ABECOR (Associated Banks of Europe Corporation)
acceptances
Accepting Houses Committee
Adenauer, Konrad
Ador, Jean
Ador, Vernes & Dassier
AEG
Africa
Agricultural Bank of Egypt
Akzept-und Garantiebank
Algemene Bank Nederland
Allgemeine Deutsche Credit-Anstalt
alternative management funds (hedge funds)
America, trade with Britain
American Acceptance Council
American banking system
American Civil War
American and Continental Corporation
American Depositary Receipts
American Express Company
American Stock Exchange
American War of Independence
Amsterdam
1840–75
decline of
defensive strategies
post First World War
trade and finance (eighteenth/nineteenth centuries)
Amsterdam Stock Exchange
Amsterdamsche Bank
André & Cottier
Angell, Norman
Anglo-Argentine Bank
Anglo-Austrian Bank
Anglo-Egyptian Bank
Anglo-Saxon capitalism
Antwerp
AOL
Argentina
J. S. Morgan & Co.'s influence in
Bazirgs' activities in
Armstrong & Cie
Arthur Anderson
Ashurst, Morris & Crisp (lawyers)
Asia
import of capital
trade with Britain
Asian dollar market
Associated Banks of Europe Corporation (ABECOR)
Associatie Cassa
Association financière de Genève
Aswan Dam
AT&T
Australia, import of capital
Austria
Belgian loan to
British loans to
Dutch loans to
German loans to
Prussian defeat
Swiss loans to
Austria-Hungary
German investment in
Austrian War of Succession
Autostrade Italiane
B. L. Fould & Fould-Oppenheim
Bachmann, Gottlieb
Backhouse, Jonathan
Bagehot, Walter
Baghdad railway
Bahamas
Bahrain
Baker & McKenzie
Balfour Williamson & Co.
Balkans, German investment in
Baltic Coffee House
Baltic Exchange
Baltimore
Bamberger, Ludwig
Banca Commerciale Italiana
Banca di Roma
Banca Nazionale del Lavoro
Banco Ambrosiano
Banco Hispano Americano
Banco Suizo-Sudamericano (Schweizerische-Südamerikanische Bank)
Bank Act (1844)
Bank Acts (1863 and 1864)
Bank deutscher Länder
Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
Bank für elektrische Unternehmungen (Elektrobank)
Bank für Handel und Industrie in Darmstadt (Darmstädter Bank)
Bank für orientalische Eisenbahnen
Bank in Winterthur
Bank of America
Bank of Australasia
Bank of British North America
Bank of Egypt
Bank of England
Court of Directors
during First World War
during Second World War
1875–1914
and Eurobonds
founding of
and New York crisis (1907)
in nineteenth century
post First World War
post Second World War
post stock market crash
Bank of Japan
Bank of London and South America (BOLSA)
Bank of Manhattan
Bank of Montreal
Bank of Netherlands (Nederlandsche Bank)
Bank of Prussia
Bank of the United States
Bank One
Bank vour Handel en Scheepvaart
Bankers Magazine
Bankers Trust
Bankers Trust International
Banking Act (Glass-Steagall Act) (1933)
banking clubs (European)
banking consortia
Banque belge pour l'étranger
Banque Cassel et Cie
Banque Centrale Anversoise
Banque commerciale pour l'Europe du Nord
banque d'affaires
Banque d'Alsace et de Lorraine
Banque de l'Algérie
Banque de Belgique
Banque de Bruxelles
Banque de Crédit et de Dépôts des Pay-Bas
Banque de France
during 1920s
during First World War
during Second World War
1840–75
1875–1914
and French franc
founding of
and the haute banque
nationalisation of
and universal currency
Banque française du Brésil
Banque française du commerce extérieur
Banque d'Escompte Suisse
Banque de Dépôts et de Crédit
Banque de Genève
Banque de l'IndoChine
Banque de la Société Genérale
Banque de l'Union Parisienne
Banque de Paris
Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas (Paribas)
1875–1914
and the Eurobond market
founding of
in Geneva
post First World War
post Second World War
mergers and acquisitions
and the universal currency
Banque de Savoie
Banque du Commerce
Banque Empain
Banque Européene de Crédit à moyen terme (BEC)
Banque Française d'Acceptation
Banque Générale
Banque Générale Suisse
Banque Générale Suisse de Crédit International Mobilier et Foncier
Banque Internationale de Bruxelles
Banque internationale de Petrograd
Banque Intra
Banque Italo-belge
Banque Lambert
Banque Liégeoise
Banque Nationale de Belgique
Banque Nationale de Crédit (BNC)
Banque nationale de Paris (BNP)
Banque Nationale pour le Commerce et l'Industrie (BNCI)
Banque nouvelle des chemins de fer
Banque pour le commerce suisse-israélien
Banque russo-chinoise
Barclay, Tritton, Bevan & Co.
Barclays Bank
executive board
Barclays Bank DCO (Dominion, Colonial and Overseas)
Barclays Bank (France)
Barclays BZW
Bardac N.J & S.
Barent Cohen, Hannah
Barnett, Hoare & Co.
Baring, Alexander
Baring, John (second Lord Revelstoke)
Baring Brothers & Co.
1780–1840
1840–75
1875–1914
in 1920s
and American railways
Argentine loans
effect of First World War
Baring Crisis
Bartholony, François
Basel Accords
Basle
Basler Handelsbank
Bayerische Hypotheken und Wechsel Bank
BEC (Banque Européene de Crédit à moyen terme)
Béchet, Dethomas & Cie
Belgian Générale de Banque
Belgium
banking innovation in
banking legislation in 1930s
export of capital
French loans to see also Brussels
Bell, Alexander Graham
Belmont, Auguste
Berkshire, John
Berlin
big banks in
competition with London
decline of
during First World War
during Second World War
effects of German inflation
effects of stock market crash
export of capital
German mark crisis
limits to expansion (1875–1914)
in nineteenth century
origins and development as a financial centre
overseas banks (1875–1914)
post Second World War
rise of
social status in
state intervention
wealth in
Berlin Börse
Berlin City Bank (Berlin Stadtbank)
Berlin-Stettin
Berliner Handels-Gesellschaft
and stock market crash
Berliner Handelsgesellschaft und Frankfurter Bank
Bern
Bersarin, General Nikolaï
Bethmann-Hollweg, Chancellor
Bethmanns Bank
Bethmanns family
Big Bang' (1986)
Big Bang', Japanese (1997)
bill brokers
bills of exchange
bimetallic system
Birmingham & Midshires Bank
BIS (Bank for International Settlements)
Bischoffsheim & Goldschmidt
Bischoffsheim family
Bischoffsheim, Jonathan-Raphaël
Bischoffsheim, Louis
Bismarck, Otto Edward Leopold von
Bizone
Blanc, Jean-Antoine
Bleichröder Bank
Bleichröder, Gerson von
Bleichröder, Han von
Bleichröder, James von
Bleichröder, Samuel
Bloc des droites
Blount, Edward
Brassey, Thomas
Blyth & Co.
BNC (Banque Nationale de Crédit)
BNCI (Banque Nationale pour le Commerce et l'Industrie)
BNP (Banque nationale de Paris)
Boer War
Boisanger, Yves de
BOLSA (Bank of London and South America)
Bolton, Sir George
Bonaparte, Napoleon
Bonbright & Co.
Bonn
Bonna Bank
Bordier & Cie
Börsengesetz (1896)
Boston
Bourbon restoration
Bourse see Paris Bourse
Boyd, Walter
Brandt, William Sons & Co
Brasilianische Bank für Deutschland
Brazil, loans to
Bretton Woods Agreement
Brinkmann, Wirz & Co.
Britain
banking and financial wealth in
benefits and costs of financial centre to
capital flows during First World War
direct investment
the dominant economy
economic policy (nineteenth century)
export of capital
investment in American railways
loans to finance French war
loans to Latin America
loans to Netherlands
loans to Prussia
losses incurred during First World War
overseas banks
overseas trade
railways
trade with Dutch
and the universal currency see also City of London
British Empire
British South Africa Company
brokers
Brown, Gordon
Bruckhaus Deringer
Brugmann & Cie
Brugmann, Frédéric
Brüning, Chancellor
Brussels
1780–1840
1850–75
1875–1914
Brussels Stock Exchange
Buenos Aires
Bundesbank
Burmah Oil
Butterfield & Swire
C. J. Hambro, Sons & Co.
Caisse commerciale de Paris
Caisse d'Epargne
Caisse d'escompte
Caisse d'escompte du commerce
Caisse des comptes courants
Caisse des dépôts et consignations
Caisse du commerce et de l'industrie (Turin)
Caisse Générale du Commerce et de l'Industrie
Caisse générale du commerce et des chemins de fer
Caisse Hypothécaire
Caisse Laffitte
Caisse nationale du crédit agricole
Camondo I. & Cie
Canada, German investment in
Candolle, Mallet & Cie
Candolle, Turretini & Cie
Capital and Counties Bank
Caribbean, German investment in
Cassel & Cie
Cassel, Ernest
Cassel, Germain
Cavour, Camille Count
Caxton Corporation
Cayman Islands
Cazenove
Central America, import of capital
Central Bank of London
Central Hanover Bank
Central Mining Corporation
Chalmers, Guthrie & Co.
Chalmers, Guthrie & Co.
Change Alley
Chaponnière & Cie
Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China
Chase Manhattan
Chase National Bank
Chemical Bank
Chenevière & Cie
Chicago
derivatives in
Chicago Board of Trade
Chicago Board Options Exchange
Chicago International Monetary Market
Chicago Mercantile Exchange
China
Chinese Cultural Revolution
Chrysler
Churchill, Winston
CIC (Société Générale de Crédit Industriel et Commercial)
Citroën
City of London
bankers of
big banks (1875–1914)
commodity markets
decline of
effect of French wars on
effect of Second World War
in the eighteenth century
Eurobond issues
Euromarkets (and its rebirth)
export of capital
finance of railways
and First World War
foreign loans
independence from government
insurance market (1950s)
insurance companies
international trade
investment trusts (1875–1914)
joint-stock banks in
merchant banks (1875–1914)
New York's dependence on
in the nineteenth century
in the 1930s
operating mechanisms
overseas banks (1950s)
post Second World War
preeminence of in eighteenth/nineteenth centuries
professional services (1875–1914)
regulation in
rise of (eighteenth/nineteenth centuries)
rivalry with New York
rivalry with Paris
social status in
and stock market crisis
strengths and weaknesses (1920s)
trade and finance (1875–1914)
in the twenty-first century
as world financial capital
world trade and
and universal currency see also Bank of England; London Stock Exchange
Citibank
Citibank (see National City Bank)
Citicorp and Travelers
Citigroup
Clifford Chance
cold war
Cologne
Cologne-Minden (railway company)
Colonial Bank
Colonial and Foreign Banks
Comité d'Organisation des Banques
Commercial Bank of Australia
commercial banks, effect of Second World War
Commercial Union Assurance Company
Commerzbank
post Second World War
Commerz-und Disconto Bank
Common Market
Commonwealth Bank of Australia
Comptoir d'escompte de Genève
Comptoir d'escompte de Paris
Compagnie des Agents de Change
Compagnie des Entrepôts et Magasins Généraux
Compagnie des Indes
Compagnie Générale d'Assurances sur la Vie
Compagnie Générale des Chemins de Fer Secondaries
Comptoir Générale du Commerce et des Chemins de Fer
Comptoir national d'escompte de Paris
computers
Confederation of the Rhine
Consolidated and Petroleum Stock Exchange
Consolidated Goldfields
Constantinople
Cooke & Co.
Cooke, Jay
Cooper Brothers
Corinth Canal
Cortelyou, George
Coste, Pierre
Coutts & Co.
Crédit-Anstadlt (Vienna)
Crédit commercial de France
Crédit du Nord
Crédit foncier
Crédit Lyonnais
during 1960s
during Second World War
effect of First World War
and Eurobond market
founding of
in Geneva
growth of (1875–1914)
in London
Crédit Mobilier
Crédit national
Credit Suisse
during 1960s
during 1970s
during late twentieth/early twenty-first centuries
during Second World War
founding of
growth of
international activity
wealth management
Crédit Suisse First Boston
Creditanstalt-Bankverein
Credito Italiano
Cromer, Lord (governor of the Bank of England)
Crommelin, D. & Sn
Cuba, German investment in
Cunliffe, Lord Walter
curb market (New York)
currency, status of
Czarnikow (merchants)
Dai-Ichi Kangyo Bank
Daimler Benz
Daiwa Bank
Delbrück, Schickler & Co.
Danat Bank
Darier Bank
Darmstadt
Darmstädter Bank (Bank für Handel und Industrie in Darmtadt)
Dassier, Auguste
Davillier, Sanson
Dawes Loan
Dawes Plan
Dawes, Charles
De Beers Consolidated
de Candolle, Mallett & Cie
de Candolle, Turrettini & Cie
De Nederlandsche Bank
Dean Witter
Delbrück, Adelbert
Delessert banking house
Delessert, Etienne
Deloitte & Co.
Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Delors, Jacques
Delors Report
Demachy Seilliere (House of)
Denmark
Dutch loans to
Swiss loans to
deregulation
Deutsche-Asiatische Bank
Deutsche Bank
1875–1914
in Brussels
during First World War
and effects of inflation
and Eurobond market
executive board
founding of
in London
mergers and acquisitions
and Nazi Germany
post Second World War
Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft
Deutsche Orientbank
Deutsche Petroleum
Deutsche Südamerikanische Bank
Deutsche Termin Börse (DTB)
Deutsche Überseeische Bank
Deutsche Überseeische Elektrizitäts Gesellschaft
Development Bank of Singapore
Dillon Read and Co.
Disconto-Gesellschaft
1875–1914
acquisitions
during First World War
founding of
post First World War
and the Prussian Consortium
Discount Bank (Overseas)
Disraeli, Benjamin
Docks Napoléon
dollar, devaluation of
Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette
Donon, Armand
Dow Jones
Dresdner Bank
1875–1914
during Second World War
founding of
post Second World War
and stock market crash
Drexel Burnham Lambert Bank
Drexel & Co.
Drexel, Morgan & Co.
DTB (Deutsche Termin Börse)
Du pont de Nemours
Dufour, Louis
Dusseldorf
Dutch East India Company
Dutch Indies
Dutch Trading Company (Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij)
E. Johnston & Co. (House of)
EAB (European American Banking Corporation)
East India Company
EBIC (European Banks International Company)
EBICEM
EBICREDIT
EBILEASE
ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community)
ecu
Edge Act (1919)
Edward VII, King
Eeghen & Co., Van
Eichthal, Adolphe d' (Baron d'Eichthal)
Eidgenössische Bank
Elektrobank (Bank für elektrische Unternehmungen)
Empain, Edouard
England, economic prosperity
English banking system
Engler, J.
Enron
Erie Canal
Erlanger, family
Ernest Pictet Bank
Errera, Jacques
Errera-Oppenheim Bank
Escher, Alfred
Est railway company
Eurex
euro
Eurobonds
American banks and
Frankfurt and
London and
Luxembourg and
Switzerland and
Eurocredits
in Hong Kong
London and
Eurodollars
Americans banks and
in Asia
Japan and
London and
Euronext
Europartners
Europe, import of capital
European Advisory Committee
European American Banking Corporation (EAB)
European Banking Company (EBC)
European Banks International Company (EBIC)
European Central Bank
European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)
European Community
European growth (1950–73)
European Monetary Institute
European monetary system crisis
European Monetary Union
exchange control, abolition of
exchange rate system
fixed (end of)
Exxon
Falckenstein, General Vogel von
Fama, Eugen
Family Office
Farrer, Gaspard
Federal Banking Commission (Switzerland)
Federal Reserve Bank of New York
Federal Reserve Board
during Second World War
Federal Reserve System
Fedk. Huth & Co.
Fenn's Compendium
Ferrier, Darier & Cie
Ferrier Lullin bank
financial elites
Financial Modernisation Act (1999)
financial revolution (eighteenth century)
Financial Services Authority
Financière Meeschaert
Finanzplatz Deutschland
Finlay & Co.
First Boston
First National Bank
First National City Bank
First World War
capital flows during
crisis management during
legacy of
transformation of business life
Fleming, Robert
Foreign & Colonial Government Trust
foreign exchange transactions (1982–2004)
Foreign Trade Bank
Foster & Braithwaite
Fould, Benedict
Fould, Berr-Léon
Fould, B. L. & Fould-Oppenheim
Foulds family
Founders Group
France
benefits and costs of Paris to
capital flows during First World War
deposit banks and
export of capital
Front Populaire government
losses during First World War
occupation expenses
railways see also Paris
Franco-Prussian War (1870–71)
Frank, Theodor
Frankfurt
1780–1840
1840–75
effect of German unification
Eurobonds
in the late twentieth/early twenty-first centuries
post Second World War
wealth in
Frankfurt Börse
Frankfurter Bank
Frankfurter Bankverein
Franks, Lord (chairman of Lloyds Bank)
Frederick the Great
free-standing companies
French American Banking Corporation
French colonial empire
French debt, finance from Geneva,
French franc
devaluation of
French Revolution
French wars
and Frankfurt markets
and Geneva
Freshfield & Sons (lawyers)
Frühling & Goschen
Fuji Bank
Fürstenburg, Carl
Fürstenburg, Hans
Galopin Forget Bank
Ganneron, Hippolyte
Gans & Cie
Garnier-Pagès, Louis-Antione
GATT
General Electric
General Motors
Générale de Banque
Geneva
1780–1840
1840–75
1875–1914
banking crisis (post stockmarket crash)
at the dawn of twenty-first century
foreign investment
post Second World War
Geneva Stock Exchange
George Peabody & Co.
Germain, Henri
Germany
banking legislation in (1930s)
capital flows during First World War
capital transfers during Second World War
currency
during First World War
Dutch loans to
economy (late twentieth century)
migration of bankers to Paris
international competitiveness
merchant bankers from London in
railways
unification of
universal banks in
universal currency
Gesfürel
Gladstone, William
Glass-Steagall Act (1933)
Glyn, George Carr
Glyn, Hallifax, Mills & Co.
Glyn, Mills & Co.
Glyn, Mills, Currie & Co.
Glyns Bank
globalisation
Britain as centre for
expanding trade
free movement of people
imperialism and
international capital flows
responsibility for
and telecommunications
transport revolution and
gold
coins
monometallism
Gold Market
gold standard
during First World War
France's return to
Germany's abandonment of
Germany's adoption of
London's abandonment of
post First World War
‘golden age' (1900–14)
benefits and costs
material wealth in
social status in
golden age (1945–80) (Les Trentes Glorieuses)
European growth during
state intervention during
Goldman Sachs Group
Goldman Sachs Trading Corporation
Goldschmidt family
Goldschmidt-Rothschild, Baron Max von
Goldschmidt, B. A., & Co.
Goll & Co.
Gontards bankers
Goodenough, Frederick
Goschen & Cunliffe
Goschen, Georges J.
Grand Trunk Railway Company (Canada)
Gray-Pecora investigation
Great Depression
Great Fire of London (1666)
Greenwich (Connecticut)
Gresham, Thomas
Groupement des banquiers privés genevois
Guaranty Trust Company of New York
Guebert bankers
Guinness
Guttmann, Eugen
Gwinner, Arthur
Haber, de, family
Haber, Maurice
Haber, Salomon (baron of Baden)
Halsey Stuart & Co.
Hambro, C. J., Sons & Co.
Hambro, Carl Joachim
Hambro, Charles
Hamburg
decline of
post Second World War
Hamilton, Alexander
Hansemann, David
Hanson, Lord
Hentsch & Cie
Harrision & Crosfield
Hausmann, Georges Eugène, Baron
1840–75
1875–1914
during the 1920s
founding of
involvement in railways
Protestants in
Havenstein, Rudolf von
hedge funds (alternative management funds)
Heine banking house
Henri Hentsch & Cie
Hentsch, Charles
Hentsch, Edouard
Hentsch, Henri
Herriot, Edouard
Hesse-Nassau
Hicks-Beach, Michael
Hilferding, Rudolf
Hirsch, Maurice de
Hitler, Adolph
Hobson, John A.
Holden, Edward
Hong Kong
financial crisis in
Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
Hoover, Herbert
Hope & Co. Bank
Horstman & Co
Hottinguer (House of)
Hottinguer, Jean-Conrad
Hudson river
‘Huguenot International'
Huguenot Refugees
Huskisson, William
Huth, Fredk. & Co.
HypothekenBank
IBM
Icahn, Carl
ICI
IG Farben
Iklé, Max
Illinois Central
Imperial Group
Imperial Loan Consortium (‘Prussian Consortium')
Imperial Ottoman Bank
imperialism
Indèlec (Société Suisse pour l'Industrie Electrique)
India, British trade with
Industrial Revolution
innovation
derivatives
theory and practice of
Institute of Bankers
Inter Alpha
Interest Equalization Tax
abolition of
International Acceptance Bank
International Monetary Fund
International Telegraph and Telephone (ITT)
investment groups
Irving, Reid & Co.
Italy
effects of stock market crash
borrowing during First World War
J. G. Lombard & J.-J. Lullin
J. Henry Schröder Banking Corporation
J. Henry Schröder & Co.
J. P. Morgan Chase
J. P. Morgan & Co. see Morgan, J. P. & Co.
J. S. Morgan & Co. see Morgan, J. S. & Co.
J. W. Seligman & Co.
Jackson, President Andrew
Jackson, Frederick Huth
Jacobins
Jamaica Coffee House
Japan
Japhet, S.
Jefferson, Thomas
Jenks, Leland
Jersey
Jerusalem Coffee House
Jewish bankers
in France (during Second World War)
in Frankfurt
German
in Nazi Germany
jobbers
Johnston, E. & Co. (House of)
joint-stock banks
joint-stock deposit bank, model of
Jonathan's Coffee House
Jones, Lloyd & Co.
Jones, Paul Tudor
junk bonds
Kaskel, Karl and Felix von
Keynes, John Maynard
Kidder, Peabody & Co.
Kleinwort, Sons & Co.
during First Word War
during the 1920s
and Eurodollars
stock market crash
Knickerbocker Trust Company
Knoop, L. & Co.
Kohlberg, Kravis, Roberts
Königswater, Julius
Kovner, Bruce
KPMG
Krediet bank
Kuhn, Abraham
Kuhn, Loeb & Co.
L'Immobilière
Labour government, resignation of (1931)
Laffitte, Blount & Cie
Lafitte, Charles
Lafitte, Jacques
Lambert Bank
Lambert family
Lambert, Léon
Lambert, Samuel
Latin America
British and French investment in
European trade with
Latin Monetary Union
Laval. Pierre
Lazard Brothers
Lazard Frères
Lazard-Speyer-Ellissen
Le Havre
League of Nations Financial Committee
League of Nations Loans
Lecouteulx (House of)
Lee, Higginson & Co.
Leeson, Nick
Lefebvre, Francis
Lehman Brothers
Lenoir, Jean David
Leipzig
Lenin, Vladimire Ilyich
Lenoir Poulin Bank
Leopold II, King
Lidderdale, William
LIFFE (London International Financial Futures Exchange)
Liverpool
Liverpool, Lord
Lloyd, Edward
Lloyds tavern
Lloyd, Howard
Lloyd and National Provincial Foreign Bank
Lloyds Bank
in Geneva
in Paris
Lloyds of London
Loeb, Salomon
Loire, mines of the
Lombard, J. G. & Lullin, J.-J.
Lombard loans
Lombard, Odier & Cie
Lombard Odier Darier Hentsch (LODH)
Lombard Street
Lombardverbot
London see City of London
London and Brazilian Bank
London and County Bank
London and County Banking Co.
London County and Westminster Bank
London and Midland Bank
London and River Plate Bank
London and Westminster Bank
London Assurance Company
London Clearing House
London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE)
London Joint Stock Bank
London Metal Exchange
London Stock Exchange
1840–75
1875–1914
and the Big Bank
comparison with New York
during First World War
during Second World War
founding of
listing of foreign loans (1823)
post Second World War
in 1920s
London, Port of
Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM)
Louis XIV
Louis XVIII
Louis Dreyfus & Cie
Louis-Philippe, King
Louisiana, purchase of
Lullin, Masbou, Aubert & Cie
Luxembourg
Lyons
Lysis vs. Testis
M. A. Rothschild & Söhne
M. M. Warburg & Co.
under the Nazi regime
Maastrict Treaty
MacDonald, Ramsay
Magnus, F. Mart
Mainz
Mallet, Guillaume
Mallet, Isaac
Mallet, Isaac-Jean-Jacques
Mallet Frères
Manchester
Mannesmann
Mannheim
Mannheimer, Fritz
Manufacturers Hanover Bank
Manufacturers Trust
Marché à Terme des Instruments
Financiers (MATIF)
Marché à Terme International de France
Marché des Options Négociables de Paris (MONEP)
Marconi, Gugliermo
Marcus Samuel & Co.
marine insurance
mark (German):
crisis
during 1960s
Markowitz, Harry
Marseilles
Marshal Plan
Martin & Co.
Masterman, Peters & Mildred
MATIF (Marché à Terme des Instruments Financiers)
McAuliffe, Davis & Hope
McKenna, Reginald
McKinseys, consultants
Méline tariff
Mellon, Andrew
Mendelssohn & Co.
during the 1920s
and railway business
under the Nazis
merchant banks
between 1875 and 1914
disappearance of
during 1920s
during 1950s
effect of First World War
effect of Second World War
and stock market crisis
merchant houses
Merrill Lynch
Meriweather, John
mergers and acquisitions (1980–2005)
Merton, Robert
Mettenius, J. G.
Mettenius, JG
Metzler (bank)
Metzler, Friedrich von
Mevissen, Gustav
Mexico
German investment in
Meyer, André
Midi railway company
Midland Bank
and banking clubs
and banking consortia
between 1875 and 1914
effect of First World War
effect of Second World War
and Eurodollars
post First World War
post Second World War
Midland and International Banks Limited
Midtown
migration
Milken, Michael
Miller, Merton
Mincing Lane
Mines d'Anzin
Mirabaud Bank
Mitchell, Charles
Mitsubishi Tokyo
Mitterrand, François
Mitteldeutsche Creditbank
Mobil
Modigliani, Franco
MONEP (Marché des Options Négociables de Paris)
Monetary Authority of Singapore
Montagu, Samuel
Montagu, Samuel & Co.
Moreau, Emile
Moret, Emile
Morgan Chase, J. P.
Morgan Grenfell & Co. see also George Peabody & Co.; Morgan, J. S. & Co.
Morgan, Harjes & Cie
Morgan, J. P. & Co.
during First World War
during 1920s
mergers
Morgan, J. S. & Co.
founding of
activities and growth betwwen 1875–1914
Morgan, John Pierpont
Morgan, Junius Spencer
Morgan Stanley & Co.
Morny, Duke of
Moore Capital Management
Munich
Mynors, Humphrey
N. M. Rothschild & Sons
Naples (Kingdom of) loans to
Napolean III
Napoleonic wars
NASDAQ
National Bank für Deutschland
National Bank of Egypt
National Bank of India
National Bank of South Africa
National Bank of Turkey
National City Bank
National City Company
National Provincial Bank of England
National Westminster Bank
Nationale, La (Assurance)
nationalism
Natwest Market
Nazis, and banking legislation
Necker, Jacques
Nederlandsche Bank (Bank of Netherlands)
Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschppij (Dutch Trading Company)
Nederlandsche Middenstandbank
Netherlands
export of capital see also see also Amsterdam
Nettine Bank
Neufville, de
Neuman, Luebeck & Co
Neumann, Sir Sigmund
Neuflize, de Bank
‘new bank'
New Deal legislation
New York
1840–75
1945–80
acceptances and foreign issues
and American stocks
commercial banks in
competition with London
and devaluation of the pound
effects of First World War
effects of Second World War
financial architecture
holdings of public utilities
insurance companies
investment banks
investment trusts
liberalisation (1970s)
limited internationalism
national banks
national currency (1950s)
rise of
portfolio management
social status in
state intervention
trust companies
in the twenty-first century
wholesale/retail bank mergers see also Federal Reserve System
New York Futures Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
abolition of fixed commissions
1875–1914
during 1920s
during 1950s
during 1980s
during Second World War
founding of
overtaken by Tokyo
in the twenty-first century
and Wall Street Crash
Nicole, Lèon
Nikkei
Nikko Bank
Nobel Dynamite Trust
Nomura
Nord railway company
Norddeutsche Bank
Norman, Montagu
North America, import of capital
Northern Pacific
Oddo & Cie
Office Suisse de Compensation
Omnium
OPEC
Oppenheim family
Oppenheim, Abraham
Oppenheim, Hélène
Oppenhiem, Salomon
Oppenheim, Sal. Jr. & Cie
Orion Bank
Österreichische Landerbank
Österreichische Bodenkreditanstalt
Ottoman Bank
Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Public Debt Administration
Ouest railway company
Ouest-Suisse railway
overseas banks
Overstone, Lord
Paccard, Ador & Cie
Paccard, Barthélemy
Paccard, Constant
Paccard, D.M. & Cie
Paccard, Dufour & Cie
Paine Webber
Panchaud, Isaac
Parieu, Félix Esquirou de
Paribas see Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas
Paris
1780–1840
1840–75
1870–1914
acceptances
ancien régime and the revolution
big banks in
comparative advantages of
during First World War
during late twentieth/early twenty-first century
during Second World War
and Eurobond market
export of capital
financial architecture
foreign issues
French franc crisis
Genevan banks in
international activity
international competitiveness
international trade
liberalisation of capital market
nationalisations
new banks in
overseas banks
post First World War
post Second World War
post stock market crash
rivalry with London
state intervention
Swiss bankers in
wealth in see also haute banque
Paris Bourse
1780–1840
1840–75
1875–1914
Paris-Orléans railway company
Parr's Bank
Passavant, Bertrand & Cie
Peabody, George
Pease, Edward
Pereire, Emile and Isaac
Périer, Claude
Perrégaux (House of)
Perrégaux Lafitte & Cie
Perrégaux, Jean-Frédéric
Peto, Samuel
petrodollars, recycling of
Phénix, Le (Assurance)
Philadelphia
Philippson, Franz
Pickens, Thomas B.
Picot, Faxy & Cie
Pictet, Guillaume
Pictet, M. M., & Cie
Piedmont
Pillet-Will, Frédéric
Pinard, Alphonse
Pitt, William
PLM railway company
Poincaré, Raymond
Port of London
Portugal
pound
crisis of 1929
devaluation of (1967)
recovery of post First World War
Poyais
Preussische Bank
Price Waterhouse
PricewaterhouseCoopers
private banks
Privatbanken
Proehl & Gutmann
protectionism
Protestant bankers
Prudential Assurance Company
Prussia
‘Prussian Consortium' (The Imperial Loan Consortium)
Pury, Albert de & Cie
Pujo Commission
Quakers
Quantum Fund
Quatuor
railways
expansion of
investment in
involvement of Parisian haute banque in
Ralli Brothers
Rand Mines
Raphael, R.
Raphael, R. & Sons
Raphael, S. & Co.
Rathenau, Walter
RCA (Radio Corporation of America)
Reagan, Ronald
Reed, Howard C.
Regie des Téléphones et Télégraphes
regulation
Regulation Q
Reichsbank
during First World War
during Second World War
founding of
and the Lombardverbot
post First World War
post Second World War
post stock market crash
Reichskreditkasse
religion
Reparations Commission
Réunion Financière
Reverdin, Jacques
Rheinisch-Westfälische Bank
Richelieu, Duke of
Richtenberger, Lazare
Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and
Efficiency Act (1994)
Rio Tinto Zinc Mines
Rist, Charles
RJR Nabisco
Robert Benson & Co.
Roberts, Richard
Robertson, Julian
Robespierre, Maximilien Marie Isidore de
Rockefeller, John D.
Rockefeller, William
Roosevelt, Franklin
Roget, Philippe & fils
Rostand Alexix
Rothschild (family)
1780–1840
in Frankfurt
French branch
maintenance of connections within
Rothschild, Alfred de
Rothschild, Alphonse de
Rothschild, Amschel
Rothschild, Carl
Rothschild, Edouard de
Rothschild, Ferdinand de
Rothschild, James de
Rothschild, Baroness Lucie de
Rothschild, Baroness Mathilde von
Rothschild, Gustave de
Rothschild, Mayer Amschel
Rothschild, Nathan Mayer
Rothschild, Saloman
Rothschild, Wilhelm Carl
Rothschild (House of)
1780–1840
1840–75
acceptances and foreign issues
in Antwerp
conflict with Crédit Mobilier
decline of
effect of First World War
and Eurobonds
in France during Second World War
in Frankfurt
and the
international business
post First World War
and Sardinia
under the Second Empire
Rothschild Frères, de
Rothschild, M. A. & Söhne
Rothschild, N. M. & Sons
Royal Bank of Canada
Royal Bank of Scotland
Royal Dutch Shell
Royal Exchange
Royal Exchange Assurance Company
Royal Insurance Group
Rüffer, A. & Co.
Russia
borrowing during First World War
foreign investment in
loans to
and South East Asia crash
Russian revolution (1917)
S. G. Warburg & Co.
and Eurobonds
takeover of
Sadowa
Saint-Gobain
Saint-Simonians
Salomon Brothers
Salomon Smith Barney
Samuel, Marcus
San Paolo Coffee Valorization Loan
Sanwa Bank
Sardinia
Sautter, Charles
Schaaffhausenscher Bankverein
Schaafhausen, A.
Schacht, Hjalmar
Schickler, Gebr
Schiff, Jacob
Schlumberger jeune
Schneider, Eugène
Schneider & Cie
Scholey, David
Schröder, Johann Friedrich
Schröder, Johann Heinrich
Schröders
during 1920s
during 1950s
effect of First World War see also J. F. Schröder & Co.; J. Henry Schröder Banking Corporation; J. Henry Schröder & Co.
Schuster-Burckhardt, J.J.
Schuster, Felix
Schwabach, Paul von
Schweizerische-Argentinische Hypothekenbank
Schweizerische-Südamerikanische Bank (Banco Suizo-Sudamericano)
Schweizerische Volksbank
Scottish American Investment Trust
SDR (
Second Bank of the United States
Second World War
capital transfers during
war economy
Securities Act (1933)
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Seillière, Nicolas
Seligman-d'Eichtal family
Seligman, Aron-Elias
Seligman Brothers (London)
Seligman Frères et & Cie (Paris)
Seligman, J. W. & Co.
Seligman J. & W. & Co. (New York)
Seligman, James
Seligman, Joseph
Seligman, William
September 11th terrorist attacks
Seven Years War
Shanghai
Sharpe, William
Shell Transport Trading Company
Sichel, Gebr.
Siemens
silver
coins
depreciation of
monometallic system
SIMEX (Singapore International Monetary Exchange)
Singapore
Single European Act (1987)
Slaughter and May (lawyers)
Smiths Bank
Société belge de crédit industriel et commercial et de depots
Société Commanditaire de l'Industrie
Société de dépôts et de credit
Société des Agents de Change
Société Financière de Transports et d'Enterprises Industrielles (Sofina)
Société financière franco-suisse
Société financière pour entreprises électriques
Société française de banque et de depots
Société Franco-Suisse pour l'Industrie Electrique
Société Générale
Société Générale Belge d'Enterprises Electriques
Société Générale de Belgique
Société Générale de Crédit Industriel et Commercial (CIC)
Société Générale des Chemins de Fer Economiques
Société Nancéenne de Crédit
Société Suisse pour l'Industrie Electrique (Indèlec)
SOFFEX (Swiss Options and Financial Futures Exchange)
Sofina (Société Financière de Transports et d'Enterprises Industrielles)
Solmssen, Georg
Soros, George
South America
South-East Asia crisis
Soviet Union
Spain, French loans to
Spanish War of Succession
Speyer & Co.
Speyer Brothers
Speyer, Philip
St Louis
St Petersburg
Standard Bank
Standard Bank of South Africa
Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey (Exxon)
state intervention
Stein, J.H.
Stern, A,J.
Stern family
Stillman, James
stock market
meteoric rise of
reversal
stock market crash (1987)
Strong, Benjamin
Stuttgart
Süddeutsche Bank
Südwestbank
Südwestbank
Suez Canal
Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group
Sweden, loans to
Swiss Bank Corporation (Swiss Bank)
during 1930s
during 1960s
during 1970s
during Second World War
growth of
in London
mergers and acquisitions
Swiss franc
devaluation of
during Second World War
post Second World War
Swiss National Bank
during First World War
during 1950s
during 1960s
during 1990s
during Second World War
founding of
post First World War
Swiss Options and Financial Futures Exchange (SOFFEX)
Swiss stock exchanges
Swiss Volksbank
Switzerland
1875–1914
banking legislation (1930s)
banking secrecy
deregulation
during First World War
in early twenty-first century
economy (during Second World War)
economy (post Second World War)
emergence of big banks in
export of capital
financial transfers during Second World War
foreign banks in
golden age (1950–80)
international activity
post First World War
post stock market crash
wealth management see also Geneva; Zurich
Sydney
Taiwan
Talabot, Paulin
telecommunications
effect on New York Stock exchange
telegraph
telephone
Thatcher, Margaret
Thayer, John E.
Thellusson, Necker & Cie
Third Reich
financial transfers from occupied countries
Third World loans
Thomas Wilson & Co.
Thomson, Bonar & Co.
Thornton, Henry
Thyssen
ticker tape
Tiger Management Corporation
Time Warner
Tobin, James
Tobin tax
Tokyo
Tokyo Stock Exchange
Toronto Dominion Bank
Torras, Jacques
Tourton & Baur
Travelers Group
Treaty of Maastricht
Treaty of Rome (1957)
Tudor Investment
Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques
Turkey, German investment in
UBS group
executive board
UEG
Union Bank of Australia
Union Bank of London
Union Bank of Switzerland
Union Financière de Genève
Union, L' (Assurance)
Union of London and Smiths Bank
United California Bank
United Nations
United States
banking revolution in
banking system
benefits of First World War to
British exports to
British investment in railways
British loans to
capital flows during First World War
crisis of 1907
deregulation
direct investments in
the dominant economy
economy (1962–73)
economy (1990s)
GDP (1950)
German investment in
government intervention
lend-lease during Second World War
mergers and acquisitions
and protectionism
railways
and the universal currency
wealth in
United States and Foreign Securities Corporation
United States and International Securities Corporation
United States Steel Corporation
Union Bank of Australia
Union Bank of London
Union Bank of Switzerland
Union Financière de Genève
universal currency
Unternehmensgeschäft strategy
US Steel
Vandenyvers bankers
Vassal, R. & Cie
Vereinigte Stahlwerke
Vernes, Charles
Vernes (House of)
Versailles Treaty
Vestey (merchant)
Vickers & Sons & Co.
Vienna
Virginia coffee house
Vodafone
Vve Nettine et fils
Wall Street
Wall Street Crash
Wall Street raiders
Walpole, Robert
Warburg & Co. M. M. see M. M. Warburg & Co.
Warburg & Co., S. G. see S. G. Warburg & Co.
Warburg, Felix
Warburg, Siegmund
Warschauer & Co.
Washington Agreements
Wasserman, Oscar
Waterloo, Battle of
Wellington, Duke of
Wendel family
Wendel, François de
Wernher, Beit & Co.
Werner Report
Westdeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale
West End bankers
Westminster Bank
Westminster Foreign Bank
Whitbread
White Weld
Whitney, Richard
Wiesbaden
Wilson, Thomas & Co.
Williams & Glyns Bank
William I, king of the Netherlands
William of Orange
Winslow, Lanier & Co.
Winterthur
Withers, Hartley
Withers, Hartley
World Bank
WorldCom
Worms family
Worms, Felix
Wriston, Walter
Yamaichi Bank
yen
Young Loan
Young, Owen
Zurich
1875–1914
early twenty-first century
post Second World War