ad vivum (from the life), 10, 36, 48, 72, 78, 79, 207. See also naer het leven
Agrippa, Heinrich Cornelius, 138, 158, 222
Aldrovandi, Ulisse, 41–42, 42, 43, 71, 72, 95–99, 108, 112
collection of, 42, 43, 72, 96–97, 110
and works from the life, 41–42, 72, 96
Alpers, Svetlana, 4, 40, 203
Altdorfer, Albrecht, 125
anatomical demonstrations. See Leiden, University of
Angel, Philips, 87–88
Aquinas, Thomas, 15, 20, 177, 179
Aristotle, 15, 24, 182
De Anima, 15, 177
conception of relationship between art and nature, 87, 94
theory of phantasia, 15, 20, 124, 155
art and nature, relationship of, 69, 72, 86–91, 93–94, 151, 212. See also Aristotle; Longinus; Quintilian
art and science, relationships between, 7–10, 95, 99–113, 195–196
Augustine, 20, 177, 182
Averroes, 15
Avicenna, 15
Bacon, Francis, 5, 49, 66
Baconian approach to nature, 1
and experimental science, 5, 49
Baldung Grien, Hans, 24, 125, 126, 134, 144
Works:
Preparation for the Witches’ Sabbath (woodcut), 134, 137, 142–143
Witches (woodcut attr. to Baldung), 169–171, 171
Basson, Govert, 157, 164, 168, 174
Basson, Thomas, 157, 164, 168
Baudous, Robert de, 30
Bernard of Clairvaux, 22
Beverwijck, Johann van, 157
Blijenburgh, Cornelis van, 32
Bloemaert, Abraham, 30
blowfish, 12, 68, 98, 99–105, 101, 102, 103, 114, 115
Bocskay, Georg, 74
Bodin, Jean, 162, 166
Bol, Hans, 74, 75–77, 79
Bol, Laurens J., 73
Bologna, University of, 41, 95, 97
botanical garden, 41, 96
Bont, Gerard de, 56, 118
Boodt, Anselm de, 50–51, 72
Borromeo, Federico Cardinal, 40
Bosch, Hieronymus, 156
Bosschaert, Ambrosius, 35, 78
botany, 44, 64, 105
botanical demonstrations, 60
botanical publications, 6–7, 43–48
botanical images, 9–10, 98, 203, 207, 208, 214
botanical specimens, 66–67, 69–72, 114, 116
Brahe, Tycho, 199
Brathwait, Richard, 153
Bredekamp, Horst, 93
Brimeu, Marie de, 86
Bruegel, Pieter the Elder, 3, 24, 26, 89, 88–90, 125, 126, 144
Works:
The Fall of the Magician Hermogenes (engraving after Bruegel), 133, 134, 146–148
St. James and the Magician Hermogenes (engraving after Bruegel), 133, 144–148
Brueghel, Jan I, 35, 36, 40, 50, 78
flower paintings by, 40
Brugghen, Gerard ter, 74, 211–212
Verlichtery Kunst-Boeck, 74
Brunfels, Otto, 45, 70
Herbarum vivae eicones, 44, 45, 45–47
Buchelius, Arnoldus, 30, 51, 165, 166–167
Buffon, Comte de, George-Louis Leclerc, 96
Bundy, Murray Wright, 180
Burton, Robert, 183–184, 189
The Anatomy of melancholy, 183–184
camera obscura, 5
Camerarius, Joachim II, 117
Canon episcopi, 176, 179
Carleton, Dudley, 36
cartography, 32, 36, 187
Cats, Jacob, 130–131, 136
Cennini, Cennino, 20, 22, 156
chimera, 15, 20, 22, 50, 184
Claeszn, Cornelis, 31
Clark, Stuart, 127, 158, 182
classification, 93–94, 96–97, 107, 113, 119, 214
of collections, 94
role of images in, 12, 70, 99–102, 104, 105–107
Clerck, Nicolaes de, 33, 140
Clusius, Carolus, 7, 12, 48, 51, 54, 62, 64, 67, 69, 70, 86, 99, 101, 108, 113, 117, 118, 119, 199, 209, 217
Exoticorum libri decem, 6, 54, 100
description of blowfish in, 99, 101–104, 102, 103, 105, 107
portrait of, 2, 62–64, 63
Rariorum plantarum historia, 54, 62, 64, 105–107, 209
Cluyt, Dirck Outgaertszn, 49
collection of watercolors, 49–51, 99
collecting and collections, 9, 67–68, 69, 71, 93–94, 95, 99, 101, 114, 117–118. See also cabinets of curiosity; Wunderkammern
images of contents, 71, 71–72, 96, 97, 99
Collen, Ludolf van, 62
Comanini, Gregorio, 14
Corneliszn van Haarlem, Cornelis, 30
Coudenberghe, Pieter van, 210
crab, 66, 79, 100, 152
hermit 2, 4, 152–154, 195
Cranach, Lucas the Elder, 26, 125, 191
Works:
Melancholia (series of paintings), 191–192, 193
Melancholy (painting, 1532), Plate 8, 1, 191–192
Melancholy (painting, 1533), 192
Craus, Elias, 51
curiosity, 4, 67, 97, 100, 115, 117
cabinets of, 9, 67, 117–118. See also collecting; Wunderkammern
DaCosta Kaufmann, Thomas, 207
Danti, Vincenzo, 14
Daston, Lorraine, 49, 94
and “the factual sensibility,” 49
demonology, early modern, 1, 14, 24–26, 123, 138, 195. See also witchcraft
visual culture of, 23, 24. See also witchcraft, representation of
Descartes, René, 197–198
Dioptrics, 197
Discourse on Method, 197–198
Devil, 124, 125, 133, 138, 156, 159, 160, 166–167, 170–171, 176, 178, 183, 186, 187, 192
as artist, 175, 184–188, 189, 192, 193
and his powers, 141, 157, 158–159, 172, 177, 179, 180–181, 183–184, 188–189, 226
Diderot, Denis, 96
Dioscorides, 42, 44
Dodonaeus, Rembertus, 48, 70, 107, 108, 118, 119
Cruÿdeboeck, 48
Dolendo, Zacharias, 30, 189
Saturn as Melancholy (engraving after de Gheyn), 189, 190
Dousa, Janus, 61
dreams and dreaming, 15, 140, 155, 169, 172, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181, 189, 197, 198, 199. See also Johannes Kepler, Somnium
Drebbel, Cornelis, 5, 30
Dürer, Albrecht, 1, 16, 17, 24, 26, 74, 87, 125, 142, 144, 154, 156
Works:
Melencolia I (engraving), 189
Mental Faculties (woodcut), 17–20, 18
Stag Beetle (watercolor), 87
The Witch (engraving), 134, 135, 142, 220
Dyckman, Georg, 40
Emison, Patricia, 143
empiricism, 4, 49, 95, 168, 200
Erasmus
on gardens, 115–116, 216
faculty psychology, 15, 225
Ferreris, Bartolomeo, 62
Ficino, Marsilio, 178
Findlen, Paula, 97
Foreest, Pieter van, 157
Foucault, Michel, 43, 105, 107
Frederick Hendrick van Oranje Nassau, 3
Freedberg, David, 4–5, 214
Freud, Sigmund, 157
Friedrich, Duke of Wurtemberg, 112
Froeschl, Daniel, 74
Fuchs, Leonhart, 46, 70, 96–97
De historia stirpium, 46–48, 46, 47
Gage, George, 36
Galen, 15, 44, 47, 161, 182
Galle, Theodore, 18
Synoptic Table of the Microcosm-Macrocosm Analogy (engraving), 18, 19, 204
gardens, 86, 88, 95, 108, 114, 115–120. See also University of Bologna botanical garden; Leiden University botanical garden
changing status of, 117–118
as collections, 67–69, 115, 116, 209
Garzoni, Giovanna, 77
Geiler, Johannes von Kaysersberg, 169
Die Emeis, 169–171, 171
Gerbier, Balthasar
eulogy for Hendrick Goltzius, 35–36
Gessner, Conrad, 112–113
Gheyn, Anna de, 164
Gheyn, Jacques de, I, 29, 74
Gheyn, Jacques de, II
artistic biography of, 29–35
appraisal of images by, 50–51
and collecting, 34
range of modes of representation, 1–4, 195, 196, 198, 200–201
flower painting by, 13, 35, 66–94, 95
in Amsterdam, 29–30
in Haarlem, 29, 205
in Leiden, 31–33, 51–65, 67, 95, 157, 198
in The Hague, 34–35, 67
registration in artists’ guild, 34
representation of witchcraft, 1–3, 22–26, 123–126, 130, 134, 136, 143, 146–148, 157, 164, 174, 192, 193, 194, 195, 198, 199–201
equivalence with Scot’s description of, 164, 174
and scientific naturalism, 1–4, 53, 66, 195
Works:
Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Pieter Pauw (engraving after de Gheyn), 54, 55, 60–62, 209
Attributes and Creatures of Witchcraft (drawing), 23, 125, 140
Bailiff of the Courts of Holland Johannes Halling and a Woman and Child, 38–39, 39
A Crossbowman with a Milkmaid, 140, 141
Devil Sowing Tares (drawing), 124, 125, 188–189
Figures on a Beach (drawing), 2, 3, 4, 152–154, 195
Four Lumps of Rock with Human and Animal Heads (drawing), 25, 26
Four Studies of a Frog, 11, 11
Flower Still Life (painting), 11, 13, 35, 48, 66, 73, 75, 92, 114
A Gypsy Fortune Teller (engraving after de Gheyn), 139, 140
The Head of an Old Woman and Three Clumps of Sod (drawing), Plate 7, 125, 152, 164
Land Yachts of Prince Maurits (engraving after de Gheyn), 3, 3
Leiden Pesthuys (engraving after de Gheyn), 31, 31, 53
Leiden University Garden (engraving), 53, 54, 58–60, 68, 100, 108–110, 209, 215
Lugt album, Plates 2, 3, 4; 11, 12, 33, 36, 66–94, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 210
van Mander’s account of, 36, 66
Man Resting in a Field, 189, 191
Man Seated beneath an Oak, 144, 145
Mountainous Landscape with Bandits, 22, 22
Mummers, 31
Nude Woman Seated in a Room (drawing), 192–193
Portrait of Carolus Clusius (engraving), 63, 62–64
Preparation for the Witches’ Sabbath (drawing), 125, 126, 134, 136–138, 140, 144, 148–151, 164
Preparation for the Witches’ Sabbath (engraving), 125, 128, 134, 136–138, 140–143, 144, 148–151, 154, 157, 164, 169, 171, 172, 174, 188
Self-Portrait (engraving after de Gheyn), 32, 33
Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror (drawing), 33, 34
Sheet of Sketches with a Hamadryad (drawing), 151–152
Sketches of Hags, Plate 7, 125, 152, 163, 164
Still Life with a Fritillary and Three Tulips in a Terra Cotta Vase, a Snail, and Four Insects, Plate 2, 29, 114
Study of a Skull (drawing, Berlin), 56, 57
Study of a Skull (drawing, Amsterdam), 56, 57
Study of Hermit Crab and Witchcraft (drawing), Plate 1, 1–4, 100, 123, 152–154, 195–196
Study of Three Hags, 163, 164
Study of Two Rats and Three Frogs (drawing), 140, 143, 154
“The New World,” 6–7, 198
Two Studies of a Porcupine Fish (Diodon hystrix) (drawing), 12, 99–101, 101, 107
Vanity (engraving), 185
Wapenhandelighe van Roers, Musquetten ende Spiessen (engravings), 32
Witches in a Cellar, Plate 6, 125
Witches’ Kitchen, 125, 125, 144–148
Gheyn, Jacques de, III, 29, 35, 78, 125, 222
gheest (spirit, imagination), 12
Goedenhuize, Joseph, 40, 41, 50
Goeree, Willem, 74, 77
Goltzius, Hendrick, 29, 35, 56, 62, 74, 189, 205
chiaroscuro woodcuts by, 126
as de Gheyn’s teacher, 29, 30
as melancholic, 189, 227
Gombrich, E.H., 8, 39–40, 203
Goudt, Hendrick, 35
Graf, Fritz, 132
Graf, Urs, 125
grids, 12, 95, 108–113, 114, 215. See also schematic images
Grotius, Hugo, 31, 62
Guazzo, Francesco Maria, 153, 178
gypsies, 1, 4, 23, 139, 199, 200
hags, 4, 24, 125, 152, 163
Heemskerck, Maarten van, 26, 185
Works:
The Four Temperaments (engravings), 188
Satan Filling Man’s Heart with Worldly Things (engraving after van Heemskerck), 185, 186
Heinsius, Daniel, 62
herb women, 199
Heurnius, Johannes, 157
Hobbes, Thomas, 127, 155–156
Leviathan, 155–156
Hoefnagel, Jacob, 35, 78, 90
Archetypa (engravings), 90, 91, 91
Hoefnagel, Joris, 35, 66, 70, 74, 78, 79, 88–91
Works:
Archetypa (engravings after Hoefnagel), 90, 91
Flowerpiece with Insects, Plate 5, 92
Four Elements, 72, 74, 77, 93, 211, 212
Mira calligraphiae monumenta, 74, 76, 92, 212
Hoghelande, Johan van, 67, 209
Hondius, Hendrick, 33, 35
Works:
Pictorum aliquot celebrium praecipue Germaniae inferioris Effigies, 32, 33
Vase with a Bouquet of Flowers (engraving after Verhulst), 51, 52
d’Honnecourt, Villard, 37
Hooke, Robert, 6
Micrographia, 6
Horace, 20, 22, 47, 207
Eighth Satire, 132–133
translation into Dutch, 218
Hout, Jan van, 62, 118, 217
Huygens, Constantijn, 5–6, 34, 66, 77, 90, 198 See also miniature painting
autobiography of, 5–6, 7, 34–35, 78, 203
lost painting by, 78, 212
Huygens, Constantijn, the Younger, 78
images
as basis of cognition, 16, 124, 198
as evidence, 10, 48, 123, 149, 150, 174
internal, 2, 24, 26, 197
power of, 179
schematic, 12, 95, 108–112, 115 (See also grids)
substitutional capacity of, 10, 14, 49, 50, 71, 72, 90, 107, 114, 196
“truth” in, 10, 206
imagination, 1, 2, 4, 5, 12, 14, 123, 124, 157, 158, 168, 172, 175, 177–180, 189, 192. See also phantasia
artistic conceptions of, 1, 14, 24, 26, 175, 193, 194, 195, 198, 200
classical and post-classical theories of, 14–22, 123, 159, 178, 180, 194
demonological theories of, 1, 24, 26, 174, 195
force of, 225–226
medico-philosophical theories of, 14, 124, 138, 180
and witchcraft, 1, 123, 160–161, 170, 174, 175, 176, 177, 183–184, 192, 193, 196
imitation, eikastic, 14, 15; phantastic, 14, 15
inconstancy. See instability
instability, principle of, 150–153, 153
internal senses, 15–16, 17, 177
early modern conception of the relationships among, 18–20
See also imagination, memory, phantasia, sensus communis
inversion, 134, 140, 142, 159, 199
demonic, 142, 154
Ivins, William M., 44
and “exactly repeatable pictorial statements,” 44
James, King V and I of Scotland and England, 162
Daemonologie, 162
Jonghe, Johannes de, 106
Jonson, Ben, 144
Kantian aesthetics, 8
Kemp, Martin, 16, 19, 93
Kenseth, Joy, 93
Kepler, Johannes, 199
Somnium, 199
Klibansky, Raymond, 180
Koerner, Joseph, 142
Krämer, Heinrich, 126, 162, 177, 178, 217. See also Malleus maleficarum
Kris, Ernst, 93
Lamiae, 158, 159, 163, 172, 180, 181
Lampsonius, Domenicus, 117
Lancre, Pierre de, 148, 176
Tableau de l’inconstance des mauvais anges et démons, 148–151, 149
Tableau de l’inconstance et instabilité de toutes choses, 150
Langius, Charles, 115, 116–117, 118, 119, 216
gardens of, 115
Latour, Bruno, 9
Leiden, University of, 7, 23, 31, 117, 120, 168, 185
anatomical demonstrations, 56, 60–62
anatomical theater, 54, 56, 100, 208
image of, 55, 60–62
botanical garden, 12, 49, 54, 56, 58–60, 67, 68, 69, 79, 99, 100, 108–110, 118–119, 208
ambulacrum in, 68, 99, 100, 101, 215
demonstrations in, 60
images of, 53, 54, 58–60, 61, 68, 110, 188
collections of, 67, 71, 99, 100, 215
medical curriculum, 60
medical faculty, 7, 11, 12, 69, 100, 118, 157, 165, 166, 219. See also water test for witches
medical students, 49
Leonardo da Vinci, 8, 16, 18–20, 22, 26, 156
on combinatory phantasia, 22
Layers of the Scalp Compared with an Onion (drawing), 18–20, 21
Linnaeus, Carolus, 96
Lipsius, Justus, 61, 115–120, 216
De Constantia, 115–116, 118, 119–120
gardens of, 115, 117–118, 217
Lobelius, Matthias, 7, 48, 70, 107
Kruydtboeck, 7, 108, 109, 110
Loë, Jan van der, 48
Longinus, Cassius
conception of relationship between art and nature, 87
Löwensteyn, Machteld, 146, 218, 220
Loyer, Pierre le, 127
Luther, Martin, 179
lycanthropism, 165
maleficia, 141, 158
Malleus maleficarum, 126, 162, 173, 177–178, 217
Mander, Karel van, 4, 10, 11, 30, 75, 78, 146, 189
Lifeof de Gheyn, 12, 29, 30–31, 33, 34, 66, 72–74
Schilder-Boeck, 4, 10, 11, 37, 146
use of terms naer het leven and uyt den gheest, 5, 12–14, 37–38, 73, 195–196, 204
Marie de’ Medici, 35
Marmion, Simon, 37
materia medica, 59, 64, 68, 97, 118, 209
Matham, Jacob, 35
Maurits van Oranje Nassau, 3, 32, 53
Maximilian II, Emperor, 64
melancholy, 26, 157, 158–159, 164, 175, 183, 198. See also Hendrick Goltzius; Reginald Scot; Jan Wier
as artistic affect, 26, 189
gender and, 182, 193
melancholic temperament, 24, 124, 138, 159, 165
and phantasia, 180–182, 192, 193, 226
(visual) culture of, 26, 189, 190, 191
and witchcraft, 145, 157, 161, 164, 180–182, 183–184, 195, 198
memory, 15
Michelangelo Buonarotti, 16, 26, 34
microscope, 5, 6
miniature painting (miniatura), 29, 33, 35, 66, 70, 72–79, 211
renewal of, 66–68, 74, 78–79
Montaigne, Michel de, 154–155, 194
morphology and morphological description, 95, 99, 107, 120, 198
Moxey, Keith, 156
Muller, Jan, 35
naer het leven (from the life), 10–11, 14, 46–51, 73, 124, 195, 204, 207. See also ad vivum
as a mode of representation, 11–12, 36–42, 79
and gheconterfeyt naer het leven, 37, 50, 206
images made, 4, 10, 11, 12, 48. See also Ulisse Aldrovandi
natural history, early modern, 1–4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 23, 64, 66, 69, 95–99, 107, 108, 113, 114, 209
illustrated, 37, 70, 103–107, 108
publications, 6, 7, 9, 43
naturalia, 1, 52, 66–68, 69, 86, 93, 96, 97, 100, 110
collection of, 99, 101
representation of, 1–2, 36, 66, 70, 71, 72, 74, 77, 78, 88, 91, 98
naturalism,
and naturalistic images, 3, 4, 107, 196
scientific, 1–4, 53, 66
Nider, Johannes, 176
Formicarius, 176
nocturnal transvection. See witches, flight of
Norgate, Edward; Miniatura or The Art of Limning, 77, 212
Oliver, Isaac, 35, 78
Orlers, Jan Janszn, 36, 56, 59, 62
Ortelius, Abraham, 88
Ovid, 173
Padua, University of
botanical garden, 58, 210
Paludanus, Bernardus, 110–112, 111
Panofsky, Erwin, 8, 180, 203, 213
Paré, Ambroise, 182–183, 184–185, 189
Of Monsters and Marvels, 182–183
Park, Katharine, 94
Parkinson, John, 86
Parshall, Peter, 142, 206
Passe, Crispijn de, 35, 188
The Ages of Man (engravings), 188
Pauw, Pieter, 54–62, 64, 67, 69, 108, 118, 209
Hortus publicus academiae Lugduno-Batavae, 58–59, 108–110, 110, 113, 209, 215
portraits of, 53, 54, 55, 58–62
Primitiae anatomicae de humani corporis ossibus, 56, 59, 60
Succenturiatus anatomicus, 58
phantasia, 14–16, 22, 154, 175, 177, 179, 180, 196. See also imagination; melancholy
and artistic production, 20–22, 24, 143, 154, 156, 175, 193, 222
combinatory or productive, 15, 16, 20, 22, 155, 198
early modern conception of, 16–22, 197
passive, 15, 16, 155
social order of, 154–156
phantasmata, 15, 138, 143, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 184, 194
Pirckheimer, Willibald, 17
Plantin, Christoffel, 48
Plateau, Jacob, 102, 105
Plato, 179
Republic, 179
Sophist, 197
theory of phantasia, 14–15, 20, 177
Pliny, 47, 207, 213
Pol, Cornelis van der, 131
Porret, Christiaen, 97–99, 103, 209
collection of, 97–99, 110, 209, 214
Porta, Giambattista della, 192–193
portraiture, 190
preternatural phenomena, 1, 123, 165
Pruthenus, Ludovicus, 17
Trilogium animae, 17–18, 18
Quiccheberg, Samuel, 118, 213
Quintilian, Marcus Fabius
conception of relationship between art and nature, 87
Regteren Altena, I.Q. van, 62
Reisch, Gregor, 16
Margarita philosophica, 16, 17
Rémy, Nicolas, 153
Reznicek, E.K.J., 206
Ripa, Cesare, 152
Iconologia, 152, 153
Rondelet, Guillaume, 101
Rudolf II, Emperor, 33, 35, 36, 66, 70, 73, 74, 91
collection of, 66, 71, 71–72, 77, 93, 94, 210
Tierbuch, 71–72
Saenredam, Jan, 30
Saturn and Melancholy, 180
Savery, Roelant, 37
Seated Man (drawing), 37, 38
Saxl, Fritz, 180
Scaliger, Josephus Justus, 61, 62
Scaliger, Julius, 62
Scheicher, Elisabeth, 93
Schiesari, Juliana, 193
Schongauer, Martin, 26
Schrevelius, Theodorus, 30
Scientific Revolution, 8, 10
Scot, Reginald, 25, 157, 162–165, 167–169, 180, 181–182, 200
association with Jan Wier, 25, 162
Discoverie of Witchcraft, 25, 157, 162–164, 167–169, 171–174, 192–193
illustrations in, 169
translation into Dutch (Ondecking), 25, 157, 164–169, 171–174, 188, 223, 224
on imagination, 182–183
on melancholy, 164, 189
A Perfite Platform of a Hoppe Garden, 162
Scriverius, Petrus, 36, 55, 60, 165, 223–224
Segal, Sam, 73, 211
sensus communis, 15–19
Serwouters, Pieter, 35
Shakespeare, 88
conception of relationship between art and nature, 88
The Tempest, 215
Shapin, Steven, 10, 49
sight, 196–198
and belief, 168–169
and visions, 169
Smith, Pamela, 204
Spranger, Bartholomaeus, 88
Peter Bruegel the Elder (engraving), 88, 89
Sprenger, Jacob, 126, 162, 177, 178. See also Malleus maleficarum
Stalpaert van der Wiele, Eva, 30
still-life paintings, 4, 66, 67
flower, Plates 2, 5; 6, 12, 13, 23, 29, 31, 34, 40, 48, 51, 52, 66, 70, 75, 79, 95, 114–115, 120, 216
Stevin, Simon, 3
land yachts designed by, 3
Stirpium Icones, 48
Stock, Andries, 33, 60
Works:
Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Pieter Pauw (engraving after de Gheyn), 55, 209
Gypsy Fortune-Teller (engraving after de Gheyn), 139, 140
Portrait of Jacques de Gheyn II after his Design (engraving after de Gheyn), 32, 33–34
The Preparation for the Witches’ Sabbath (engraving after de Gheyn, presumed by Stock), 125, 128, 134, 136–138, 140–143, 144, 148–151, 154, 157, 164, 169, 171, 172, 174, 188
Summers, David, 16
Swanenburgh, Isaac Claeszn van, 31, 36, 59
Leiden Pesthuys, (engraving after van Swanenburgh), 31, 31, 53
Swanenburgh, Willem van, 100, 123
Works:
The Land Yachts of Prince Maurits (engraving after de Gheyn), 3, 29
Leiden Garden (engraving after Woudanus), 59, 61, 68, 100, 108
Beardless Youth and the Devil at an Easel (engraving by van Swanenburgh), 185, 187, 188
Sylvius de le Boë, Franciscus, 204
taxonomy. See classification
Theophrastus, 44
Trevor-Roper, Hugh, 136
Tuning, Gerard, 164–165, 168–169, 223
uyt den gheest (from the mind or spirit), images made, 4, 12–14, 73, 145, 195
Vallick, Jacob, 160
Tooveren, wat dat voor een Werc is, 160–161
Valnay, Nicolas de, 86–87
Venne, Adriaen van de, 130
Damon in Lodippe’s Lair (engraving), 130–132, 131
Verhagen, Hans, 77, 211
Verhulst, Elias, 51, 208
Vase with a Bouquet of Flowers (engraving after Verhulst), 51, 52
Vos, Maarten de, 185
Works:
The Planets (engravings), 188
Saturn (engraving), 188
Weiditz, Hans, 44, 45, 45
Wier, Jan ( Johann Weyer), 25, 138, 141, 157, 161, 162, 164, 166–167, 169–171, 172–173, 178–179, 180–182, 193, 194, 200
association with Reginald Scot, 162
De praestigiis daemonum, 138, 157, 158–160, 174, 178
German edition of, 169, 170
illustrations in, 170, 169–171
on the imagination, 138–140, 182–184
on melancholy, 157, 164, 180–182, 189
William V, Duke of Cleves, Jülich, and Berg, 138, 158
witchcraft, 1, 4–5, 14, 22–26, 157, 177, 193, 194, 199. See also imagination and witchcraft; maleficia
early modern, definitions of, 126–127, 175, 195, 199, 218
and female sexuality, 134–136
as image, 26, 123–124, 138, 148, 172, 178–180, 183, 188–189, 193, 198, 200. See alsoDevil as artist
judicial responses to, 157, 158, 159, 164, 168, 176, 181, 219
medico-philosophical views on, 157, 158, 161, 164
in The Netherlands, 136, 194, 219
popularity of subject, 127
representation of, 4, 5, 14, 23–26, 169–171, 175, 193, 195, 199
skepticism towards, 2, 25, 159, 166, 167, 168, 194, 196, 198
witches, 1, 4–5, 22–26, 125, 126, 128, 131, 135, 137, 147, 149, 151, 170, 171, 192. See also Lamiae
flight of, 144, 147, 149, 150, 160, 170–171, 172, 173, 175–178, 184, 188, 191, 192
and generation of weather, 126, 130, 134, 144, 154, 158–159, 160, 172, 173, 174
water test for, 157, 165–166, 219
deliberations by Leiden University medical professors on, 165–166
witches’ sabbath, 126, 128, 137, 147, 149, 151, 170
witches’ salves, 160, 176, 192, 220, 222–223
Witches’ Sabbath (anonymous engraving), 147, 147–148
Witches’ Sabbath (anonymous broadsheet), 149–150, 151
Wittkower, Margot and Rudolf, 189
Born under Saturn, 189
Wolf, Caspar, 112–113
De Stirpium collectione tabulae tum generales, 112–113
wonder, 5, 26, 97
Woudanus, Jan Corneliszn,
Leiden Garden (engraving after Woudanus), 59, 61, 68, 100, 108
Wunderkammern, 9, 67, 69, 71, 93–94, 98–99, 112. See also cabinets of curiosity; collecting
Ziarnko, Jan
Witches’ Sabbath (engraving), 148–150, 149
Zika, Charles, 192, 227