active mind, 64, 91, 92
Akston, Hugh, 124, 129, 130
alternative of life or death as basis for value, 20, 21, 24
altruism, 1, 112
as causing confusion about human relationships, 247
as explantion for impossibility of moral perfection, 238
as second-handed, 110
criterion of altruistic action, 255
egalitarianism as, 159
nature of, 38, 39
relation to friendship, 245, 287
relation to love, 293
relation to virtues, 102, 148, 149, 194, 205, 245, 252, 257
ambition, 217, 219, 222, 223, 225, 235, 289,
See also moral ambitiousness
Ambrose, St., 250
animals, 2, 20, 22, 44, 54, 57, 201, 206, 239, 275
Annas, Julia, 55
Anselm, St., 106, 168, 243
Aquinas, St. Thomas, 205, 243, 249, 250, 277
Aristotle, 33, 49–51, 61, 66, 221, 223, 257, 259, 275, 277, 278, 288, 290, 291, 299
art, 32, 45, 80, 199, 215, 298
Atlas Shrugged, 5, 8, 48, 57, 68, 107, 114, 115, 124, 127, 129, 137, 150, 159, 169, 184, 187, 195, 199, 200, 219, 224, 227, 228, 253, 255, 256, 264, 268, 269, 296
Augustine, St., 250, 276
autonomy, 108
Badhwar, Neera, 1, 254
Basil, St., 250
Biddle, Craig, 142
Binswanger, Harry, 45, 71, 155, 184
Blum, Lawrence, 39
Bond, E. J., 38
Bonevac, Dan, 40
Butler, Bishop Joseph, 165, 215, 301
Cabot, Richard, 87
Calhoun, Cheshire, 182
career, 30, 32, 80, 82, 90, 111, 112, 213, 215, 291, 292
causality, 67, 79, 143–145
character, 119, 129, 132, 136, 137, 140–142, 148, 152–154, 166, 175, 230, 231, 235, 237, 245
nature of, 51, 52
relation to virtue, 109, 136–144, 146, 148, 150, 152–154, 158, 160, 163, 164, 166, 168, 175, 181, 183, 187, 203, 205, 225, 226, 228, 231, 236, 249, 254, 262, 288
role in love and friendship, 290, 293, 295, 296, 298, 300, 301
traits of, 49, 50
charity, 4, 14–16, 129, 247–255, 257, 261, 264, 267, 268, 270, 274, 283, 287,
See also generosity
Chazan, Pauline, 226
choice to live, 22, 25, 200
Christ, 106, 248
Christianity, 198, 221, 268
coercion, See physical force
cognition, 50, 70, 72, 73, 89, 179, 181, 199, 206
competition (as opposed to conflict), 41, 42
compromise, 12, 111, 127, 161, 188–192
Comte, Auguste, 38
Comte-Sponville, Andre, 148, 194, 243, 248, 256, 257, 280
conceptualization, 4, 20, 21, 24, 54, 57, 65, 139
anti-concept, 218
fallacy of stolen concept, 24
confidence, 12, 37, 86, 164, 178, 184, 185, 221, 229, 230, 232, 243
courage, 4, 12, 142, 158, 178, 192–196, 247
courtesy, 266, 267, 272
creativity, 158, 203
D’Anconia, Francisco, 219
Dalai Lama, 248
Dent, N. J. H., 279
desert, 56, 138, 143, 145, 146, 158, 163, 167, 251, 256, 263, 295
dishonesty, 75, 76, 79, 80, 83–89, 93, 99, 102, 104, 150, 271,
See also honesty
Douglass, Frederick, 107, 108
drift, 63, 64,
See also evasion
duty, 4, 23, 39, 94, 135, 145, 149, 159, 165, 195, 249, 251, 252, 256, 268, 271, 282
egalitarianism, 11, 135, 156–159
egoism, 1–5, 7, 14, 15, 17, 24, 25, 40, 46, 48, 98, 135, 220, 253, 254, 260, 284
nature of, 3, 14, 23–26, 28, 32, 33, 36–40, 284, 300
popular images of, 5, 7, 120, 135, 287
relation to charity, 251–253
relation to friendship, 17, 288, 289, 292, 294, 295, 300, 301, 304
relation to fundamental virtues, 75, 88, 94, 135, 176
relation to generosity, 15, 259, 260, 264
relation to kindness, 267
relation to temperance, 16, 276, 277, 280, 282
Elia, John, 77, 193, 276
emergencies, 43, 96, 98, 104, 167, 194, 252, 265
emotionalism, 8, 17, 70, 71, 73, 74, 167, 169, 183, 217, 220, 264, 279
emotions, 8, 9, 32, 51, 52, 55, 58, 59, 62, 67, 70–73, 91, 100, 102–104, 110, 112, 120, 121, 125, 151, 159, 165, 167, 169, 177, 179, 181, 184, 193, 210, 222–224, 226, 253, 264, 267, 271, 289, 291, 294, 297
not tools of cognition, 72
ends, See goals
Epicureans, 277
etiquette, 100, 267
eudaimonia, 1–3, 32, 33, 277
eudaimonism, 284
evasion, 8, 63, 78, 85, 89, 90, 92, 139, 147, 148, 158, 187, 233, 281
evil, 11, 28, 64, 99, 143, 150, 151, 159–163, 169, 170, 172, 174, 191, 206, 225, 276
experts, reliance on, 117, 132–134
fact-value relationship, 50
fairness, See justice
faith, 55, 68, 70, 99, 106, 110, 117, 123, 125, 166, 205
faking, 8–10, 68, 76, 79, 81, 86, 88, 90, 92, 93, 102, 105, 148, 158, 159, 164, 168, 175, 294,
See also honesty,
See also evasion
fallibility, 8, 59, 60, 74, 114, 184, 187, 239
fear, 72, 73, 90, 179, 183, 184, 192
Floor, Anders, 170
flourishing, See happiness
focus, 8, 12, 53, 61–64, 68, 74, 89, 113, 114, 195, 196
Foot, Philippa, 2, 3, 6, 23, 61
force, See physical force
forgiveness, 11, 135, 164–169, 233, 247, 287
Fountainhead, The, 107, 109, 110, 112, 121, 130, 195, 199, 269, 293
Francon, Dominique, 121
Franklin, Benjamin, 240
freedom (political), 171, 172, 174, 271
free will, 59, 120, 139, 144, 171, 181
friendship, 17, 20, 32, 80, 108, 114, 132, 138, 163, 175, 177, 192, 199, 215, 253, 287–294, 298–301, 303,
See also love
Galileo, 106
Galt, John, 224
Galt’s Speech, 8, 48, 75, 110, 178, 225, 248, 296
Gaut, Berys, 2, 3, 6
Geach, Peter, 2
generosity, 14–16, 39, 104, 189, 219, 247, 256–265, 267, 268, 270, 273, 274, 283, 287,
See also charity
Ghate, Onkar, 69
goals, 3, 6, 8–10, 12, 13, 17, 20, 22–25, 27–36, 38, 41–43, 46, 60, 61, 64, 66, 78, 80, 85, 86, 95, 99, 110, 111, 120–123, 125, 130, 131, 137, 140, 146, 155, 157, 158, 166, 171, 179, 180, 184, 193, 196, 204, 206, 210, 211, 213, 216, 217, 220, 225, 228–230, 234, 235, 239, 240, 242, 255, 261, 264, 278, 281, 282, 288, 292, 298, 303
God, 106, 168, 205, 222, 232, 240, 243, 249, 268, 276, 277, 300
good will, 15, 39, 166, 252, 289
Gotthelf, Allan, 192, 276, 290
greed, 13, 198, 213, 217–221
Gregory, St., 250, 299
guilt, 86, 90, 136, 197, 237, 249, 264
Haber, Joram, 166
Halley, Richard, 199
Hampton, Jean, 1, 167, 227
Hand, Learned, 159
happiness, 3, 13, 18, 23, 24, 29, 30, 49, 51, 52, 190, 213, 215, 230, 277, 291
nature of, 28, 31–33, 82
relation to conventional virtues, 251–254, 257–262, 264–267, 271–274, 277–279, 281, 282, 287
relation to friendship, 288, 290, 294, 299–303
relation to honesty, 79, 85, 88, 92, 94, 100
relation to independence, 108, 118, 122, 124–126, 128–132, 134
relation to integrity, 176, 178–185, 188, 192–194, 196, 197
relation to justice, 139–141, 146–149, 151, 159, 161, 163, 165, 166
relation to pride, 222, 228–233, 235, 236, 241, 242
relation to principles, 33–38
relation to productiveness, 199, 204–206, 209, 213, 216, 218, 220
relation to rationality, 56, 57, 61, 65–67, 69, 73
hedonism, 4, 7, 27, 300
hierarchy of values, 15, 67, 133, 191, 195, 210, 213, 253–255, 258, 259, 265, 280, 283
honesty, 4, 8, 9, 11, 17, 50, 69, 74–80, 85–88, 91–94, 96, 98–100, 102, 104, 106, 137, 138, 149, 161, 167, 178, 182, 192, 202, 203, 244, 264, 281–283, 285,
See also dishonesty
Hospers, John, 143
Hugo, Victor, 186
Hume, David, 221, 244
humility, 14, 221, 222, 243–247, 277
Hursthouse, Rosalind, 1–4, 6, 51
independence, 8–10, 83, 86, 106–115, 117–119, 121–128, 130–134, 167, 171, 177, 182, 183, 192, 201–203, 220, 224, 285, 287, 293, 294
applied to children, 108
individual rights, See rights
integrity, 11, 12, 15–17, 69, 75, 96, 142, 161, 176–189, 192–197, 225, 259, 265, 273, 274, 281, 282, 285
intelligence, 8, 32, 62, 65, 133, 137, 142, 158, 237
interdependence, 10, 131
intrinsic value, 6, 11, 16, 25, 40, 240, 255, 264, 271
introspection, 14, 62, 232, 235
intuition not a means of knowledge, 55, 68, 70
Irwin, Terence, 299
justice, 4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 35, 36, 50, 58, 69, 74, 75, 80, 88, 96, 123, 135–140, 142–151, 154–160, 162, 164, 166–170, 172–175, 177, 182, 190, 191, 217, 223, 233, 250, 251, 256, 262–264, 271, 283, 285, 287, 296
Keating, Peter, 109, 110, 112, 121, 269
Kekes, John, 156
Khawaja, Irfan, 22
kindness, 14, 16, 39, 167, 247, 265–274, 283, 287
knowledge, 12, 45, 54, 62, 65, 66, 72
reason as only source of, 7, 52, 74
relation to generosity, 253, 269, 280, 291
relation to honesty, 10, 77, 81, 83, 88–93
relation to independence, 108, 110, 114, 122, 124, 126, 132, 133
relation to integrity, 178, 193, 195
relation to justice, 163, 165
relation to pride, 226, 228, 230, 232, 237, 238, 241, 243, 244
relation to principles, 35, 37, 47
relation to productivity, 45, 199, 200, 202, 204, 206, 209, 213
relation to rationality, 8, 44, 54, 56, 59, 61–65, 67, 74
Korsgaard, Christine, 1, 2
Kupfer, Joseph, 256, 257, 262
legal moralism, 174
Lewis, C. S., 221, 243, 245
life, 1–4, 6–13, 16–18, 20–34, 36–41, 43–46, 48–53, 55–57, 59–61, 63, 65–69, 72–74, 79–81, 83–87, 92, 94–96, 98–100, 102, 104, 105, 107–109, 112–119, 121–125, 127, 128, 130–132, 134, 135, 138, 140–142, 144, 146, 148–150, 152, 155, 157, 160–162, 168, 169, 171, 174, 175, 178, 181, 183, 186–188, 190, 191, 193–202, 204–206, 208–220, 223, 226–231, 233–236, 238, 241, 243, 247, 252–255, 259, 261, 263, 264, 266, 271–273, 276–279, 282, 284, 285, 288, 290–294, 301–303
conditions of, 6, 8, 12, 24, 25, 28, 29, 33, 44, 46, 50, 56, 57, 73, 88, 97, 98, 113, 118, 119, 131, 134, 147, 171, 184, 200–202, 210, 214, 225, 271, 278, 285
Locke, John, 115, 250
Lomasky, Loren, 248
love, 17, 53, 73, 132, 194, 220, 248–250, 253, 265–268, 271, 273, 281, 287–290, 292–304,
See also friendship
Maimonides, 217, 248, 268
Mallory, Steven, 199
man as a social animal, 128–130
manmade facts, 58
marriage, 62, 90, 138, 153, 192, 282, 302, 303
materialism, 4, 32, 217, 220
material values, 12, 127, 128, 161, 198–208, 210–215, 218–220, 227, 256,
See also values,
See also spiritual values
Mayhew, Robert, 69, 276
McClennen, Edward, 37
McFall, Lynne, 183
means of survival, 9, 30, 57, 61, 87, 95–97, 113, 118, 201,
See also life
mercy, 11, 91, 117, 164, 167–170, 247, 287
metaphysically given, the, 58, 59
Miles, Tom, 303
Milton, John, 110
moderation, 16, 275–279, 282,
See also temperance
modesty, 245
money, 13, 20, 81, 94, 95, 138, 139, 148, 155, 157, 160, 163, 169, 173, 208, 209, 215, 216, 219, 254, 255, 264, 268, 280,
See also wealth
Montaigne, 240
moral ambitiousness, 13, 222, 225, 231, 234, 235, 245,
See also ambition, See also pride
moral perfection, 13, 14, 222, 225, 226, 231–234, 236–243, 245, 295
moral sanction, 11, 94, 159–163, 166, 175, 191, 287
Mother Teresa, 249, 253
Mulligan, Midas, 124
Murphy, Jeffrie, 166, 168
Nagel, Thomas, 2, 39
Napoleon, 125
naturalism, 2, 3, 5, 284
needs, 2, 3, 6–9, 12, 15, 20–23, 27, 29, 31–35, 46, 49, 54, 57, 59–61, 77, 79, 114, 116, 127, 130, 131, 138–140, 147, 157, 171, 178, 186, 191, 199–205, 208, 210, 211, 214–216, 219, 220, 226–228, 230, 231, 236, 248–253, 255, 256, 267, 278, 284
Nozick, Robert, 296–298
objectivity, 3, 4, 7, 9–11, 13, 21, 25–27, 29, 31–33, 39, 41, 45–48, 53, 54, 60, 63, 78, 80, 82, 85, 86, 88, 92, 100, 108, 113, 116, 121, 125, 128, 137–139, 141, 146, 147, 150–153, 155, 156, 160, 161, 166, 168, 169, 176, 180, 183, 185, 190, 191, 193, 194, 197, 208, 209, 219, 240, 242, 254, 273, 282, 289, 291, 293, 294, 297, 301, 303
objectivity of values, 3, 7, 10, 11, 21, 26, 32, 46, 48, 54, 60, 63, 86, 88, 92, 100, 108, 116, 141, 160, 162, 169, 176, 180, 190, 191, 193, 194, 197, 219
Ogden, Archibald, 110
Ogilvy, James, 212, 213, 217
optional values, See values
Osterberg, Jan, 39
Pascal, Blaise, 250
Paul, St., 276
Peikoff, Amy, 69
Peikoff, Leonard, ix, 6, 24, 26, 30, 33, 38, 39, 49, 53, 54, 60, 62, 69, 70, 73, 74, 77, 79, 82, 84, 85, 89, 90, 97, 99, 102, 108, 115, 119, 120, 132, 136, 143, 148, 149, 151, 160, 162, 166, 168, 172, 174, 176, 178, 181, 183, 185, 188–191, 195, 196, 198, 199, 202, 206, 210–212, 217, 225, 226, 228, 229, 231, 236, 238, 241, 248, 255, 257, 261, 296, 301
Pelagius, 240
perfection, See moral perfection
physical force, 94–97, 99, 103, 109, 111, 171, 172, 175, 189
physical labor, 13, 199, 207, 219
Plato, 61, 257, 277, 278, 296, 298
pleasure, 27, 29, 70, 122, 130, 222, 261, 277, 278, 282, 288, 291, 293, 295, 300
Porter, Burton, 39
power-lusters, 109, 125
predation, 4, 39
Prichard, H. A., 2
pride, 8, 13, 14, 85, 122, 205, 221–227, 229, 231–236, 239, 241–244, 246, 285,
See also moral ambitiousness
primacy of consciousness, 188, 197
primacy of existence, 58–60, 63, 68, 74, 79, 93, 105, 108, 112, 147, 209
principles, 3, 7, 11, 12, 14, 22, 28, 33–38, 41, 43, 44, 47, 49–52, 54, 69, 73, 94–100, 102, 104, 110, 116, 118, 131, 137, 141–143, 157, 160, 161, 163, 171, 176–197, 215, 224, 225, 227, 230–235, 237, 238, 240–242, 252, 269, 283, 285
authority of, 7, 36, 38, 60, 69, 74, 87, 95, 96, 99, 188, 191, 232, 251, 274
productiveness, 8, 9, 12, 13, 44, 45, 63, 111, 127, 145, 170, 198–221, 233, 239, 271, 281, 285
psychological egoism, 24
psychologizing, 153
punishment, 11, 136, 138, 143, 144, 155, 162, 163, 168, 169, 174, 175, 206, 262
purpose, 8, 13, 17, 19, 23, 30–32, 51, 55, 56, 62–64, 94, 104, 108, 114, 126, 139, 140, 149, 151, 153, 155, 165, 172, 173, 188, 190, 197–200, 202, 204, 207, 209–212, 216, 227, 228, 230, 253
Railton, Peter, 23, 27
rational egoism, See egoism
rationality, 3, 4, 7–12, 14, 17, 37, 42, 44, 48, 52–61, 63–71, 73–75, 77, 78, 84, 91, 95, 96, 107, 110, 113–115, 118, 120, 122–125, 128, 129, 134, 135, 137, 141, 142, 149, 151–153, 169, 171, 176, 177, 179, 182–185, 187, 193, 197, 201, 203, 206, 207, 215, 220, 222, 227, 233, 234, 236, 237, 240, 241, 258, 264, 272, 277, 278, 280–283, 285
Rawls, John, 156
Rearden, Hank, 169, 219, 259, 264, 269
Rearden, Lillian, 257, 259
responsibility, 9, 67, 83, 107, 109, 114, 123, 127, 153, 158, 162, 203, 205, 220
Richards, Norvin, 244
rights, 11, 98, 157, 170–175, 219, 227, 251, 271
Roark, Howard, 52, 107, 110, 112, 113, 130, 131, 195, 269, 295, 298
Roberts, Robert C., 194
sacrifice, 10, 12, 15, 23, 37–39, 44, 110, 120, 127, 135, 148, 149, 162, 163, 176, 178, 186, 191, 194, 238, 252, 254, 256–261, 270, 273, 283, 290, 294, 300, 303
Salmieri, Greg, 69, 276
Schmidtz, David, 1
second-handedness, 109–112, 117–123, 125, 126, 131, 134, 142, 153, 161, 180, 246
self-confidence, See confidence
self-deception, 9, 77, 89–91
self-denial, 16, 238, 275, 277, 278, 282,
See also sacrifice
self-esteem, 1, 8, 12, 13, 21, 32, 85, 86, 125, 204, 205, 223, 226–231, 233, 234, 236, 244–246, 254, 272, 293, 294,
See also confidence
selfishness, See egoism
Sidgwick, Henry, 243
Singer, Peter, 249
Sitwell, Edith, 222
Skinner, B. F., 129
sloth, 198, 205
Smart, Alwynne, 168
Smith, Adam, 257
Snow, Nancy, 244
social metaphysics, 109,
See also second-handedness
Solomon, Robert, 198
Spinoza, Baruch, 222
spiritual values, 32, 112, 118, 127, 129, 199, 203–205, 215, 216, 218, 220, 232, 300,
See also material values
standard of value, See values
stolen concept, See conceptualization
strangers, regard for, 15, 16, 101, 154, 194, 253, 266, 271
subjectivism, 6, 25–27, 29, 31, 34, 152, 179, 192, 303
subsistence, 7, 28, 29, 46, 118, 219
suicide, 25, 69, 118
survival, See life
Taggart, Cherryl, 255, 256, 268, 296
Taggart, Dagny, 124, 253, 255, 268
Taggart, Jim, 268, 269, 296, 297
Taggart, Nat, 224
Taylor, Gabriele, 177, 185, 194
Telfer, Elizabeth, 291
temperance, 14, 16, 17, 247, 274–279, 281–283,
See also moderation
Tennant, Neil, 292
Tertullian, 250
Toohey, Ellsworth, 110
trade, 111, 116, 127, 130, 131, 142, 163, 189, 208, 253, 261
trader principle, 163
unconditional love, 295
values, 3, 5, 6, 8–13, 15–20, 22–28, 31–35, 44–46, 48, 52, 57, 59, 60, 63, 65, 67, 71–73, 80–82, 89–91, 94, 98, 99, 102, 103, 108, 109, 111, 113, 116–118, 121, 122, 127, 130–133, 138–144, 146–149, 151, 152, 155, 160–163, 168, 169, 175–180, 182–186, 190–196, 200, 201, 204, 206, 207, 210, 213, 216, 219, 225–228, 230–232, 235, 242, 243, 245, 251, 253–255, 258–261, 263–265, 269, 270, 272–274, 278–283, 288–291, 293, 294, 296–298, 301–304
optional values, 27, 30, 190, 265, 273, 274
standard of value, 6, 25, 27–32, 46, 102, 105, 117, 119, 169, 212, 214, 236
Van Ingen, John, 295
virtue ethics, 1–3, 5, 284
Vlastos, Gregory, 299
volition, See free will
von Eschenbach, Warren, 276
Wall, Steven, 291
Wallace, James, 2, 194, 256, 257, 266, 268, 270
weakness of will, 12, 196, 282
wealth, 45, 143, 156, 206, 213, 216–220, 226, 264, 298,
See also money
well-being, See happiness
white lies, 9, 100–104
Woodruff, Paul, 51, 276
Wynand, Gail, 109, 110, 269