   American Architecture and Urbanism, 410

Seagram, Joseph E., 332

Second Empire Style, rise of in United States, 151

Sédille, Paul, 207

Seidl, Gabriel von, 209, 210

Seligmann, Werner, 338

Selvatico, Pietro, 225

Semper, Gottfried, 130, 164, 170, 178, 181, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 205, 207, 209, 218, 219, 220, 228, 232, 245, 288, 332

   trip to Greece, 130

   archaeological work in Rome, 130

   Vörlaufige Bemerkungen über bemalte architektur, 131, 132

   notion of Gesamtkunstwerk, 132

   First Dresden Theater, 132

   Dresden Art Museum, 132

   Church of St. Nicholas, 132

   friendship with Richard Wagner, 132

   Saxon uprising and exile, 132

   Die Vier Elemente der Baukunst, 133, 134

   layouts for Great Exhibition, 134

   Wissenschaft, Industrie und Kunst, 134, 135

   instructor at Department of Practical Art, 135

   tract on Greek slingshot projectiles, 135

   on style, 135

   Der Stil in den technischen und tektonischen Künsten, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139

   “On the Formal Lawfulness of Ornament and Its Meaning as an Artistic Symbol,” 136

   empirical theory of art, 136

   on contemporary architecture, 136

   style’s four basic motives, 136

   Stoffwechsel (material transformation), 136

   spatial motive, 137, 196

   theory of “dressing” (Bekleidung), 137

   “denial of reality,” 137

   Munich theater project, 138

   “On Architectural Styles,” 138

   Second Dresden theater, 139

   “return of Dionysus,” 139

   influence in Chicago, 165, 166

sensationalism, defined, 56

Serlio, Sebastiano, 3, 8

Sert, José Luis, 336, 344, 357, 358, 359, 387, 388

   Galobart House, 263

   Casa Bloc, 263

   Can Our Cities Survive?, 355

Sert (José), Léger (Fernand) & Giedion (Sigfried)

   “Nine Points on Monumentality,” 341

Servandoni, Giovanni

   Church of St.-Sulpice, 104

Seurat, Georges, 211

Severance, H. Craig

   Bank of the Manhattan Company, 287

Shaftesbury, 1st Earl of, 48

Shaftesbury, 3rd Earl of (Anthony Ashley Cooper), 22, 49, 51, 64, 92, 145, 166

   “Letter Concerning Design,” 48

   pleads for academy, 48

   Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions, 48

Shakespeare, William, 44, 66, 137

Shand, Morton, 312

   “Scenario for a Human Drama,” 314

Sharpe, Walter C., 338

Shaw, John, 338

Shaw, Richard Norman, 174, 180, 226

   Glen Andred, 175

   Leyswood, 175

   Bedford Part, 175

Sheldon, George William

   Artistic Houses, 187

   Artistic Country-Seats, 187

Short, William H., 400

Sibelius, Jean, 183

Siedl, Gabriel von, 180

   Kunstgewerbehaus, 180

   Gasthof Deutsches Haus, 180

Silliman, Benjamin, 149

Silver, Nathan, 373

Silverman, Debora, 185

Simmel, Georg, 193, 247, 406

Sitte, Camillo, 219, 224

   Der Stätebau nach seinen künstlerischen Grundsätzen, 193

   notion of “painterly,” 193

Skidmore, Owens & Merrill, 329, 374

   Venezuelan Pavilion, 329

   Lever House, 329, 338

Sloan, Samuel

   The Model Architect, 160

Slutzsky, Robert, 338, 394, 411

Smeaton, John, 143

Smirke, Robert, 83, 86, 87, 145

Smith, Adam, 55, 68

Smith, Norris K., 373

Smithson, Alison, 353, 358

Smithson, Peter, 353, 357, 358, 359, 374

Smithsons (Alison and Peter), 357, 360, 364

   “Urban Reidentification,” 353

   Golden Lane housing, 353

   “House of the Future,” 353

   House in Soho, 353

Soane, John, 23, 57, 63, 68, 83, 88, 90, 99, 115, 143, 144, 145, 299, 400

   Designs in Architecture,

   Sketches in Architecture, 64

   on Gothic architecture, 64

   at Royal Academy, 64

   on beauty, 65

   on harmonic proportions, 65

   on the picturesque, 65

   on character, 66

   Lincoln’s Inn Fields, 66

   Dulwich Gallery, 66

Socrates, 166

Soissons, Louis de, 194

Soleri, Paolo, 390

   Arcology, 391

Solger, Wilhelm Ferdinand, 95, 99

Soller, August, 150

Sombart, Werner, 230

Sommer, Robert

   The Behavorial Basis of Design, 390

   Tight Spaces, 390

Sommerard, Alexandre du, 177

Sonck, Lars, 183, 268

S⊘ rensen, Arne

   Funktionalisme og samfund, 268, 269

Soriano, Ralph, 334, 335, 346, 368

Sostres, Josep Maria

   Augustí House, 346

Sota, Alejandro de la, 346

Soufflot, Jacques-Germain, 15, 23, 24, 26, 36, 37, 40, 64, 92, 93, 124, 299

   “Mémoire sur les proportions de l’architecture,” 15

   “Mémoire sur l’architecture gothique,” 15

   on Rococo architecture, 16

   second trip to Italy, 16

   design of Church of Ste.-Geneviève (later Panthéon), 17, 18, 42, 68, 70, 104, 141

Spaulding, Sumner, 335

Speer, Albert, 307, 309, 310

Spence, Basil, 338

Spencer, Herbert, 320

Spencer, Robert, 188

Spengler, Oswald, 240, 244, 248, 272, 299

   Decline of the West, 237

Spofford, Harriet Prtescott

   Art Decoration Applied to Furniture, 186

Spon, Jacob, 25

Staal, J. F., 242

Stackelberg, Otto Magnus von, 75, 131

   theory of polychromy, 76

Stalin, Joseph, 238, 241, 306, 326

Stam, Mart, 244, 264, 267, 273, 276, 357

Starr, Ellen Gates, 188

Starr, Roger

   The Urban Choices, 386

Steiger-Crawford, Rudolf, 264

Stein (Clarence) & Wright (Henry)

   Sunnyside Gardens, 295

   Radburn, 295

Stein, Clarence S., 295, 317, 382

Stein, Joseph Allen, 398

Steiner, Rudolf, 245

   first Goetheanum, 245

Stendhal, 124

Stepanova, Varvara, 239

Sterling, James, 339, 374

   “Regionalism in Modern Architecture,” 374

   History Faculty Building, 374

   Florey Residental Hall, 375

   Olivetti Training School, 375

Sterling (James) & Gowan (James)

   Flats at Ham Common, 353, 374

   Engineering Building, Leicester University, 374

Stern, Robert A. M., 392, 400

   New Directions in American Architecture, 410

Stiassny, Robert, 201, 202

Stickley, Gustav, 188

   The Craftsman, 188

   Craftsman Homes, 188

Stieglitz, Christian Ludwig, 74

Stiftner, Adalbert, 207

Stiles, Clerence, 164

Stonorov, Oscar, 317, 340, 355, 400

Stotz, Gustaf, 273

Street, George Edmund, 122, 172, 174

Stone, Edward Durrell, 391, 398

Strack, Johann Heinrich, 111, 178

Stravinsky, Igor, 252

Streiter, Richard, 211, 226, 227, 228, 229, 307

   review of Otto Wagner’s Modern Architecture, 208

   critique of Jugendstil movement, 208

   on “tectonic” realism, 208

   critique of Wagner’s theory, 208, 209

   definition of Realism as Sachlichkeit, 209

Strickland, William, 146, 154

   Second Bank of the United States, 146

   Lectures at Franklin Institute, 147

Stuart, James, 25, 30, 76, 82, 83, 94, 144, 147, 148, 150

   Prospectus for trip to Greece, 25

   First volume of Antiquities of Athens, 25

Stübben, Joseph, 192

   The Studio, 174, 188

   International Studio, 188

Stüler, Friedrich August, 111

   Entwürf zu Kirchen, Pfar- und Schulhäusen, 111

Stumpf, Carl, 198

Sturgis, John, 162

sublime, origin of word, 51

Sullivan, Louis, 155, 163, 189, 204, 206, 220, 275, 286, 292, 294, 295, 296, 299, 303, 320, 325, 336

   “Inspiration,” 163

   Borden Block, 164

   “Characteristic and Tendencies of American Architecture,” 164

   “What is the Just Subordination of Details to Mass?”, 165

   “Ornament,”

   “Emotional Architecture as Compared with Intellectual,” 166

   “The Tall Building Artistically Considered,” 166, 280

   Kindergarten Chats, 167

   meaning of function, 167

   “Democracy: A Man Search,” 167

   “What is Architecture?: A Study in the American People of Today,” 167

   A System of Architectural Ornament According to a Philosophy of Man’s Powers, 168

   Wainwright Building, 280

   Guaranty Building, 280

Summerson, John, 46

Sundhal, Eskil, 268

Sung, Kim Il, 326

Swedenborg, Emanuel, 168

Sweeny, Johnson, 356

Switzer, Stephen

   Ichnographia Rustica, 52

Symons, Arthur, 176

Syrkus, Szymon, 267

Syrkus, Helena, 356

Tafuri, Manfredo, 378, 393, 403, 406, 414

   Theorie e storia dell’architettura, 378, 405, 406

   “Toward a Critique of Architectural Ideology,” 405, 406

   Architecture and Utopia, 406

Tague, Robert Bruce, 333

Talman, William, 48

Tallyrand, Charles-Maurice de, 72

Tange, Kenzo, 356, 359

   Atomic Memorial Museum, 345

   Kagawa Prefectural Office, 345

   Kurashiki Town Hall, 345

   Totsuka Country Clubhouse, 345

   proposal for Tokyo Bay, 368, 371

   structures for 1964 Olympics,

   Shizuoka Press and Broadcasting Center, 369

   “Function, Structure and Symbol,” 371

Tatlin, Vladimir, 324

   Monument to the Third International, 239

Taut, Bruno, 230, 234, 243, 245, 246, 248, 250, 252, 270, 273, 274, 285

   Glass Pavilion, 246, 247, 300

   program for Arbeitsrat für Kunst, 247

   “Crystal Chain” letters, 248

   Die Stadtkrone, 248

   Alpine Architektur, 248

   Die Auflösung der Städte, 248

   Die neue Wohnung: Die Frau als Schöperin, 271

   Frühlicht, 250, 269

   Britz (with Martin Wagner), 271

   Berlin-Zehlendorf (with Hugo Häring and Otto Salvisberg), 271

   Das neue Berlin, 271

   Modern Architecture, 275, 276

Taut, Max, 248, 273, 274, 285

   Bauten und Pläne, 252

Taylor, Frederick Winslow, 238, 240, 250, 256, 258, 270, 271, 316, 318, 326

The Principles of Scientific Management, 235

Team 10, 358, 362, 368, 374, 388, 410

   formation of, 358

   Team10 Primer, 360, 397

TECTON

   Highpoint Apartment House, 314

   Penguil Pool, London Zoo, 314

Tefft, Thomas Alexander

   Union Depot of Providence, 150

   lecture at Portsmouth, 150

Teige, Karel

   Modern Architecture in Czechoslovakia, 267, 268

Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre, 390

Telford, Thomas, 99, 315

Temple, William

   “Upon the Gardens of Epicurus,” 54

Tencin, Cardinal de, 15

Tencin, Madame de, 15

Tentori, Francesco, 378

Terragni, Guiseppe, 263, 311, 396

   founded Group 7, 262

   Novocomum apartment, 262, 312

   Casa del Fascio, 312, 397

   Danteum, 312

Tessenow, Heinrich, 230, 244, 247, 257, 275, 307, 308, 327, 379

   Institute of Rhythmic Movement, 230

   Der Wohnhausbau, 245

   Hausbau und Dergleichen, 245

   Handwerk und Kleinstadt, 245

“Texas Rangers,” 338, 394, 411, 412

Theodorson, George A.

   Studies in Human Ecology, 384

Theory, meaning of, xv

Thibault, Jean-Thomas, 68

Thompson, Darcy

   On Growth and Form, 350, 388

Thomson, Alexander, 84

Thomson, Stewart, 314

Thoreau, Henry David, 153, 160, 163, 294, 319

   views on architecture, 155

Thorwaldsen, Bertel, 77, 104, 153

Thronton, William

   design for U. S. Capitol, 141, 144

Thürmer, Josef, 106

Tieck, Johann Ludwig, 92, 94, 96, 132

Tiepolo, Giambattista, 32

Tiffany, Charles, 186

Tiffany, Louis Comfort, 185, 186, 189, 225

   Tiffany and Associated Artists, 186

   Ponce de Leon Hotel, 186

Tite, William, 84, 90

Tönnies, Ferdinand

   Gemainschaft und Gesellschaft, 193

Torres, guiseppe, 225

Touraine, alain, 405

Toynbee, Hall, 174

Town, Ithiel

   Trinity Church in New Haven, 145

   “fireproof” home in New Haven, 146

   “Outlines of a Plan for Establishing in New York an Academy and Institute of theFine Arts,” 146

Town (Ithiel) & Davis (Alexander Jackson)

   Indiana State Capitol, 156

   North Carolina State Capital, 156

   United States Custom House, 156

   United States Patent Office, 156

   “Residence in the English Collegiate Style,” 156

Townsend, Henry. J., 118, 170

Triggs, Oscar Lovell, 167, 189

   Chapters in the History of the Arts and Crafts Movement, 188

Trissino, Giangiorgio, 2

Troost, Paul Ludwig, 308

Trotsky, Leon, 236, 238

Truman, Harry, 325, 356

Tse-tung, Mao, 326, 407

Tucker, George

   “On Architecture,” 145, 148

Tugwell, Rexford, 317

Turbot, Anne-Robert, 13

Turnbull, William, 398

Turner, Joseph, 120

Twain, Mark, 294

Tyl, Oldřich, 267

Typisierung, meaning of, 234

Tzara, Tristan, 266

Unda, Emilia, 271

Ungers, Oswald Mathias, 373

   “Towards a New Architecture” (with Reinhard Gieselmann), 374

   Grünzug Süd, 374

   Twente Polytechnic, 374

   German Embassy to the Vatican, 374

   Museums for Prussian Cultural Heritage, 374

Ungewitter, Gottlob

   Entwürfe zu Stadt- und Landhäusern, 178

Union of the Decorative Arts, 184

Unwin, Raymond, 270

   (with Barry Parker), Letchworth, 194

   Hamstead Gardens, 382

Upjohn, Richard, 149, 159

   Trinity Church in New York, 149, 150

   Church of the Pilgrams, 150

   Bowdoin College chapel, 150

Utzon, J⊘ rn

   Sydney Opera House, 349, 350

Vagnetti, Luigi, 362

Vágó, Józef, 266

Valdameri, Rino, 312

Val-De-Grâce, church of (Paris), 12

van Alen, William

   Chrysler Building, 279

Vanbrugh, John, 47, 48, 53, 59, 61, 63, 65, 115, 150, 402

   “Vanbrugh Castle,” 47, 48

   Castle Howard, 47, 52

   on “picturesque,” 51

   Blenheim Palace, 51

Van Brunt, Henry, 163, 188

   “Cast Iron in decorative Architecture, 152

   translator of Viollet-le-Duc’s Discourses on Architecture, 152

Van den Broek (J. H.) & Bakema (Jacob)

   Rotterdam Linjbaan, 360

Van der Vlugt, Leendert Cornelis, 244

van de Velde, Henry, 211, 213, 214, 223, 228, 230, 253, 273, 299, 325, 358

   cottage in Uccle, 212

   Die Renaissance im modernen Kunstgewerbe, 212

   on realism, 212

   importance of reason and logic, 212

   on empathy, 212

   Folkwang-Museum, 212

   ten countertheses, 234

   Weimar School of Applied Arts, 248

van Eyck, Aldo, 356, 357, 358, 361, 368, 371, 373, 388, 393, 400

   “Is Architecture Going to Reconcile Basic Values?”, 358

   orphanage in Amsterdam, 361, 371

   sculpture pavilion in Arnheim, 361

   views on architecture, 361

Van Gogh, Vincent, 224

Van Rensselaer, Mariana Griswwold, 187

Van Stigt (Joop) & Blom (Piet)

   “Children’s Village,” 371

Vasari, Georgio, xv, 30

Vaudoyer, Antoine-Laurent-Thomas, 70, 80

Vaudoyer, Jean, 82

Vaudoyer, Léonce, 79, 82, 125, 126

   “Architecture” in Revue encyclopédie, 82

   affranchissement de l’arcade, 125

Vatout, Jean, 124

Vaudremer, Émile, 163, 164

Vaux, Calvert, 158, 193

   Villas and Cottages, 160

Veblen, Thorstein, 167, 293

   Higher Learning in America, 293

   Engineers and the Price System, 320

Venet, Horace, 80

Venturi, Robert, 330, 363, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 409, 411, 414

   Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture, 378, 400, 401, 402, 403, 408

   “Context in Architectural Composition,” 400

   “A Justification for a Pop Architecture,” 402

Venturi, Robert & Scott Brown, Denise

   Learning from Las Vegas, 409

   “A Significance for A&P Parking Lots or Learning from Las Vegas,” 409, 410

   “On Ducks and Decoration,” 410

Venturi (Robert) and Rauch (John)

   North Penn visiting Nurse Association, 400

   Guild House, 399

Versailles, 46

   chapel, 10, 20

   Petit Trianon, 36, 37

Vesnin Brothers, Leonid, Victor, and Alexander, 239

   Palace of Labor, 239, 240

   Leningrad Pravda Building, 239, 240

Vico, Giambattista, 32, 33

Victoria and Albert Museum (originally Department of Practical Art), 120, 170, 171

Vidler, Anthony, 397, 414

Viel, Charles-François, 41

Viel de Saint-Maux, Jean-Louis, 43

   Lettres sur l’architecture, 41

   “poême parlant,” 41

Vienna Secession, 213, 214, 226, 228

Vignola, Giocomo Barozzi da, 3, 20, 323

   Villa Farnese, 396

Vilamajó, Juilio

   Engineering Building, University of the Republic, 344

Villalpanda, Jean Bautista, 1

Villanueva, Carlos Raúl

   Central University of Venezuela, 344

   Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène-Emmanuel, 82, 123, 126, 162, 196, 207, 219, 229, 259, 359

   restoration of Church of the Madeleine, 124

   restoration of Ste.-Chapelle, 124

   restoration of Notre-Dame de Paris, 124

   “On the Construction of Religious Buildings in France,” 124, 125

   Entretiens sur l’architecture, 126, 127, 128, 129

   Dictionnaire raisonné de l’architecture française, 126

   on medieval architecture, 126

   nationalist feelings, 126

   theme of style, 127, 128

   professor at Ecole des Beaux-Arts, 128

   use of iron, 129

   L’Art russe, 130

Vischer, Friedrich Theodor Vischer

   Aesthetik oder Wissenschaft des Schönen, 199

Vischer, Robert

   theory of empathy (Einfühlung), 199

Vitet, Ludovic, 124

   Vitruvius, 3, 5, 6, 9, 22, 24, 32, 41, 45, 64, 69, 74, 99

   on ratiocinatio, xv

Voelcker, John, 357, 358

Voltaire, 2, 14, 15, 18, 32, 91

von Roojen, Hannie, 361

Voysey, Charles F. A., 176, 188, 226, 315, 374

Waagen, Gustav Friedrich, 96

Wachsmann, Konrad, 327, 333, 349, 369

Wackenroder, Wilhelm, 92, 94

Wagner, Martin, 270, 273, 277, 307, 308, 309, 324

   Neue Bauwirtschaft, 250

Wagner, Otto, 192, 193, 211, 214, 219, 225, 228, 252, 258, 264, 266, 290, 299, 325

   Modern Architecture, 192, 205, 215

   Die Grossstadt, 192

   “a certain free Renaissance,” 204

   “utility style,” 204

   Stadtbahn project, 204

   inaugural address at Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, 205

   artistic forms arise from constructional motives, 205

   critique of Semper’s theory, 205, 206

   Postal Savings Bank, 206

   Empire phase, 206

   40 Wienzeile, 206, 214

   Franz Josef Stadtmuseum, 206

Wagner, Richard, 132, 133, 137

Wailly, Charles de, 26, 32, 93

Wainright, Jonathan, 149

Walcher, Jakob

   Ford oder Marx, 238

Walker, Ralph, 298

   Barclay-Vesey Building, 296

Wallace, George, 407

Wallot, Paul, 208, 226, 272

Walpole, Horace, 60, 86, 93

   “History of the Modern Taste in Gardening,” 53

   buildings at Strawberry Hill, 54, 62, 63, 84

Walter, Thomas U., 148, 150

   Girard College, 148

   Andalusia, 148

   Hiberian Hall, 148

   dome of Capitol, 148

   professorship at Franklin Institute, 148

   “On Modern Architecture, 148

Warburg, Aby, 313

Warchavchik, Gregori, 344

Ware, William Robert Ware, 163, 321

Ware and Van Brunt, 162

Ware, Isaac

   Complete Body of Architecture, 23, 50

   Designs of Inigo Jones and Others, 49

   The Four Books of Andrea Palladio’s Architecture, 49

Wärndorfer, Fritz, 214

Warren, Herbert Langford, 322

Warwick, Dionne, 367

Washington, Booker T., 185

Washington, George, 141, 143

Watkin, David, 63

Watteau, Jean-Antoine, 61

Weale, John

   launches Quarterly Papers on Architecture, 114

Webb, Benjamin, 90

Webb, John, 47

Webb, Michael, 367

   “Sin City,” 367

Webb, Philip, 172, 174, 226

   The Red House, 174, 178

Webber, Melvin, 410

   “The Urban Place and the Nonplace Urban Realm,” 409

Weber, Max, 406

Weese, Harry, 329, 330, 333

Weinbrenner, Friedrich, 94, 106, 107

   Architektonisches Lehrbuch, 102

Weissenhof Siedlung, 271, 273, 318

Wells, H. G., 293, 320

Welzenbacher, Lois

   Turmhotel Seeber, 266

Werenskiold, Erik, 183

Wertheimer, Max, 370, 399

Wettwer, Hans, 264

Wharton, Edith and Codman, Ogden

   The Decoration of Houses, 187

Whately, Thomas, 61, 93

   Observations on Modern Gardening, 60

   theory of character, 60

Wheaton, William, 402

Wheeler, Candace, 186

Wheler, George, 25

Whewell, William

   Architectural Notes on German Churches, 89

Whistler, James, 175

Whitaker, Charles Harris, 295

Whitaker, Richard, 399

White, Stanford, 164, 186, 189

Whitman, Walt, 153, 163, 164, 167, 189, 215, 220, 294, 319

   The Mystic Trumpeter, 162

Whittington, George Downing

   An Historical Survey of Eccesiastical Antiquities of France, 85, 124

Wiegmann, Rudolf

   review of Hübsch’s book, 109

   “Thoughts on the Development of a Contemporary National Style,” 110

Wiessenhof Siedlung, 273, 276

Wils, Jan, 242

Wightwick, George

   Hints to Young Architects, 158

Wijdeveld, Theo van der, 241

Wilde, Oscar, 176

Wilder, Thornton, 321

Wilhelm II, Emperor, 185, 235

Willard, Solomon, 145

Williams, David R., 338

Willis, Robert

   Remarks on the Architecture of the Middle Ages, 89

Willson, E. J., 86, 87

Wilkins, William, 74, 87, 115

   Downing College, 83

   Antiquities of Magna Graecia, 83

William IV, King, 86

Wilson, Colin St. John, 352

Wilson, Edmund, 246

Wilson, James Q, 386

Wilson, Woodrow, 236

Winckelmann, Johann Joachim, 24, 31, 33, 62, 73, 74, 76, 93, 106, 154, 166

   Anmerkungen über die Baukunst der Alten, 30

   Geschichte der Kunst der Alterthums, 28, 29, 30, 31

   Gedanken über die Nachahmung der griechischen Werke, 29

   four stylistic periods, 30

Wittkower, Rudolf, 44, 313, 339, 394

   Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism, 352

Wogenscky, André, 358

Wolff, Johann Heinrich

   address to Bamberg congress, 110

   Beiträge zur Aesthetik der Baukunst, 110

Wolff, Scott, 99

Wölfflin, Heinrich, 198, 209, 211, 240, 247, 324, 347

   “Prologomena to a Psychology of Architecture,” 199

   Renaissance and Baroque, 202

Wood, Elizabeth, 386

Wood, Robert, 30, 53

   trip to Palmyra and Baalbek, 25, 27

Wood, W. Halsey, 187

Woodbridge, John, 364

Woods, Shadrach, 357, 358

Woodward, Benjamin, 122

Woodward, Milton, 190

Wornum, Ralph, 170

   Analysis of Ornament, 171

Wörringer, Wilhelm, 240, 245

   Abstraktion und Einfühlung, 246

Wotton, Henry

   The Elements of Architecture, 45

Wren, Christopher, 44, 45, 48, 50, 86, 115, 148, 150

   trip to France, 46

   “tracts,” 46

   theory of beauty, 46

   on history, 47

Wright, Frank Lloyd, 80, 158, 166, 169, 188, 190, 204, 220, 223, 251, 252, 253, 258, 259, 267, 271, 279, 286, 291, 292, 294, 295, 296, 298, 299, 300, 302, 303, 325, 336, 346, 347, 349, 361, 364, 365, 396, 398

   “The Art and Craft of the Machine,” 189

   The Winslow House, 189

   Bagley House, 189

   Moore House, 189

   Heller House, 189, 221

   Husser House, 189, 221

   development of “Prairie House,” 220

   “Monolith Bank,” 220

   Larkin Building, 220, 280

   Unity Temple, 220–221, 223

   Bradley House, 221

   Hickox House, 221

   Willits House, 221

   Dana House, 221

   Cheney House, 221

   Martin House, 221, 397

   Coonley House, 221, 229

   Robie House, 221

   “In the Cause of Architecture,” 221

   notion of “organic,” 221

   Wasmuth essay, 222

   The Japanese Print: An Interpretation, 222

   Midway Gardens, 222, 299

   influence in Holland, 242

   National Life Insurance Company project, 282, 283, 292

   Imperial Hotel, 287, 345

   Hollyhock House, 288

   Barnsdall House, 288, 299

   “La Miniatura” (Millard House), 288, 299

   Doheny Ranch project, 288

   St. Marcos-in-the-Desert, 289

   St. Mark’s-in-the-Bouwerie Tower, 289, 296

   “In the Cause of Architecture,” 289

   review of Le Corbusier’s Towards a New Architecture, 289

   dispute with Henry-Russell Hitchcock, 289, 290

   “The Cardboard House,” 290

   Autobiography, 290

   “Of Thee I Sing,” 301

   Broadacre City, 319, 320, 367

   The Disappearing City, 319

   Usonian house, 320, 321

   Falling Water, 321, 347

   Johnson Wax Company, 321, 325, 347

   Taliesin West, 321

   Guggenheim Museum, 321

Wright, Henry, 295, 323

   Rehousing Urban America, 317, 318

Wundt, Wilhelm, 198, 201

Wurster, William, 313, 329, 333, 334, 337, 338, 346, 387, 398

Wurster, Bernardi & Emmons, 398

Wyatt, James, 83, 85, 86, 119

Wyatt, Lewis, 83

Wyatt, Matthew Digby, 118, 119

   Specimens of Geometric Mosaics of the Middle Ages, 119

   The Industrial Arts of the Nineteenth Century, 120

Yamada, Mamoru, 345

Yamaguchi, Bunzo, 345

Yamasaki, Minouru, 332, 368, 387–388, 391

Yamawaki, Iwao, 345

Yorke, Francis, 314

   The Modern House, 314

Zeckendorf, William, 392

Zeitgeist, 233, 260, 314, 324

Zevi, Bruno, 348, 356, 357, 377, 389, 396, 405, 406

   Verso un’architettura organica, 346

   founding of Association for Organic Architecture (APAO), 346

   Sapere vedere l’architettura (trans. Architecture as Space), 346, 347

   Storia dell’architettura moderna, 347

Zimmermann, Robert, 198

Zola, Émile

   Le ventre de Paris, 129

Zorn, Anders, 183

Zucchi, Carlo, 31

Zwirner, Ernst, 178