Aaronson, Irving, 312
‘The Loveliest Night of the Year’, 312
Abba, 3, 309, 325, 496, 557, 615
music in Mamma Mia, 325
Abbado, Claudio, 615
Abdel-Rahim, Gamal, 599, 602–3
Rhapsody for Cello and Piano, 602
Abiam, Nana Danso, 592
Abstract Expressionism, 88, 344, 350
accessibility (comprehensibility) (see also exclusion), 40, 45, 70, 91, 100, 110, 152, 156, 168, 170, 179, 180, 183, 191, 228, 246–8, 264, 298–9, 337, 364, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 375, 376, 381, 382, 389, 463, 467, 474, 488, 524
‘acoustic theology’, 474
Adami, Giuseppe, 203
Adams, John, 539, 540, 543, 544–5, 549, 551, 553–4, 615
Christian Zeal & Activity, 544
The Death of Klinghoffer, 553
Grand Pianola Music, 544
Harmonielehre, 549
El Niño, 554
Nixon in China, 553–4
Shaker Loops, 544
Adams, Stephen, 312
‘The Holy City’, 312
Adderley, Julian ‘Cannonball’, 404
Addinsell, Richard, 310
‘Warsaw Concerto’, 310
Addy, Obo, 602
Kukrudu, 602
Okropong, 602
Ade, King Sunny, 595, 596, 615
Adès, Thomas, 3, 510, 615
Adler, Guido, 254
Adorno, Theodor, 46, 73–4, 80, 86, 87, 116, 191, 195, 197, 230, 264, 272, 308, 340, 341, 508, 522, 533, 601, 616
‘The Ageing of the New Music’, 522
‘Vers une musique informelle’, 533
adowa, 600
Adventures of a Ten-Mark Bill, The, 182
Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, The, 422, 430
Aeolian (see also piano: player), 97
African-Americans, 8, 154, 158, 167, 311, 395, 414, 419, 423, 424, 440, 546
confusion of the African and the African-American, 160
in Europe, 168
impact on the musical, 322
impact on Tin Pan Alley, 98
and National Socialism, 62, 174
racialized image of, 158
African ‘art’ music, 589, 590–3, 596–604, 606–12
Afro-Celt Sound System, 497
Agawu, Kofi, 601, 603, 604
Aho, Juhani, 103
Panu, 103
Akai S-1100 sampler, 564
Albarn, Damon, 578
‘Waterloo Sunset’, 578
Albert, Eugen d’, 200
Tiefland, 200
Die toten Augen, 200
Albini, Steve, 565
aleatoricism, see indeterminacy
Alfie, 502
algorithmic composition (see also stochastics), 465, 535
All Girls Band, 316
Alpert, Herb, 311, 441
Tijuana Brass, 311, 441
Spanish Flea, 311
Alex, Joe, 169
Alfano, Franco, 202
Alfvén, Hugo, 310
Alternative TV, 559
‘Love Lies Limp’, 559
amadinda, 584
Amar Quartet, 177
amateur music-making, 12, 43, 109, 113, 146, 177, 311
discouraged, 65
ambient music (see also electronic dance music), 555–6, 568, 573, 585
Ambrose, Bert, 315, 316
A-Mei, 36
American Bandstand, 430, 431
American Civil War, 6, 124, 125
American Graffiti, 502
American Music Club, 567
AMM, 470
Amos, Tori, 568
‘Me and a Gun’, 568
amplification, 21, 23–4, 442, 465, 564
Amy, Gilbert, 454
Diaphonies, 454
Triade, 454
Anatomy of a Murder, 407
Anbruch, see Musikblätter des Anbruch
Anders, Allison, 448
Grace of My Heart, 448
Andersen, Lale, 328–9
‘Lili Marleen’, 328–9
Anderson, Brett, 578
Anderson, Laurie, 552–3, 588
‘O Superman’, 552
Strange Angels, 588
United States, 553
Anderson, Leroy, 102, 310
Blue Tango, 310
Sleigh Ride, 310
‘The Typewriter’, 102
Anderson, Marian, 425
Anderson, Signe, 449
Anderson, Thomas J., 7
Anderson, W. R., 381
Andriessen, Louis, 40, 471, 545–6, 616
Anachronie I, 545
Anachronie II, 545
Hoketus, 545
On Jimmy Yancey, 545
Mausoleum, 546
Reconstructie, 471
De Staat, 546
Volkslied, 545
Workers’ Union, 545
Andy, Horace, 575
Animals, The, 419, 437, 559
animated film, 100, 107, 115, 133, 179
Ansermet, Ernest, 166, 616
Antheil, George, 70, 171, 182, 219, 292, 339, 616
Airplane Sonata, 219
Ballet mécanique, 182, 219
Jazz Sonata, 171
Sonata Sauvage, 171
Transatlantic, 182
The Wish, 339
Antoine, 330
‘La Tramontana’, 330
AOR (adult-oriented rock), 498
Aphex Twin, 568
Apollinaire, Guillaume, 83
Arditti, Irvine (see also Arditti String Quartet), 12, 510
Arditti String Quartet, 509, 510, 533
Arel, Bulent, 464
Arlen, Harold, 320, 616
‘Come Rain Come Shine’, 320
Armstrong, Louis, 130, 131, 132, 135, 136, 137, 140, 141, 145, 146, 149, 396, 616
‘Cake Walking Babies’, 131
‘Dippermouth Blues’, 130
‘Froggie Moore’, 130
Hot Fives, 132, 137, 140, 145
‘Cornet Chop Suey’, 132
‘Muggles’, 132
‘Potato Head Blues’, 132
‘Tight Like This’, 132
‘West End Blues’, 132
Arndt, Felix, 111
‘Nola’, 111
Arnold, Billy, 168, 175
American Novelty Jazz Band, 168–9
Arnold, Malcolm, 310
Arrested Development, 573
Artaud, Antonin, 347
Art Ensemble of Chicago, 411
Art of Noise, 606
Ashcan School, 133
Ashley, Robert, 474, 476, 552, 553
Atalanta, 552
Now Eleanor’s Idea, 552
Perfect Lives, 552
The Wolfman, 474
Ashton, Frederick, 183
Asian Dub Foundation, 562
Community Music, 562
Asmussen, Sven, 140
Asso, Raymond, 326
‘Elle fréquentait la rue Pigalle’, 326
Association, 439
‘Along Comes Mary’, 439
Astaire, Fred, 112, 317
Atkins, Cholly, 434
atsiagbekor, 600
Attali, Jacques, 502, 503, 504
Atwell, Winifred, 314
Auden, W. H., 207
audience, 41–2, 95, 96, 100, 112–14, 115, 155, 165, 180, 191, 195, 198, 199, 204, 205, 229, 232, 233, 246–8, 254, 264, 268, 287, 289, 290, 295, 300, 302–3, 309, 324, 337, 350, 368, 382, 399–400, 415, 431, 443, 467, 469, 485, 497, 509, 519, 524, 531, 535, 559, 589–90, 591
fans, 399, 423, 443, 447, 478, 480, 490, 491
fanzine, 559
jazz, 134, 139, 145, 150, 315, 412
general public, 91, 105, 134, 190, 233, 240, 245, 246, 286, 287–8, 303, 405, 482, 509
informed audience, 105, 482
listeners, 41, 116, 235, 370, 429, 481, 483, 488, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 500, 501
construction of, 479–81
mass audience, 66, 308
Auer, Leopold, 50
Auric, Georges, 174
Adieu, New York!, 174
Auschwitz, 208, 389
Austin, Larry, 466
authenticity, 49, 130, 145, 147, 156, 171, 175, 204, 230, 245, 268, 293, 294, 302–3, 317, 332, 408, 414, 419, 425, 427, 431, 434, 437, 439, 440, 444, 446, 448, 484–6, 487–8, 490, 493, 497, 523, 536, 560, 563, 565, 567–8, 572, 584
constructions of, 12, 589–90, 591, 596
authorship (see also ownership), 11, 13, 30, 270, 359, 434, 470, 471, 487, 499, 503, 551, 587–8
collective, 135, 272, 471–2
Avalon, Frankie, 431
Avant-Garde (record set), 476
Aveling, Claude, 312
‘Come Back to Sorrento’, 312
Axton, Estelle, 433, 448
Ayllu Sulca, 30
Aznavour, Charles, 313
Babbidge, Dora Dean, 177
Babbitt, Milton, 7, 46, 345, 379, 409, 455, 464, 475, 525, 546, 617
Philomel, 464
Twelve-Tone Rhythmic Structure and the Electronic Medium, 475
Vision and Prayer, 464, 546
Bach, C. P. E., 268
Bach, J. S., 53, 157, 237, 241, 247, 252, 254, 265, 268, 269, 274, 295, 296, 389, 460, 481, 485
Art of Fugue, 254
Schoenberg’s version of the Prelude and Fugue in E flat, BWV 552, 241
Webern’s version of the Ricercar from the Musical Offering, 241, 247
Bacharach, Burt, 329, 432, 570
‘Magic Moments’, 329
background music:
muzak, 308, 482, 483, 501
semi-audible, 482, 483
Bacon, Francis,
Baconiana, 271
Baez, Joan, 439, 448, 449, 617
‘The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down’, 439
baǧlama, 20, 21, 29
Bailey, Kathryn, 253, 254, 255
Baker, Arthur, 566
Baker, Chet, 403
Baker, Josephine, 87, 168, 169–70, 172, 176, 177, 313, 617
Bakunin, Mikhail, 546
Balász, Béla, 182
Achtung! Aufnahme!, 182
The Adventures of a Ten-Mark Bill, 182
Ball, Kenny, 317
ballad, 105, 311, 312
parlour, 110, 311
royalty, 110
Ballard, Hank, 429–30
‘The Twist’, 420, 429–30
ballet, 101
Ballets Russes, 165, 166, 176
Ballets Suédois, 176
Bambaataa, Afrika, 572
Ban, Jan Albert, 530
Vanitas, 530
Band, The, 12, 439
Band Aid, 568
Banfield, Stephen, 324
Bang on a Can, 502, 546–7
banjo, 125, 163, 166
Bankole, Ayo, 597
Three Part-Songs, 597
Barbara (=Monique Serf), 328
‘L’Aigle Noir’, 328
L’Ecluse, 328
‘Nantes’, 328
Barber, Samuel, 111, 379, 408, 617
Antony and Cleopatra, 379
Knoxville: Summer of 1915, 379
Medea, 379
Piano Concerto, 379
Piano Sonata, 379
Vanessa, 379
Barbirolli, John, 617
Barenboim, Daniel, 617
Baresel, Alfred, 173, 176
Das neue Jazzbuch, 173
Barnet, Charlie, 141, 142, 143, 402
arrangement of ‘Cherokee’, 143
Barraqué, Jean, 343
Piano Sonata, 343
Barrie, J. M., 106, 207
Mary Rose, 106
Barrister, Alhadji Sikuru Ayinde, 594
Barron, Bebe, 346
Barron, Louis, 346
Barry, James, 308
Barry, Jeff, 432
Barry, John, 434, 618
James Bond theme, 434
Barthes, Roland, 327
Bartók, Bela, 4, 47, 50, 55, 75, 77, 83, 111, 115, 193, 244, 279, 301, 366, 378, 485, 515, 618
Cantata profana, 301
Miraculous Mandarin, 77
Basement Jaxx, 499
Basie, Count, 141, 142, 150, 317, 402, 618
Count Basie Band, 143, 149
Bassey, Shirley, 320, 327
Baudelaire, Charles, 6, 239, 347, 361, 481
‘Le voyage’, 361
Baudrier, Yves, 289
Bauhaus, 54
Baum, Chris, 602
Baumol, William J., 55, 56, 58, 59
Bax, Arnold, 492
Bay City Rollers, 447
Bayle, François, 465
BBC, 9, 32, 33, 310, 314, 315, 332, 337, 368, 428, 480, 481, 530
BBC Symphony Orchestra, 509
Beach Blanket, 431
Beach Boys, The, 434, 439, 441, 448, 570, 571, 576, 618
‘Good Vibrations’, 441
Pet Sounds, 441, 576
Beadell, Eily, 307
‘Cruising Down the River’, 307
Beatles, The, 45, 308, 329, 332, 418, 419, 427, 428, 431, 434, 435–6, 438, 441, 442, 447, 468, 491, 496, 498, 559, 560, 561, 570, 571, 576–7, 578, 618
Anthology, 576
Let It Be, 560
‘Across the Universe’, 560
‘Let It Be’, 577
‘Love Me Do’, 436
Revolver, 441, 576
‘Eleanor Rigby’, 576–8
Sergeant Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band, 332, 441, 442, 468, 560
‘A Day in the Life’, 560
‘When I’m Sixty-Four’, 332
‘Taxman’, 561
‘Ticket to Ride’, 329
‘Yesterday’, 332
Beatniks, 400, 435
Bebey, Francis, 584
bebop, 45, 148, 150, 397–401, 402, 403–4, 405, 406, 409, 413, 422, 442, 444
Becce, Giuseppe, 106
Bechet, Sidney, 129, 130, 131, 135, 139, 168, 619
‘Cake Walking Babies’, 131
‘Kansas City Man Blues’, 131
‘Wildcat Blues’, 131
Beck, Jeff, 437
Beckett, Samuel, 82
Bedford, David, 456
Beefheart, Captain, 567
Captain Beefheart and the Magic Band, 567
Trout Mask Replica, 567
Beethoven, Ludwig van, 5, 9, 51, 53, 62, 66, 93, 102, 106, 115, 206, 236, 238, 241, 250, 257, 263, 268, 278, 372, 460, 461, 484, 485, 486, 493, 532, 544, 548
Für Elise, 461
Piano Sonata no. 8 (‘Pathétique’), 93
Piano Sonata no. 21 (‘Waldstein’), 372
Piano Sonata no. 32, op. 111, 115
String Quartet, op. 135, 250
Symphony no. 5, 115
Symphony no. 6 (‘Pastoral’), 102
Symphony no. 9, 206, 484
‘Ode to Joy’, 544
Behague, Gerard, 291
Behrman, David, 466, 476
Beiderbecke, Bix, 130–1, 132, 133, 135, 136, 139, 140, 146, 149, 619
‘Royal Garden Blues’, 132
solo on ‘Singing the Blues’, 132
Bekker, Paul, 263
Bel, Mbilia, 594
Belafonte, Harry, 320
Bellini, Vincenzo, 118, 119
belt (vocal technique), 112
Ben Pollack Orchestra, 135, 141
Beneke, Tex, 138
Benjamin, George, 51
Benjamin, Walter, 6, 104, 117, 518
‘Theses on the Philosophy of History’, 518
Bennett, Richard Rodney, 619
Bennett, Robert Russell, 96, 322
Bennett, Tony, 319, 329
Benois, Alexandre, 119
Petrushka, 119
Benson, Ivy, 316
Berberian, Cathy, 345, 355, 359
Berg, Alban, 71, 77, 102, 115, 182, 188, 193, 204, 228, 232, 233, 235, 236, 238, 239, 240, 243, 244, 246, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 460, 600, 619
Altenberg Lieder, 243
Chamber Concerto, 244
Drei Bruchstücke aus ‘Wozzeck’, 235
Four Songs, op. 2, 248
Guide to Pelleas und Melisande, 236
Lulu, 102, 239, 252, 255
Lyric Suite, 250, 252
‘Schliesse mir die Augen beide’, 244
Three Pieces for Orchestra, 71
Violin Concerto, 193, 248, 250, 251, 252, 255
Der Wein, 182, 232, 239, 250, 252, 254
Wozzeck, 77, 188, 193, 203, 235, 246, 252, 254, 255, 381
Berg, Matraca, 427
Berger, Arthur, 350
Bergson, Henri, 86
Berigan, Bunny, 141, 143, 149
Berio, Luciano, 338, 339, 350, 355, 366, 455, 460, 509, 515–16, 539, 540, 601, 619
Chemins series, 516
Chemins VI, 516
Epifanie, 339, 455, 464, 476
and IRCAM, 507
Laborintus II, 455, 464
Omaggio a Joyce, 355
Opera, 516
Passaggio, 455
Un re in ascolto, 516
Rendering, 516
Ritratto di Cittá, 338
Sequenza, 516
Sinfonia, 460, 516
La vera storia, 516
Visage, 355, 464
Berlin, Irving, 96, 98, 110, 120, 163, 165, 317, 322, 323, 366, 432, 620
‘Alexander’s Ragtime Band’, 98, 119–20
Annie Get Your Gun, 323
‘That Mysterious Rag’, 165
‘White Christmas’, 317
Berlin Philharmonic, 191
Berlin Wall, dismantling of, 508
Berliner, Paul, 399
Berlioz, Hector, 289, 600
Berkeley, Busby, 96
Berkeley, Lennox, 93
Bernhard, Paul, 173
Jazz: Eine musikalische Zeitfrage, 173
Bernie, Ben, 316
Bernstein, Elmer, 108, 406, 620
The Man with the Golden Arm, 406–7
Bernstein, Leonard, 47, 51, 323–4, 379, 408–9, 492, 620
Candide, 323
Chichester Psalms, 379
Prelude, Fugue and Riffs, 408
Symphony no. 2, The Age of Anxiety, 408
Trouble in Tahiti, 379
West Side Story, 323–4
Berry, Chuck, 426, 428, 435, 620
‘Maybelline’, 426
‘Promised Land’, 426
‘You Never Can Tell’, 426
Besseler, Heinrich, 262
Bhundu Boys, 490, 620
big band, 127, 134, 135, 136, 141, 142–3, 144, 147, 148, 150, 156, 303, 317, 330, 396, 398, 400, 401–2, 408, 410, 413, 425, 426, 593
and singers, 138
decline of, 397
Big Broadcast, 432
Bigard, Barney, 149
bikoutsi-rock, 594
Bilk, Acker, 317
Billy Banks Rhythmakers, 138
Binge, Ronald, 310
‘Elizabethan Serenade’, 310
Birtwistle, Harrison, 370–1, 456, 493, 509, 510, 528–9, 621
Earth Dances, 528
Gawain, 529
The Last Supper, 529
The Mask of Orpheus, 528, 529
Melancolia I, 370
The Second Mrs Kong, 529
Secret Theatre, 528
Tragoedia, 528
Verses for Ensembles, 528
Bizet, Georges, 106
Carmen, 107
Björk, 568
Björnberg, Alf, 330, 331
Blacher, Boris, 62
Black, Clint, 427
Black, Stanley, 311
Black and White Minstrel Show, 314
Black Box, 565
‘Ride on Time’, 565
Black Mambazo, 588
Black Orpheus, 407
Black Umfolosi, 588
Blackboard Jungle, 419
Blackburn, Tom, 313
‘The Ballad of Davy Crocket’, 313
blackface, see minstrelsy
Blake, Eubie, 322
Shuffle Along, 322
Blake, Jody, 160
Blake, Michael, 608, 609
French Suite, 609
Let Us Run Out of the Rain, 609
Blakey, Art
Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers, 402
Bland, James, 125
‘Carry Me Back to Old Virginny’, 125
Der blaue Engel (The Blue Angel), 172, 302, 328
‘Ich bin die fesche Lola’, 302
Blesh, Rudi, 396
Blige, Mary J., 563, 573
Blitzstein, Marc, 323
The Cradle Will Rock, 323
Blood Sweat & Tears, 411
Blossom Time, 205, 208
blue notes, 126, 127, 179, 321, 395
bluegrass, 446
blues, 126–7, 128, 138, 143, 148, 149, 166, 167, 169, 175, 176, 309, 322, 395, 402, 421, 424, 440, 445, 446, 448, 490, 491, 586
British blues, 436–7, 441, 446
Chicago blues, 127, 139, 436, 437
country blues, 436
harmony, 115, 174
and jazz bands, 126, 127
twelve-bar, 76, 400, 430, 434
Blur, 565, 578
‘Waterloo Sunset’, 426, 578
Blythe, Coralie, 158
body, the, 156–7, 160, 350
Boehm, Theobald, 211
Bogdanovich, Peter, 328
Bohlman, Philip, 7
Böhme, Franz, 295
Bok, Mary Curtis, 171
Bolcom, William, 379
Bongo Maffin, 606
boogie-woogie, 545
Booker T, see Jones, Booker T.
Boone, Pat, 429
Booth, Webster, 312
Bop Girl Goes Calypso, 432, 445–9
Boretz, Benjamin, 525
Bösendorfer, Ludwig, 60
bossa nova, 308, 407
Boston Pops, 44, 310
Boswell, Connee, 423
Boswell Sisters, 423
‘Rock and Roll’, 423
Bottai, Giuseppe, 336
Boublil, Alain, 325
Les Misérables, 325
Miss Saigon, 325
Boughton, Rutland, 207
The Immortal Hour, 207
Boulanger, Lili, 109
Boulanger, Nadia, 244, 269, 292, 293, 345, 621
Boulez, Pierre, 51, 75, 239, 341, 342–3, 346, 347–9, 350–1, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357–8, 359–60, 362, 366, 367, 374, 453, 454, 456, 457, 460, 464, 469, 475, 476, 509, 510, 511–12, 519, 521, 522, 528, 531, 611, 621
Dérive, 512
Etude for tape, 611
. . . Explosante-fixe . . . , 511, 512
Incises, 512
and IRCAM, 506–7
Livre, 348
Le marteau sans maître, 348–9
Notations for piano, 512
Notations I–IV for orchestra, 512, 522
Penser la musique aujourd’hui, 360, 475
Piano Sonata no. 2, 341, 347, 349, 350
Piano Sonata no. 3, 356, 358
Pli selon Pli, 360, 454
Don, 360
Improvisations sur Mallarmé I and II, 360
Improvisation sur Mallarmé III, 360
Tombeau, 360
Poésies pour pouvoir, 358, 362, 464, 512
Polyphonie X, 348
Répons, 511, 512, 522
Rituel in memoriam Bruno Maderna, 454, 511
Le soleil des eaux, 342, 348, 353
Complainte du lézard amoureux, 348
La sorgue, 348
Sonatine for flute and piano, 347
Structures Ia, 348, 350, 351, 357
Structures Ib, 348
Structures Ic, 348, 350
Ligeti’s analysis of the opening piece of Structures, Book 1, 522
Sur incises, 512
Le visage nuptial, 347, 348, 353
Bourdieu, Pierre, 308, 324, 331–2
La distinction, 331
Bowen, William G., 55, 56, 58, 59
Bowie, David, 327, 498, 502, 556, 558, 560, 565, 569, 578, 621
Pinups, 560
Young Americans, 560
‘Across the Universe’, 560
‘Fame’, 560
Bowlly, Al, 318
‘The Very Thought of You’, 318
Boyzone, 325
Brackett, David, 318, 426
Bradley, Dick, 442
Bradshaw, David, 212, 223
Brahe, May, 311
‘Bless this House’, 311
Brahms, Johannes, 5, 47, 53, 60, 62, 238, 241, 242, 281, 460, 514
popularity of concerto in violin competition, 50
Branca, Glenn, 548–9
Hallucination City, 549
Symphony no. 1, ‘Tonal Plexus’, 548
Symphony no. 2, ‘The Peak of the Sacred’, 549
Symphony no. 6, ‘Devil Choirs at the Gates of Heaven’, 549
Brant, Henry, 7, 475
Kingdom Come, 475
Braque, Georges, 75
brass bands, 127, 128, 134
Brassens, Georges, 327, 328
Brathanki, 496
Bratton, John, 314
words for The Teddy Bears’ Picnic, 314
Brecht, Bertolt, 180, 181, 189, 202, 294
Brecht, George, 459
Saxophone Solo, 463
Water Yam, 463
Breil, Joseph, 107
The Birth of a Nation, 107
Brel, Jacques, 327–8
‘Les Bourgeois’, 328
Jacques Brel Is Alive and Well and Living in Paris, 327
‘Le moribund’, 327
translated as ‘Seasons in the Sun’, 327
‘Ne me quitte pas’, 327
translated as ‘If You Go Away’, 327
Brendel, Alfred, 621
Breton, André, 82
Brice, Fanny, 321
Brighter London, 315
Brill Building (see also Tin Pan Alley), 329, 432, 433, 440, 448
BRIT (British Record Industry Trust) awards, 491
Britpop, 491, 578–9
Britten, Benjamin, 51, 55, 101, 207, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370–1, 374, 375, 377, 380–2, 383, 384–5, 386–9, 390, 392, 510, 622
Death in Venice, 388
Peter Grimes, 367, 380–1
String Quartet no. 2, 383
String Quartet no. 3, 384–5
The Turn of the Screw, 367
War Requiem, 384
Broadway, 56, 64, 84, 96, 315, 322, 323, 324, 408, 435
Brooks, Garth, 427, 564
‘The Dance’, 564
‘Friends in Low Places’, 564
Broonzy, Big Bill, 127, 139
Brouwer, Leo, 456
Brown, Barclay, 216
Brown, Earle, 344, 349, 356, 462, 476, 622
Available Forms I, 462
Available Forms I & II, 462
Centering, 462
December 1952, 344
Four Systems, 356
Novara, 462
String Quartet, 462
Twenty-five Pages, 356
Brown, James, 439, 440, 571–2, 573, 622
‘Cold Sweat’, 571, 573
‘The Grunt’, 573
‘It’s a Man’s Man’s Man’s World’, 571–2
‘Papa’s Got a Brand New Bag’, 571
‘Please, Please, Please’, 571
‘Say It Loud – I’m Black and I’m Proud’, 439
Brown, Roy, 423
‘Good Rockin’ Tonight’, 423
Brown, Ruth, 433, 446
Brown, Steve, 129
Brown, Tom, 129
Browne, Jackson, 565
Bruant, Aristide, 326
Brubeck, Dave, 403
Gone with the Wind, 403
Time Out, 403
‘Take Five’, 403
Bruce, Lenny, 562
Bruckner, Anton, 62, 489, 548
Brügmann, Walter, 178
Brun, Philippe, 140
Bruns, George, 313
‘The Ballad of Davy Crocket’, 313
Brunis, George, 145
Bryanston Summer School, see Dartington Summer School
Bryant, Allan (see also Musica Elettronica Viva), 466, 469
Bryars, Gavin, 543–4, 554, 555
Discreet Music, 555
Jesus Blood Never Failed Me Yet, 544
Phrygian Gates, 544
Portsmouth Sinfonia, 554
The Sinking of the Titanic, 544
Buckingham, Lindsey, 449
Buffalo Springfield, 439
‘For What It’s Worth’, 439
Bujić, Bojan, 212
Bull, John, 456
Bullitt, 413
Bülow, Hans von, 60
Bunyan, John, 373
The Pilgrim’s Progress, 373
Burbank, Richard, 187–8
Twentieth Century Music, 187–8
Burdon, Eric, 437
Burian, Emil, 177
Jazz, 177
Koktarly, 177
Bubu from Montparnasse, 177
Jazz Requiem, 177
Burkhard, Paul, 311
‘O mein Papa’, 311
Burmanniana, 271
Busch, Fritz, 202, 622
Bush, George, 43
Busoni, Ferruccio, 178, 188, 207, 212, 215, 234, 263, 622
Doktor Faust, 188
Entwurf einer neuen Ästhetik der Tonkunst (Sketch of a New Aesthetic of Music), 215
Bussotti, Sylvano, 359, 461, 463, 623
Pour Clavier, 461
Buster, Prince, 560
‘Al Capone’, 560
Butterfield, Billy, 142, 143, 145
Butterworth, George, 111
Butterworth, Neil, 294
Buzzcocks, The, 559
Byfield, Jack, 311
Byrds, 439, 570, 571, 623
Byrne, David, 564, 569, 596
My Life in the Bush of Ghosts, 569
Rei Momo, 564
Byron, Don, 497
cabaret, 82, 92, 94, 111, 157, 171, 189, 313, 326, 327, 328–9
Cacciari, Massimo, 517, 518
Il maestro del gioco, 518
Prometeo, 517, 518
Cadman, Charles Wakefield, 111
Cage, John, 4, 6, 7, 45, 76, 210, 212, 216, 217, 222–3, 224, 342, 344, 345, 346, 349–50, 351, 352, 355–6, 358, 359, 455, 456, 462, 463, 465, 466, 469, 474, 476, 493, 510, 511, 513, 519–21, 524, 525, 540, 623
Aria, 359, 453
Atlas Eclipticalis, 462
Bacchanale, 223
Cartridge Music, 465
Cheap Imitation, 462
Concert for Piano and Orchestra, 476
Credo in Us, 223
Europeras, 519, 520–1
Europeras 1 and 2, 520
Europeras 3 and 4, 520
Europera 5, 520
First Construction (in Metal), 222
Fontana Mix, 359, 462
Four, 521
4ʹ 33ʹʹ, 465, 519
Freeman Etudes, 510, 521
‘The Future of Music: Credo’, 210, 222, 223
Imaginary Landscape no. 1, 223
Imaginary Landscape no. 3, 223
Indeterminacy lecture, 476
mesostic texts, 519–20
Music of Changes, 349, 351, 358, 521
Roaratorio, 519–20, 521
Sonatas and Interludes, 223, 349
Variations V, 462
Williams Mix, 346
Cahill, Thaddeus, 215, 216
telharmonium, 215, 216
Cajun music, 421, 426
cakewalk, 156, 158, 160–3, 165, 167, 174, 177
Calder, Alexander, 356
Cale, John, 547, 560, 565, 569
California Ramblers, 131, 139
California Time Machine, 469
Callas, Maria, 623
Callot, Jacques, 271
Calvert, Eddie, 311
version of ‘O mein Papa’, 311
Calvino, Italo, 516
Un re in ascolto, 516
La vera storia, 516
Campoli, Alfredo, 311
Cannadine, David, 117
Cannargiu, Attilio, 21
canon, 2, 42, 51, 52, 53, 54, 69, 76, 86, 117, 198, 230, 269, 288, 365, 366, 442–3, 455, 485, 486, 492, 509, 531, 532, 554, 558, 574, 608
jazz, 123, 134, 397, 414
construction of and exclusion of women, 445
Capano, Frank, 329
‘Tears’, 329
Cardew, Cornelius, 359, 469–70, 474, 623
Autumn ’60, 469
Octet ’61, 469–70
Third Piano Sonata, 469
Treatise, 470
Caribbean islands, 124, 128, 140, 420–1
and National Socialism, 62
Carpenter, John Alden, 111
Carpenter, Karen, 446
Carpenters, The, 329, 332, 567
If I Were a Carpenter, tribute album to, 567
Carr, Ian, 396
Carrillo, Julián, 221
Carroll, Harry, 307
‘The Trail of the Lonesome Pine’, 307
Carroll, Lewis, 339
Carroll, Walter, 111
Carter, Carlene, 446
Carter, Elliott, 345, 365, 379, 389, 455, 475, 509, 510, 511, 512–14, 525, 623
Double Concerto for harpsichord, piano and two chamber orchestras, 345
Night Fantasies, 513
90+, 513
Sonata for flute, oboe, cello, and harpsichord, 345
String Quartet no. 1, 345
String Quartet no. 2, 345
String Quartet no. 3, 513
String Quartet no. 4, 513
String Quartet no. 5, 513
Symphonia: Sum Fluxae Pretiam Spei, 513–14
Three Occasions, 513
Variations, 345
Carter, Jimmy, 43
Carter, Ron, 404
Carter, Sarah, 446
Carter Family, 424, 446
‘River of Jordan’, 424
cartoons, see animated film
Caruso, Enrico, 198, 489, 624
Cary, Tristram, 339
The Ballad of Peckham Rye, 339
Casa Loma Orchestra, 135, 141
Casals, Pablo, 43, 242, 624
Casella, Alfredo, 111, 214, 265, 269, 272, 273, 277, 279, 290, 624
Concerto Romano, 290
Paganiniana, 273
Pupazzetti, 266
Scarlattiana, 273
Cash, Anita Carter, 446
Cash, Helen Carter, 446
Cash, Janette Carter, 446
Cash, Johnny, 426, 624
Cash, June Carter, 446
Cash, Roseanne, 446
Castaldi, Paolo, 461
Anfrage, 461
Elisa, 461
Grid, 461
Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Mario, 301
Violin Concerto no. 2, 301
Castiglioni, Niccolo, 339, 461, 464
Attraverso lo specchio, 339
Sinfonie guerrière et amorose, 461
Castle, Irene, 158, 163, 170, 174
Castle, Vernon, 158, 163, 170, 174
Castro, Fidel, 456
Catunda, Eunice, 352
Cendrars, Blaise, 175–6
L’anthologie nègre, 175
Création du monde, 175–6
censorship, 61, 562
Centre Georges Pompidou, 506
Čerha, Friedrich, 459
Fasce, 459
Spiegel II, 459
Chabelska, Maria, 165
Chacksfield, Frank, 311
Chad and Jeremy, 441
Chad Mitchell Group, 438
Chadwick, George W., 100
The Padrone, 100
Chaka Chaka, Yvonne, 605
Umbqombothi, 605
chanson, 313, 325–8, 329
chanson réaliste, 307, 325, 326
Char, René, 342, 347, 348
charango, 20
Charles, Jacques, 169
Charles, Ray, 425, 426, 433, 571
Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music, 571
charleston, 156, 167, 169, 172, 176, 213, 408
Charpentier, Gustave, 82, 100
Louise, 100
charts, see popularity chart
Chatham, Rhys, 540, 547, 548, 549
An Angel Flies Too Fast to See, 549
Die Donnergötter, 548
Drastic Classicism, 548
Guitar Trio, 548–9
Chausson, Ernest, 60
Chávez, Carlos, 222, 291–2, 293, 624
Caballos de vapor, 291
Los cuatros soles, 291
El fuego nuevo, 291
Llamadas, 291
Sinfonia India, 291
El Sol, 291
Toward a New Music, 222
Xochipilli-Macuilxóchitl, 291
Cheatham, Doc, 399
Checker, Chubby, 429–30
‘The Twist’, 420, 429–30
Chen Shiwen, 36
Cherry, Don, 406, 414
Cherry Faced Lurchers, 605
Chicago (band), 411
Chiffons, 433
Chigamba, Tute, 589–92
Mhembero Mbira Ensemble, 589, 592
Pasi Mupindu (The World is Changing), 589–90, 591
chill-out, 9, 333, 502
chimurenga, 595, 604–5
Chingodza, Musekiwa, 589–90
Chopin, Frédéric, 178, 188, 307, 461
Etude in E Major, op. 10 no. 3, 461
Christian, Charlie, 143, 149, 398
Chuck D, 562
Cilea, Francesco, 116
cinema organ, 97, 314
circus, 92, 94, 96, 115, 118, 157
civil rights, 428, 440, 445, 562
Clapton, Eric, 419, 437, 624
Clark, Dick, 430, 431
Clark, Petula, 320
Clarke, John Cooper, 559
Clarke, Kenny, 399, 556
Clash, 558, 559, 560, 570
‘1977’, 560
‘Clash City Rockers’, 560
‘Complete Control’, 558
London Calling, 560
‘White Man in Hammersmith Palais’, 570
class, 9, 10, 84, 110, 111, 117, 118, 128, 133, 153, 158, 189–90, 195, 198, 302, 331–2, 422, 423, 483, 557, 558, 561–2, 577
Classic FM, 486
film music on, 486
Classics for Lovers, 486
Classics from the Ads, 486
Claudel, 276
Alcestis, 276
Electra, 276
Oresteia, 276
clavé, 420
Clayderman, Richard, 111
Clayton, Buck, 140, 143
Clegg, Johnny, 605, 607
Clementi, Aldo, 344, 459, 464
Informel, 459
Clementi, Muzio, 262
Clemons, Clarence, 566
le Clerq, 314
‘He Played His Ukulele as the Ship Went Down’, 314
Cline, Patsy, 446
Clinton, Bill, 43
Clooney, Rosemary, 320
Clovers, The, 433
clusters, 214–18, 458, 459, 473, 515
Coasters, 427, 433, 571
Coates, Eric, 15, 94, 118, 310, 314
‘Calling All Workers’, 310
The Dambusters, 310
London, 310
‘Knightsbridge’, 310
Phantasy, 94
The Selfish Giant, 314
The Three Bears, 118
Coates, George, 552
SeeHear, 552
The Way of How, 552
Coates, Robert, 344
Cocker, Jarvis, 561
Cocktail Music, 307
Cocteau, Jean, 83, 165, 168, 174, 216, 262, 276, 282, 326, 554
La belle et la bête, 554
Le boeuf sur le toit, 168
Le coq et l’harlequin, 165
Parade, 83, 169, 216, 219
Coeuroy, André, 172
Jazz, 172
Cogan, Alma, 320
Cohen, Leonard, 327, 565, 567
I’m Your Fan, tribute abum to, 567
Colahan, Arthur, 312
‘Galway Bay’, 312
Cole, Cozy, 149
Cole, Gracie, 316
Cole, Nat ‘King’, 318–19, 329
‘Mona Lisa’, 318
‘Too Young’, 318
Coleman, Ornette, 405–6, 410, 413, 469, 566, 624
Free Jazz, 406
The Shape of Jazz to Come, 405
Colette (Gauthier-Villars, Sidonie Gabrielle), 174
collage (see also quotation), 178, 270, 275, 288, 338, 353, 354, 459–61, 472, 516, 520, 545, 578, 585
collective composition, 471–2
colonialism, see imperialism
Coltrane, John, 404, 405, 412, 625
Ascension, 405, 406
Blue Train, 405
A Love Supreme, 405
Colyer, Ken, 317
Comedian Harmonists, 171, 303
commodification of music, 478, 479, 480, 487, 503–4, 551, 592–3
communism (see also Marxism and Soviet Communism), 207, 352, 456
and religion, 109
dissemination of music under, 495–6
L’Internationale, 353
Como, Perry, 307, 315, 329
Composers’ Collective of New York, 292, 293
computer (see also electronic music: computer music), 345, 466, 507, 512, 520
microcomputer, 507
Concert collectif, 471
concert hall, 86, 220
concert jazz, see symphonic jazz
concerto, 92
Condon, Eddie, 145, 146
Confrey, Edward Zez, 111, 176
‘Kitten on the Keys’, 111
Conrad, Tony, 547, 551
Early Minimalism, 551
Slapping Pythagoras, 551
Conringiana, 271
conservatories, 25, 48, 65
in the non-Western world, 18, 31–2, 36
hegemony and the official musical style, 32–3
Contemporary Music Review, 525
Conway, Russ, 111
Cooder, Ry, 594
Cook, Will Marion, 160, 168, 625
Clorindy, or the Origin of the Cakewalk, 160
Southern Syncopated Orchestra, 168
Cooke, Sam, 425, 561
‘Wonderful World’, 561
cool jazz, 402–4, 422
coon songs, 98, 160
coon shouting, 119
Cooper, Martin, 391–2
Copland, Aaron, 12, 44, 47, 63, 287, 291, 292, 293–4, 302, 366, 369, 378–9, 408, 625
Appalachian Spring, 294, 378
Billy the Kid, 293
Clarinet Concerto, 378
Connotations, 378, 379
‘Fanfare for the Common Man’, 378
In the Beginning, 378
Inscape, 378, 379
Lincoln Portrait, 293, 378
Mexican Dance, 293
Music for the Theater, 408
Night Thoughts (Homage to Ives), 378, 379
Piano Concerto, 408
Piano Fantasy, 378
Piano Quartet, 378
Rodeo, 293–4, 378
From Sorcery to Science, 291
El salón México, 291, 293
Symphony no. 3, 378, 379
The Tender Land, 378
Twelve Poems of Emily Dickinson, 378
Corea, Chick, 413
Corigliano, John, 549, 625
Corp, Roland, 332
Corra, Bruno, 215
‘Abstract Cinema-Chromatic Music’, 215
Corrs, The, 567
Corti, Jean, 327
Cortot, Alfred, 188, 625
Costello, Elvis, 560, 565
Get Happy, 560
‘High Fidelity’, 560
‘Love for Tender’, 560
‘Temptation’, 560
Cotrell, Louis, 129
Cotton, Billy, 315, 316
Cotton Club, 133, 135, 138, 483
Cotton Club de New York, 313
country music, 45, 309, 332, 418, 424, 425–6, 427, 431, 435, 437, 446, 448, 490, 565, 571
cover version, 429–30, 557, 559–61, 567, 571, 574, 575, 576–8, 593
Coward, Noël, 322, 329
Bitter Sweet, 322
Cowell, Henry, 7, 45, 47, 214, 217–18, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 292, 329, 626
rhythmicon, 221
New Music Society of California, 214, 217, 220
New Music Quarterly, 217
New Musical Resources, 218, 223
The Banshee, 223
A Composition, 222
The Tides of Manaunaun, 214
Pulse, 222
Rhythm–Harmony Quartets, 218
Synchrony, 220
United Quartet, 222
Crane, Stephen, 133
Crawford, Ruth, 214, 218, 220, 626
Preludes for piano, 218
Ricercari, 220
String Quartet, 220
Three Songs, 220
Cream, 626
Creole, 123, 128, 129
Creole Orchestra, 129, 130, 142, 145
creolization, see hybridization
Crickboom, Mathieu, 50
crooning, 307, 313, 319, 403, 432
Cropper, Steve, 434
‘Dock of the Bay’, 434
‘Knock on Wood’, 434
‘In the Midnight Hour’, 434
Crosby, Bing, 205, 315, 317–18, 319, 397, 626
‘I’ll Be Seeing You’, 318
Crosby, Bob, 142, 143, 148
Bob Crosby band, 145
‘Bobcats’, 145, 148
Cross, Burnett, 219
Crow, Sheryl, 488
Crowded House, 488
Crumb, George, 460, 475, 626
Ancient Voices of Children, 460
Black Angels, 475
Vox Balaenae, 460
Cruz, Ivo, 291
Crystals, 433, 563
Cube, Ice, 562, 573
‘The Nigga Yo Love to Hate’, 562
Cubism, 77–8, 87
and Africa, 611
and popular material, 83
cue sheets, 106–7, 192
Cui Jian, 35, 626
Cunningham, Chris, 568
Cunningham, Merce, 349–50
Curran, Alvin (see also Musica Elettronica Viva), 469
Curtis, Ernesto de, 312
‘Come Back to Sorrento’, 312
Cynganeddwyr, Geraint Jarman a’r, 568
DaCosta, Glen, 575
‘Magic Touch’, 575
Dacre, Harry, 93
‘Daisy Bell’, 93
Dada, 186, 189, 216, 558
Dahlhaus, Carl, 1–2, 40, 116, 117, 242, 508
Dale, Dick, 434
‘Let’s Go Trippin’, 434
‘Misirlou’, 434
Dale, Jim, 431
Dallapiccola, Luigi, 272, 378
Damia, 326
Damned, The, 559
dance, 157, 222, 400, 482
dance band, 119, 123, 141, 166, 309, 314–17, 318, 322
music, 127, 128, 134, 156, 175, 193, 239, 315–17, 482
social, 95, 123, 125–6, 139, 154, 156–7, 178, 315, 422
Dancing in the Street, 428
Dangerous Moonlight, 310
Daniel-Lesur (Lesur, Daniel Jean Yves), 289
Dankworth, John, 401, 409
Improvisations for Jazz Band and Symphony Orchestra, 410
Danzi, Michael, 172
Dare, Phyllis, 157–65
Darin, Bobby, 323, 432, 433
version of ‘Mack the Knife’, 323
‘Splish Splash’, 432
Darmstadt Summer School (Ferienkurse), 4, 6, 337, 339–42, 346, 351, 352, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360–1, 453–7, 461, 464, 470, 471, 472, 475, 476, 508, 511, 515, 516, 522, 523, 525, 527, 534
Ensemble, 471
Darrell, R. D., 133
Darren, James, 431, 432
Dartington Summer School, 337, 340
Davenport, Paul, 37
David, Hal, 329, 432, 570
‘Magic Moments’, 329
Davidovsky, Mario, 464
Davies, Ray, 566, 578
‘Waterloo Sunset’, 578
Davies, Peter Maxwell, 627
Davis, Carl, 627
Davis, Clive, 411
Davis, Don, 502
The Matrix, 502, 503
Davis, Miles, 403–5, 406, 407, 411–13, 414, 627
L’ascenseur pour l’échafaud, 407
The Birth of the Cool, 403, 409
Bitches Brew, 412
In a Silent Way, 412
Kind of Blue, 404, 405
On the Corner, 412
Davis, Sammy Jr., 320
Davison, Wild Bill, 145
Dawson, Peter, 311
Day, Doris, 320
‘The day thou gavest’, 118
De Falla, Manuel, 72, 277
Atlántida, 277
Night in the Gardens of Spain, 72
De La Soul, 573
De La Soul is Dead, 573
Three Feet High and Rising, 573
Debussy, Claude, 60, 72, 75, 76, 78, 82, 86, 88, 101, 111, 114, 150, 163, 166, 174, 177, 212, 217, 237, 262, 263, 266, 346, 360, 407, 532, 627
Children’s Corner, 163
‘Golliwogg’s Cake-Walk’, 163
Jeux, 76, 78, 88
La Mer, 72, 78, 114
Pelléas et Mélisande, 78
‘Le petit nègre’, 163
Prélude à ‘L’après-midi d’un faune’, 78
Préludes, 72, 88, 163
‘General Lavine – eccentric’, 163
‘Minstrels’, 163
Dee, Sylvia, 318
‘Too Young’, 318
Deep Listening Ensemble, 543
Dehme, Richard, 79
Weib und Welt, 79
Del Tredici, David, 55, 379
Final Alice, 379
Deleuze, Gilles, 494
Delibes, Léo, 101
Delius, Frederick, 72, 73, 82, 88, 93, 105
Brigg Fair, 73
Hassan, 105
On Hearing the First Cuckoo in Spring, 88
Paris, 93
Summer Night on the River, 72
Dempster, Stuart, 543
Denisov, Edison, 628
Dent, Edward, 233
Denza, Luigi, 97
‘Funiculì – funiculà’, 97
Depression, 63, 137, 141, 142, 148, 183, 220, 292, 313, 422
New Deal, 63, 287
Dermota, Anton, 206
‘Dein ist mein ganzes Herz’, 206
Deslys, Gaby, 163
Desmond, Paul, 403
‘Take Five’, 403
Desormière, Roger, 342, 344
Deutsche Grammophon, 476, 485
DeVeaux, Scott, 4, 401, 402
Dexy’s Midnight Runners, 560, 574
It Was Like This, 574
‘Dance Stance’, 574
Dia Foundation, 550–1
Diaghilev, Sergei, 78, 83, 84, 165, 216, 266, 628
Parade, 83, 169, 219
Polovtsian Dances, 84
The Rite of Spring, 84
Diamond, Neil, 440
The Jazz Singer (1980), 440
Dibangu, Manu, 584, 589–90, 595, 596, 628
Dick, Marcel, 243
Diddley, Bo, 420
Die Hard 2: Die Harder, 499
Dietrich, Marlene, 172, 302, 328, 329, 628
‘Where Have All the Flowers Gone’, 328
Dillon, James, 527
D’Indy, Vincent, 72, 73
Jour d’été à la montagne, 72, 73
Dire Straits, 570
‘Money for Nothing’, 570
disco, 319, 478, 555, 562, 563, 572, 605
Disney, 118, 481
Fantasia, 481
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, 119
dissemination, 18, 45, 55, 92, 139, 167, 407, 430, 435, 436, 482, 491, 503–4, 551, 604
via technology, 40, 41, 52, 55, 110, 113, 125–34, 137, 139, 140, 168, 191, 247, 311, 337, 423, 435, 468, 476, 484, 495–6, 508, 509, 535, 564–5, 595
diversity, see plurality and pluralism
‘Dixie’, 107
Dixie Chicks, 446
Dixieland, 123, 129, 131, 134, 135, 136, 140, 142, 143, 144–7, 148, 150
revival, 147, 156
DJ, 483, 487, 493, 501, 565, 569, 572, 573, 575, 576, 595
djembe, 585
DNA, 569
Dobbri Saxophone Orchestra, 181
Dodd, Ken, 329
‘Tears’, 329
Dodds, Johnny, 130, 147
Dodecaphonic Congress, 340, 341
Dolmetsch, Arnold, 628
Dolphy, Eric, 406, 566
domestic space, 110–11, 160, 311, 479, 482
drawing room, 92
Domingo, Placido, 628
Domino, Antoine ‘Fats’, 425
‘Ain’t That a Shame’, 425
‘Blueberry Hill’, 425
‘Walking to New Orleans’, 425
Donatoni, Franco, 464, 628
Donegan, Lonnie, 435
‘Rock Island Line’, 435
Donizetti, Gaetano, 117
Donna Reed Show, The, 422, 431
‘Don’t Dilly Dally on the Way’, 97
Doors, The, 576, 629
‘Light My Fire’, 576
doo-wop, 425
Dorsey, Jimmy, 132, 135, 141
Dorsey, Tommy, 141, 142, 319, 320, 397
Doucet, Clément, 168
Douglas, Steve, 566
‘downtown’ and ‘uptown’ distinction, 455, 475
Dozier, Lamont, 433
Dreiser, Theodore, 133
Dresher, Paul, 543, 552
Liquid and Stellar Music, 543
SeeHear, 552
The Way of How, 552
Dreyblatt, Arnold, 547–8
Orchestra of Excited Strings, 548
Dreyfus, Max, 98
Drifters, 427, 433, 571
‘Up On the Roof’, 433
‘Under the Boardwalk’, 433
‘On Broadway’, 433
drugs (narcotic), 213, 401, 406, 426, 439, 441–2, 448, 449, 468, 478, 501, 555
Drummers of Burundi, 592
drum ’n’ bass (see also electronic dance music), 487, 573, 575
dub, 487, 574–5, 576
Dubas, Marie, 326
Dubin, Al, 320
‘You’re Getting To Be A Habit with Me’, 320
Duchamp, Marcel, 216, 506
Musical Erratum, 216
Duckworth, William, 543
Southern Harmony, 543
Dudley, Caroline, 169
Dukas, Paul, 94
The Sorcerer’s Apprentice, 94
Dumont, Charles, 326
‘La belle histoire d’amour’, 326
Dunn, Donald ‘Duck’, 434
Dunstable, John, 456
Duparc, Henri, 111
Dutilleux, Henri, 389
Dutiro, Chartwell, 21, 589–90
Dutrey, Honoré, 129
Dvorák, Antonin, 109, 110
Humoresque, 110
Dylan, Bob, 438, 439, 449, 565, 566–7, 574, 593, 629
Biograph, 566
Blood on the Tracks, 574
‘Blowin’ in the Wind’, 439
‘Chimes of Freedom’, 593
Empire Burlesque, 566
Good as I Been to You, 566
Real Live, 574
Street Legal, 566
‘Tangled Up in Blue’, 574
World Gone Wrong, 566, 574
Dzerzhinsky, Ivan, 289
Tikhiy Don (The Quiet Don), 289
Eagle Orchestra, 128
‘early music’, 13, 49, 486
Easthope, Martin, 111
‘Come to the Fair’, 111
Eastwood, Clint, 407
Bird, 407
easy listening (see also light music), 9, 307, 308–9, 317–21, 323, 325–8, 331–3
definition of, 307–8
‘Easy Listening Top Ten’, 329
Ebb, Fred, 323, 325
Cabaret, 323
Chicago, 325
Echo and the Bunnymen
‘Rescue’, 579
Eckstein, Billy, 150, 320, 398, 401
L’ecluse, 328
ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music), 414–15, 493, 549
écriture féminine, 534
Eddy, Duane, 566
Eddy, Nelson, 312
‘Indian Love Call’, 312
Edens, Roger, 96
Edmond de Polignac, Princesse, 169
education, 43, 48, 50, 54, 86, 111, 233, 463, 507, 510, 561–2, 600, 609
Asian-Americans in music education, 65
Egk, Werner, 62
Ehrlich, Cyril, 117, 118
Eicher, Manfred, 414, 493
Eimert, Herbert, 338, 341, 343, 354, 476, 629
Eisenstein, Sergei Mikhailovich, 302
Alexander Nevsky, 302
The Battleship Potemkin, 192
Ivan the Terrible, 302
Eisler, Hanns, 104, 189, 194, 229, 239, 629
Ekyan, André, 140
Elastica, 578
El-Dabh, Halim, 599
El Din, Hamza, 601
Escalay (‘Waterwheel’), 601
Eldridge, Roy, 148, 150
electric guitar, 149, 548–9
guitar solo, 437
Electric Light Orchestra, 561
‘10538 Overture’, 561
electric organ, 97, 433, 437
electronic dance music, 10, 487–8, 490, 493–4, 501, 555–6, 585
electronic music, 222, 346, 412, 413, 454, 457, 464–6, 507, 509, 517, 518, 521, 547, 553, 593, 603
computer music, 466, 507, 511, 512, 520, 534, 535
electronic instruments, 56, 215, 216, 222, 223, 466, 506
electronics with live performer, 339, 341, 354, 355, 464, 466, 512, 517, 535
live electronic music, 222, 223, 455, 465, 466, 468, 470, 512, 535
musique concrète, 216, 337, 338, 343, 465, 466, 476
tape loops, 467, 543
tape music, 338–9, 343, 354, 355, 455
Elfman, Dannie, 629
Elgar, Edward, 5, 51, 93, 102, 105, 109, 118, 373, 486, 493, 630
Dream of Gerontius, 109
Enigma Variations, 93, 102
Falstaff, 103
symphonies, 103
Violin Concerto, 103
Eliot, T. S., 79, 82, 83, 86, 87, 325
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, 79
elitism, see exclusion
Elizalde, Fred, 139, 318
Quinquaginta Ramblers, 139
Ellington, Duke, 133, 135–6, 138, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148, 149, 150, 172, 396–7, 398, 401, 403, 404, 407, 410, 429, 630
Anatomy of a Murder, 407
‘Black and Tan Fantasy’, 135
Black, Brown and Beige, 396
‘Clarinet Lament’, 144
‘Creole Love Call’, 135
‘Creole Rhapsody’, 144
‘Don’t Get Around Much Anymore’, 143
Duke Ellington Orchestra, 144, 483
‘East St. Louis Toodle-oo’, 135
‘Echoes of Harlem’, 144
‘Harlem Airshaft’, 144
‘Ko–Ko’, 144, 150
‘Main Stem’, 144
‘Mood Indigo’, 135, 136
Ellis, Vivian, 310, 322
Bless the Bride, 322
Ellison, Ralph, 400
Eloy, Jean-Claude, 454
Equivalences, 454
Faisceaux-Diffractions, 454
Elton, W. J., 205
Emmett, Roland, 219
Enna, August, 107
Eno, Brian, 502, 555, 556, 568–9, 630
Ambient I: Music for Airports, 555
Discreet Music, 555
Ensemble, 471
Ensemble InterContemporain, 509, 513
Equals, The, 605
Erasmus of Rotterdam, 472
erhu, 20–1
Ernst, Max, 76
eroticism, 85, 101, 102, 139, 170, 182, 197
Ertegun, Ahmet, 433
Escape from the Planet of the Apes, 413
Eshun, Kodwo, 572
E Street Band, 566
ethnicity, see race
Etude, The (periodical), 43
Euba, Akin, 589, 590, 598–601, 608, 630
Chaka, 600
Modern African Music, 601
Scenes from Traditional Life, 599–600
Europe, James Reese, 154, 158, 167, 168, 315, 630
Clef Club Symphony Orchestra, 154
‘Dixie Jass Band One–Step’, 166
Hellfighters Band, 168
‘Livery Stable Blues’, 166
Society Orchestra, 158
Eurovision Song Contest, 3, 330, 331
Eurythmics, 565
‘Sweet Dreams’, 565
Evangelisti, Franco, 469
Random or Not Random, 469
Evans, Bill, 403, 404, 631
Evans, Gil, 404
Evans, Ray, 318
‘Mona Lisa’, 318
Everly Brothers, 425, 426, 427, 429, 431, 435, 436, 439
‘Cathy’s Clown’, 436
‘Lucille’, 429
‘Please Mr Postman’, 436
‘Til There was You’, 436
‘Till I Kissed Ya’, 436
‘Twist and Shout’, 436
‘Wake Up, Little Susie’, 436
Excelsior (band), 128
exclusion, 190, 199, 232, 233, 412, 413, 453, 463, 468
exclusion of young women, 110
exoticism, 84–5, 111, 124, 153–4, 170, 277, 310, 352, 457, 483, 563
exoticization, 35, 36, 596
expressionism, 80, 171, 180, 191, 229, 239, 264, 290, 372, 374
reaction against, 261, 269
extended techniques, 458, 470, 473, 507
Fabares, Shelley, 431
Fabian, 431
Fain, Sammy, 318
‘I’ll Be Seeing You’, 318
Faith, Percy, 311
Faithfull, Marianne, 449, 594
Fall, The, 559, 565, 578
Fanfare magazine, 58
Fanning, David, 391
Farcaş, Dumitru, 496
fascism, 190, 207, 273, 287, 290, 336
Fassie, Brenda, 606
Memeza, 606
Fatboy Slim, 499, 576
Father Knows Best, 422
Faulkner, William, 75
Fauré, Gabriel, 71, 88, 93, 111, 112–13, 119
Pénélopé, 88
Piano Quartet no. 1 in C minor, 111
Fay, Laurel E., 384
Fazola, Irving, 143
Feldman, Morton, 217, 344, 349, 351, 462, 508, 509, 631
Durations, 351, 462
The King of Denmark, 462
Out of Last Pieces . . . , 462
Projections, 344, 351
Vertical Thoughts, 462
feminism, 525, 562
Ferneyhough, Brian, 4, 457, 508, 509, 510, 527–8, 531, 534, 631
Carceri d’Invenzione I, 528
Intermedio all Ciaconna, 527
Kurze Schatten II, 528
Lemma-Icon-Epigram, 527
String Quartet no. 2, 510, 527, 528
String Quartet no. 3, 528
String Quartet no. 4, 528
Superscriptio, 527
Terrain, 528
Time and Motion Study I, 527
Time and Motion Study II, 527
Trittico per Gertrude Stein, 528
Unity Capsule, 527
Ferrari, Luc, 343, 465
Etude aux accidents, 465
Etude aux sons tendus, 465
Music Promenade, 465
Presque rien no. 1, 465
Tête et queue du dragon, 465
Ferré, Léo, 327
Ferrier, Kathleen, 631
Ferry, Bryan, 560, 566
These Foolish Things, 560
Fiddler on the Roof, 578
Fields, Gracie, 314
52nd Street, 148
film, 41, 84, 92, 94, 112, 118, 142, 154, 171, 176, 181, 196, 199, 205, 206, 207, 208, 213, 214, 299, 303, 308, 312, 338, 396, 430, 435, 501, 502–3
film music, 44, 91, 92, 98, 104, 196, 231, 232, 240–1, 302, 303, 309, 310, 318, 332, 378, 403, 406–7, 467, 469, 479, 482, 503, 530, 554
film musical, 112, 114, 323
Indian, 482, 495, 501
silent, 137, 240, 338
music for, 104–7, 191–2, 310
cinema pianist, 108, 199
sound, 96, 97, 104, 107–8, 137, 192, 242–4, 310, 482
surround-sound systems, 500, 503
pornographic, 207
Fingesten, Michael, 197
Finnissy, Michael, 51, 457, 527, 631
Finzi, Gerald, 111
Firman, Sidney, 315
Fischer-Dieskau, Dietrich, 631
Fischinger, Oskar, 222
Fisher, Fred, 320
‘Chicago’, 320
Fitzgerald, Ella, 401, 632
Flanner, Janet, 169
Fleetwood Mac, 449
Flesch, Carl, 50
Fletcher Henderson Orchestra, 131, 135, 141
Fluxus, 463–4, 466, 467
Flynn, Errol, 196
folk music, 46, 63, 157, 220, 435, 437, 438–9, 448, 565
protest, 432
folk traditions, 119
Ford, Henry, 170, 212, 213, 308
My Life and Work, 212
Formby, George, 312
Forster, E. M., 114, 115
Howards End, 114
Forte, Allen, 99
Foster, Hal, 546, 550
Foster, Stephen, 98, 110, 125
‘The Camptown Races’, 98
‘My Old Kentucky Home’, 125
‘Oh! Susanna’, 125
Four Freshmen, 434
Four Tops, 434
4X computer, 507, 512
foxtrot, 98, 99, 126, 156, 158, 169, 172, 174, 176, 177, 178, 180, 181, 183, 213, 408
Francis, Connie, 320, 445, 446
Franck, César, 53
Frankfurt Institute for Social Research, 195
Frankie Goes to Hollywood, 565
‘Relax’, 565
‘Two Tribes’, 565
Franklin, Aretha, 433, 440, 563, 571, 577–8, 632
‘Border Song (Holy Moses)’, 577
‘Bridge Over Troubled Water’, 577
‘Let It Be’, 577
Fraser, Liz, 575
free jazz, 7, 405–6, 410–11, 413, 414, 469, 545
Freed, Alan, 423, 430
Freed, Ralph, 320
‘How About You’, 320
Freeman, Bud, 140
Freud, Sigmund, 80, 81, 86
Friml, Rudolf, 310, 312, 322
film version of Rose Marie, 312
Frith, Simon, 443, 588
Fritsch, Johannes, 460, 470
Modulation I, 460
Fuchs–Robettin, Hanna, 182
Fugees, 573
fuji, 594
Fullman, Ellen, 543
funk, 440, 555, 571–2, 586, 605
Funnicello, Annette, 445
Furtado, Nelly, 587–8
Whoa. Nelly!, 587
‘Hey, Man!’, 587–8
Furtwängler, Wilhelm, 51, 191, 207, 208, 234, 632
Futurism, 6, 77–8, 83, 84, 215–16
Gabriel, Peter, 594, 596, 632
gagaku, 346, 457, 548
gaida, 20, 21
Gaines, Chris, see Brooks, Garth
game scores, 503
gamelan, 349
Gamper, David, 543
Gandhi, Mahatma, 553
Gann, Kyle, 539, 547, 555
American Music in the Twentieth Century, 539
Garbarek, Jan, 414, 493
Officium, 415, 493
Garbuzov, Nikolai, 218
Gardiner, John Eliot, 632
Gare, Lou, 470
Garfunkel, Art, 438–9
Garland, Judy, 317, 320, 632
‘Chicago’, 320
‘Come Rain Come Shine’, 320
Garofalo, Reebee, 428, 442
Gaye, Marvin, 439, 632
‘What’s Going On?’, 439
Gazzelloni, Severino, 359, 470
Gebrauchsmusik, 177, 229, 237, 238, 294
Gehlhaar, Rolf, 470
gender, representations of, 84, 158, 422, 480–1, 519, 523, 524, 559, 562–3, 577–8
femininity, 76, 81–2, 84
feminization of genre, 320–1
genre gendered female, 152–3, 169, 170, 179, 201, 326
identity, 562, 577–8
masculinity, 158, 179–80, 182, 431, 559
Genovese, Eugene, 420
Roll, Jordan, Roll, 420
genre, 18, 230, 247, 248, 262, 488–9, 493, 558–61, 566–7, 568, 576, 586, 589–90, 591
construction of, 482–3, 490–1, 593–5, 596–7, 606
via technology, 424, 484–7
continuity, 37
gender, 152–3, 169, 170, 179, 201, 326
race, 424
westernization of non-Western genres, 29, 31, 32, 497
George, Stefan, 239
Gereformeerde Blues Band, 605
Gerhard, Roberto, 364
German, Edward, 95, 105
Merrie England, 95
Gershwin, George, 96, 98, 99, 111, 116, 119, 154, 235, 322, 367, 408, 432, 444, 554, 632
An American in Paris, 235
Girl Crazy, 322
‘Embraceable You’, 322
‘I Got Rhythm’, 322
Let ’Em Eat Cake, 323
Of Thee I Sing, 322
Porgy and Bess, 116, 322
Rhapsody in Blue, 119, 154
Gershwin, Ira, 96, 322
Girl Crazy, 322
‘Embraceable You’, 322
‘I Got Rhythm’, 322
Porgy and Bess, 322
Getz, Stan, 407
Gidget, 431
Gilbert, L. Wolfe, 314
‘Ragging the Baby to Sleep’, 314
Gilbert, Olive, 113
Gilbert, W. S., 95, 99, 118, 321
Gilels, Emil, 633
Gillespie, Dizzy, 150, 398, 401, 413, 633
Gillett, Charlie, 423, 442
Giordano, Umberto, 116, 287
Inno Imperiale, 287
Inno nazionale, 287
Giteck, Janice, 543
Om Shanti, 543
Giuffre, Jimmy, 409
Glass, Philip, 40, 392, 467, 468, 469, 502, 509, 541–2, 544, 545, 549, 551–2, 553, 554, 556, 584, 603, 633
La belle et la bête, 554
Einstein on the Beach, 541, 551–2
Glassworks, 549
Koyaanaqatsi, 554, 555
Music in Contrary Motion, 467
Music in Fifths, 467
Music in Twelve Parts, 541
Satyagraha, 553
‘Spring Waterfall’, 603
Glinka, Mikhail, 266, 302
Global Underground, 585
‘London Zulu’, 585
globalization, 8, 11, 65, 496, 501
Globokar, Vinko, 456, 471, 473, 633
Laboratorium, 473
Glock, William, 340, 341
Godowsky, Leopold, 633
Goehr, Alexander, 77, 456, 633
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 252–3
Goeyvaerts, Karel, 341, 343, 346, 542, 634
Pourque les fruits mûrissent cet été (May the Fruits Ripen this Summer), 542
Goffin, Gerry, 432
Goldkette, Jean, 135
Goldman, Albert, 443
Goldsmith, Jerry, 413, 634
Escape from the Planet of the Apes, 413
Goll, Yvan, 180
Gollwitsch, Rupert, 206
Gonella, Nat, 140
Goodman, Alice, 553–4
The Death of Klinghoffer, 553
Nixon in China, 553–4
Goodman, Benny, 135, 137, 141, 142, 143, 148–9, 150, 316, 396, 402, 634
Benny Goodman Orchestra, 140, 141, 143, 149
Goodman Quartet, 147, 149
Goodman Quintet, 148
Goodman Sextet, 148–9
Goodman Trio, 147, 148, 150
‘Sometimes I’m Happy’, 143
Goossens, Eugene, 107
Gordon, Michael, 546
I Buried Paul, 546
Trance, 546
Gordy, Berry Jr., 433, 434
Gore, Lesley, 447
‘It’s My Party (and I’ll Cry if I Want To)’, 447
Lesley Gore Sings of Mixed-Up Hearts, 447
‘You Don’t Own Me’, 447
Górecki, Henryk, 40, 392, 456, 458, 549, 634
Genesis cycle, 458
Symphony no. 3, 392
Gorky, Maxim, 288
On Socialist Realism, 288
Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci, 567
Patio, 567
gospel, 110, 424–5, 426, 427, 429, 433, 437, 440, 444, 567, 577, 588
Goths, 418
Gould, Glenn, 634
Gounod, Charles, 93, 109, 312
film version of Faust, 312
Graener, Paul, 62
Graham, Brendan, 331
‘The Voice’, 331
Graham, Harry, 312
‘Goodbye’, 312
Grainger, Percy, 152, 219, 221, 634
Gramophone magazine, 58
Grandmaster Flash, 572, 573
‘The Message’, 573
Grappelli, Stéphane, 140, 635
Grateful Dead, 412, 468, 635
Grease, 422
Green, Charlie, 135
Greenaway, Peter, 554
The Draughtsman’s Contract, 554
Drowning by Numbers, 554
Greenberg, Florence, 448
Greenfield, Howard, 432
Greenwich, Ellie, 432
Grieg, Edvard, 106, 107, 111, 203
Griffiths, D. W., 107
The Birth of a Nation, 107
Griffiths, Paul, 301, 342
griots, 584, 594
Grisey, Gérard, 635
Groat, Andrew de, 552
Grofé, Ferde, 134, 135, 170
Groove Armada, 333
Goodbye Country, 333
Grossmith, George, 157–8, 329
Midnight Follies, 329
Grossmith, Lawrence, 158
Grosz, Georg, 69, 176, 189, 209
Grosz, Wilhelm, 181–2
Achtung! Aufnahme!, 182
Baby in der Bar, 181
‘Isle of Capri’, 182
Jazzband, 181
‘Red Sails in the Sunset’, 182
Second Dance Suite, 181
Groupe de Recherches Musicales (GRM), 343, 465, 471
Concert collectif, 471
Gruenberg, Louis, 152–3, 178, 183
The Daniel Jazz, 178
Jazz-Masks, 178
Jazz-Suite, 178
Jazzberries, 178
Jazzettes, 178
Gruppo Nuova Consonanza, 469
Guattari, Felix, 494
Gubaidulina, Sofia, 3, 509, 530–1, 635
Offertorium, 531
The Seven Words of Christ, 531
String Quartet no. 2, 531
Zeitgestalten, 531
Guevara, Che, 472
Guilbert, Yvette, 95, 327, 328
Guiraud, Ernest, 80
Gurney, Ivor, 111
Guthrie, Gwen, 563
Guthrie, Woody, 438, 635
‘This Land Is Your Land’, 438
Gwenzi, Gwanzura, 610
Nyamaropa, 610
gypsies, 140, 420
music of, 321
and National Socialism, 62
Haase, Erich, 271
Hába, Alois, 176, 221
habañera, 165, 180, 420
Hackett, Bobby, 142, 145, 148
Hageman, Richard, 111
Hahn, Reynaldo, 93, 322
Ciboulette, 322
Haitink, Bernard, 635
Hakmoun, Hassan, 602
Saade (‘I’m Happy’), 602
Wawshishijay (‘Our Beginning’), 602
Halee, Roy, 563
Haley, Bill, 139, 331, 425, 635
and the Comets 419, 426
‘Rock Around the Clock’, 419
‘See Ya Later, Alligator’, 426
Hall, Edmond, 145, 146
Hall, Henry, 314, 315
The Teddy Bears’ Picnic, 314
Hamm, Charles, 110, 317
Hammerstein, Oscar I, 96
Hammerstein, Oscar II, 96, 322, 323, 366
The King and I, 323
Music in the Air, 90–1, 116
Oklahoma, 323
Show Boat, 96, 322
‘Can’t Help Lovin’ Dat Man’, 322
The Sound of Music, 323
South Pacific, 323
Hammond, John, 149
Hammond organ, 97, 433, 437
Hampton, Lionel, 147, 148, 316
Hancock, Herbie, 404, 412, 413, 595
Headhunters, 412
Rockit, 413
Handel, George Frideric, 241, 268, 296
Concerto Grosso, op. 6, no. 7, 255
Handy, W. C., 166–7
‘Memphis Blues’, 166–7
‘St. Louis Blues’, 166–7
Hanson, Howard, 379
‘happenings’, 349, 463
Happy Days, 422
Harbach, Otto, 317
‘Smoke gets in Your Eyes’, 317
Harburg, E. Y., 319
‘Old Devil Moon’, 319
hard bop, 402, 405
Hardcastle, Paul, 565
‘19’, 565
Hardy, Françoise, 320
Harlem Hamfats, 139
Harnoncourt, Nikolaus, 636
Harris, Roy, 63, 292, 303, 379, 408
Symphony no. 3, 292, 303
Symphony no. 4, 292
Symphony no. 6, 292
Harrison, Lou, 222, 223, 636
Canticle #1, 223
Fifth Simphony, 223
Song of Quetzalcoatl, 223
Hart, Lorenz, 96, 98, 118, 323
‘My Funny Valentine’, 118
Babes in Arms, 98
‘The Lady is a Tramp’, 98
‘My Funny Valentine’, 403
Hartleben, Otto Erich, 80
Hartmann, Karl Amadeus, 372
Harvey, Jonathan, 528, 636
Harvey, P. J., 567, 578
Dry, 567
Hatch, John, 308
Haubenstock-Ramati, Roman, 463, 476
Hauer, Josef, 243, 636
Hausmann, Raoul, 186
Havel, Vaclav, 496
Havilland, Olivia de, 196
Hawkins, Coleman, 131, 135, 140, 148, 149, 150, 636
Hawkins, Peter, 327
Hawkins, Ronnie, 439
Hawks, The (aka The Band), 439
Haydn, Joseph, 47, 51, 65, 236, 242, 510, 530
L’isola disabitata, 530
Hayes, Isaac, 502
Shaft, 502
Hayworth, Rita, 112
Haza, Ofra, 490
‘Hearts and Flowers’, 94
Heart’s Desire, 205
heavy metal, 558, 559, 573
Hebdige, Dick, 443
Hedges, Anthony, 332
Heger, Robert, 51
Heifetz, Jascha, 50, 636
Helm, Evrett, 340
Helm, Levon, 439
Helmholtz, Hermann von, 211, 212, 224
The Sensations of Tone, 211, 215
Henderson, Fletcher, 637
Hendrix, Jimi, 419, 425, 442, 448, 468, 562, 637
Henley, Don, 566
Hennion, Antoine, 308
Henry, Pierre, 343, 465, 637
Symphonie pour un homme seul, 343
Hensel, Heinrich, 199
Hentoff, Nat, 405
Henze, Hans Werner, 55, 339, 340, 354, 372, 472–3, 637
Bassariden, 472
Being Beauteous, 472
Concerto per il Marigny, 472
Kammermusik 1958, 472
Landartz, 339
Der langwierige Weg in die Wohnung von Natasha Ungeheuer, 473
Symphony no. 2, 340
Versuch über Schweine, 473
Hepokoski, James, 69, 197
Herbert, Victor, 100, 310, 322
Herc, DJ Kool, 572
Herlinger, Ruzena, 232, 239
Herman, Bongo, 575
Herman, Woody, 141, 142, 143, 148, 150, 402, 408
Heron, Gil Scott, 422
Herrmann, Bernard, 44, 108, 407, 502, 503, 637
Psycho, 502
Taxi Driver, 407
Herskovits, Melville, 420
The Myth of the Negro Past, 420
Herz, Djane, 214
Heseltine, Philip [Peter Warlock], 183
Hespos, Hans Joachim, 473
Hesse, Hermann, 192
Der Steppenwolf, 192
Heston, Charlton, 108
Heykens, Jonny, 310
Heyward, Du Bose, 322
Porgy and Bess, 322
Hickman, Art, 134, 135
Hicks, Michael, 218
hierarchic organicism, 371
Higginson, Henry Lee, 56
‘high’ and ‘low’ cultural distinction, 9, 61, 82, 83, 94, 111, 117–18, 194, 207, 308, 331–2, 480, 481, 488–9, 535
High Society, 318
highlife, 596
Hill, Dave, 478
Hill, Lauryn, 573
Hilliard, Harriet, 420
Hilliard Ensemble, 493
Officium, 415, 493
Hindemith, Paul, 81, 156, 157, 177–8, 181, 190, 207, 229, 237, 239, 264, 269, 274, 277–8, 279, 294–6, 301, 352, 371, 372, 374, 375–6, 377, 390, 638
Cardillac, 376
Concert Music for Piano, Brass, and Harps, op. 49, 295
The Craft of Musical Composition, 375
Funeral music for King George V, 295
Hin und züruck, 181
Kammermusik no. 1, 177
Ludus tonalis, 274
Das Marienleben, 375
Mass, 376
Mathis der Maler, 277–8, 294–5, 301
Neues vom Tage, 181
Ragtime wohltemperiert, 177, 274
Der Schwanendreher, 295
Suite 1922, 177
Tuba Sonata, 376
Tuttifäntchen, 177
Unterweisung im Tonsatz, 295, 352
‘Vidit Joannes Jesum’, 376
Hines, Earl, 136–7, 398, 401
Hinton, Stephen, 238
hiphop, 47–8, 483, 490, 555, 562, 563, 567, 570, 572–3, 586, 606
hippies, 412, 439
Hiroshima, 389
Hitler, Adolf, 61, 174, 196, 206, 238, 255, 282
Hoch Conservatory, Frankfurt, 173, 199
Hodges, Johnny, 136, 143, 149
Hoffmann, E. T. A., 210, 220, 224, 271
Fantasiestücke in Callots Manier, 271
Hofmann, Josef, 638
Hofmannsthal, Hugo von, 101, 199, 276
Alcestis, 276
Elektra, 276
Oresteia, 276
Hogwood, Christopher, 638
Hölderlin, Friedrich, 517
Diotima, 517
Hole, 579
Celebrity Skin, 579
Holiday, Billie, 148, 149, 318, 322, 401
‘I’ll Be Seeing You’, 318
‘Me, Myself and I’, 149
Hollaender, Friedrich, 171, 172, 328
Bitte Einsteigen, 172
‘Ich bin von Kopf bis Fuss’, 172
Holland, Brian, 433
Holland, Eddie, 433
Holliger, Heinz, 470, 471, 638
Holloway, Loleatta, 565
‘Love Sensation’, 565
Holloway, Robin, 9, 10, 390, 391, 532
Holly, Buddy, 427, 428, 431, 638
and the Crickets, 427, 435
Hollywood, 44, 95, 107–8, 114, 120, 196, 202, 206, 302, 313, 318, 325, 406, 432, 499, 501, 554, 579
musicals in, 96, 313, 432
Holst, Gustav, 5
Holt, Simeon ten, 542
Canto Ostinato, 542
Honegger, Arthur, 109, 174, 638
King David, 109
Joan of Arc, 109
Sonatine for clarinet and piano, 174
hook, 94
‘Hootchy kootchy dance’, 94
Hopkins, Claude, 169
Horkheimer, Max, 191, 195
Horlick, Harry, 311
Horn, Trevor, 565
Horowitz, Vladimir, 43, 638
house (see also electronic dance music), 493, 573, 595, 606
Hovhaness, Alan, 549
Howarth, Elgar, 456
Howlin’ Wolf, 437
Huber, Klaus, 639
Huber, Nicolaus A., 534, 639
Hughes, Robert, 87
humour, 129, 139
Humperdinck, Engelbert, 106, 329
Königskinder, 106
Hunter, Alberta, 126, 316
Hurley, Steve ‘Silk’, 565
‘Jack Your Body’, 565
Huxley, Aldous, 210, 212–14, 215, 220, 221, 222, 223–4, 225
Brave New World, 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 220, 221, 222, 223–4, 225
Brave New World Revisited, 213, 223
Island, 224
Jesting Pilate, 214, 221
hybridization (see also hybrids), 9, 497
politics of hybridization, 444–5, 563–4, 586–9, 596–7
creolization, 421, 423, 445
hybrids (see also hybridization):
African musics, 33–4, 593–5, 606, 607
African art music, 597, 598–602, 609–11
and Western musics, 584–9, 594–5, 603–4
jazz, 124
and Western art music, 144, 150
jazz fusions, 404, 405, 411–13, 414, 415
musical, 323
and pop, 324, 325
rock, 419–21, 424, 435–6, 444–5
and Western art music, 436, 442, 468, 502
and non-Western musics, 563–4
Tin Pan Alley and film music, 317
Western art music, 268, 296, 535
and folk, 193, 260, 289, 296, 298, 302
and jazz, 152–83, 239, 260, 269, 292, 294, 296, 545
and non-Western musics, 222, 301, 349, 546: African, 514, 600, 611–12; Japanese, 8, 457; South American, 274, 290–6, 352
and popular music, 152–83, 193–5, 252, 294
and rock, 456, 468, 502, 545, 546, 547–9, 556
Hyde, Alex, 172
Hylton, Jack, 156, 168, 312, 314
‘He Played His Ukulele as the Ship Went Down’, 314
Ibrahim, Abdullah, 608, 639
Ice T, 573
Ich glaub nie mehr an einer Frau, 206
Ichiyanagi, Toshi, 462
identity, 25–6, 36, 79, 236, 244, 255, 433, 529, 557, 561–4, 567–8, 572–3, 576, 577–8
national identity (see also nationalism), 64, 115–16, 155, 157, 170, 191, 266–7, 269, 303, 312, 313, 330, 331, 372, 373, 456, 589, 591–2, 593
If I Were a Carpenter, 567
I’m Your Fan, 567
immigration, see migration and human movement
imperialism, 25, 35, 85, 109, 481, 588, 589, 591, 596
and culture, 9, 11, 594
impressionism, 45, 71–3, 79
improvisation, 11, 50, 107, 136–7, 147, 156, 167, 175, 192, 303, 319, 359, 395, 398–9, 402, 403, 404, 409, 410, 411, 412, 466, 469–70, 489
church organist, 108
composition, distinction between, 463
free improvisation, 469, 493, 494
jazz solo, 131, 134, 135, 147, 315, 399, 400
indeterminacy (see also stochastics), 4, 212, 216, 224, 349, 351, 357–9, 360, 410, 454, 457, 458, 465, 469, 519, 520, 526
Institut voor Sonologie, 465
institutions, 18, 20–1, 22, 29–30, 49, 84, 190, 191, 230, 232, 234, 336–8, 461, 506–8, 513, 521, 523, 535, 608
research, 465, 507
instruments, 20–1, 22, 29–30, 216, 221–2, 564
new instruments, 216, 466, 506
radios, 223
turntables, 223
typewriter, 216
International Composers’ Guild, 190, 217
International Monetary Fund, 592
International Society for Contemporary Music (ISCM), 178, 190, 233, 235, 264, 340, 346, 453
Internet, 337, 478, 479, 494, 498, 499, 500, 504, 508, 535, 565, 574
illegal music downloads, 499
intonarmori, 215–16
IRCAM (Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/ Musique), 506–8, 509, 510, 511, 512, 520, 534
Ireland, John, 111
Irele, Abiola, 603, 604
Irving, Sir Henry, 105
Irwin, May, 95
Isaac, Heinrich, 254
Isley Brothers, 428, 436
‘Twist and Shout’, 436
Ives, Charles, 6, 13, 45, 47, 70, 76, 84, 103, 217, 218, 219–20, 224, 225, 345, 639
The Celestial Railroad, 219
‘Concord’ Sonata, 219
Emerson Transcriptions, 219
First Orchestral Set, 220
In Re Con Moto et al., 219
Largo Risolutos, 219
Symphony no. 4, 218, 219
Tone Roads, 219
Universe Symphony, 219, 224
Iwamoto, Yoshikazu, 22
Jackson, Al, 434
Jackson, Ellis, 316
Jackson, Jack, 316
Jackson, Michael, 498, 568, 639
History, 568
Jackson, Milt, 402
Jagger, Mick, 419, 436, 437, 449, 565
Jalowetz, Heinrich, 240
Jam, The, 561
‘Start’, 561
James, 569
James, Harry, 142, 143, 149, 317, 319, 402
Jan and Dean, 434
Janáček, Leoš, 47, 101, 115, 639
Jancks, Charles, 461
Janowitz, Otto, 232
Jardine, Al, 434
Jarre, Jean-Michel, 311
Oxygène, 311
Jarre, Maurice, 640
Jarrett, Keith, 414
jazz, 4–5, 8, 45, 46, 87, 99, 111, 115, 119, 123–51, 192–3, 197, 213, 303, 309, 311, 313, 317, 318, 319, 321, 366, 395–415, 422–3, 425, 428, 432, 433, 435, 436, 441–2, 444, 469, 479, 482, 483, 486, 488, 489, 490, 493, 494, 495, 497, 545, 560, 567, 594, 605, 607
and communism, 62
definition of, 4, 130, 134, 142–3, 155–6, 315, 395–7, 398, 411, 423
fans, 134, 139, 145, 150, 315, 412
in film, 406–7, 408, 413
and gender, 315
head, 143, 149
jazz solo, 131
and National Socialism, 62, 174
as Other, 171
and race, 8, 123, 128, 149, 315, 400, 406
Jazzband-Musiker-Union, 171
jazz-rock fusion, 404, 405, 411–13, 414, 415
Jazz Singer, The (1927), 240, 310, 314, 431
Jazz Singer, The (1980), 440
JBs, The, 573
Jefferson Airplane, 448–9, 640
Takes off, 449
Jencks, Charles, 523
Jerger, Alfred, 195
Jessel, Léon, 321
‘Jesus bids us shine’, 110
Jezek, Jaroslav, 176–7
jiti, 604
jitterbug, 142, 317
Jobarteh, Amadu Bansang, 592
Jobarteh, Malamini, 592
Jobim, Antonio Carlos, 407, 640
music in Black Orpheus, 407
‘Desafinado’, 407
‘The Girl from Ipanema’, 407
jocho, 604
Joel, Billy, 422
‘We Didn’t Start the Fire’, 422
John, Elton, 577
‘Border Song (Holy Moses)’, 577
Johns, Jasper, 349
Johnson, Bill, 129
Johnson, Bunk, 145, 146
Johnson, Charles, 177
Johnson, J. J., 409
Johnson, James P., 136
‘Carolina Shout’, 136
Johnson, Robert, 446, 640
Johnson, Scott, 553
John Somebody, 553
Johnson, Tom, 544, 550
Jolivet, André, 289, 640
Jolson, Al, 180, 314, 431
The Jazz Singer (1927), 240, 310, 314, 431
‘Ragging the Baby to Sleep’, 314
Jone, Hildegard, 253
Jones, A. M., 585
Studies in African Music, 585
Jones, Booker T., 434
‘Booker T and the MGs’, 434, 560
‘Green Onions’, 434
‘Time is Tight’, 560
Jones, Daniel, 339
Under Milk Wood, 339
Jones, LeRoi, 400, 406
Jones, Thad, 402
Jones, Tom, 329
‘Delilah’, 329
Jones, Quincy, 640
Joplin, Janis, 442, 448, 469
‘Me and Bobby McGee’, 448
‘Mercedes Benz’, 448
Joplin, Scott, 125, 154, 160, 163, 640
Jordan, Louis, 139
Tympany Five, 139
Jordanaires, The, 425
Jouannet, Gérard, 327
Joy Division, 559, 579
Unknown Pleasures, 579
‘She’s Lost Control’, 579
Joyce, Archibald, 315
Joyce, James, 54, 75, 76, 82, 347, 519–20, 534
Finnegans Wake, 75, 519
Ulysses, 534
juju, 594, 595, 596
Jules, Judge, 572
Juluka, 605, 607
Jung, Carl, 80
jungle, 573
Kaempfert, Bert, 311
Kafka, Franz, 339
Kafui, Kenn, 599
Kagel, Mauricio, 453, 455, 461, 464, 473, 474, 641
Acustica, 473
Anagrama, 453
Hallelujah, 474
Heterophonie, 455, 461
Match, 461
Music for Renaissance Instruments, 461
Scheissklänge, exploration of, 473
Staatstheater, 461
Tremens, 455
Kahal, Irving, 318
‘I’ll Be Seeing You’, 318
Kaiser, Georg, 180
Kalahari Surfers, 605
kalimba, 606–7, 609
Kálmán, Emmerich, 47, 321
Die Csárdásfürstin, 321
Die Herzogin von Chicago, 321
Kamen, Michael, 499
Die Hard 2: Die Harder, 499
Kancheli, Giya, 493
Kander, John, 323, 325
Cabaret, 323
Chicago, 325
Kandinsky, Wassily, 76, 120
Composition, 120
Kane, Helen, 315
Kante, Mory, 641
Kantner, Paul, 449
Kaprow, Allen, 463
Karajan, Herbert von, 366, 484–5, 492, 641
Kaye, Buddy, 307
‘Till the End of Time’, 307
Kaye, Carole, 448
Kaye, Lenny, 560
Nuggets, 560
Kaye, Sammy, 142
Kayn, Roland, 469
Keita, Salif, 593, 594, 641
Kelemen, Milko, 456
Keller, Greta, 329
kemençe, 29–30
Kemp, Ian, 375, 376, 390
Kennedy, Jimmy, 314
words for The Teddy Bears’ Picnic, 314
Kennedy, John F., 43
Kennedy, Nigel, 486
Kennedy-Fraser, Marjory, 311
Songs from the Hebrides, 311
Kenton, Stan, 150, 402, 484, 485
‘Artistry in Rhythm’, 484
Kenton in Hi-Fi, 484
Keppard, Freddie, 129, 147
Kern, Jerome, 95, 96, 98, 99, 105, 112, 118, 119, 317, 322, 366, 432, 641
Music in the Air, 90–1, 116
Show Boat, 96, 322
‘Can’t Help Lovin’ Dat Man’, 322
Sitting Pretty, 119
‘Smoke Gets in Your Eyes’, 317
‘They Didn’t Believe Me’, 119
You Were Never Lovelier, 112
‘Dearly Beloved’, 112, 114
Kessler, Harry, 189
Ketèlbey, Albert, 102, 310
‘In a Monastery Garden’, 102
‘In the Mystic Land of Egypt’, 310
Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali, 30, 31, 641
Khumalo, Bakithi, 587, 588
Khumalo, Mzilikaze, 608
Kidjo, Angelique, 594, 642
Kienzl, Wilhelm, 200
Der Evangelimann, 200
Kilar, Wojiech, 458
Diphthongos, 458
King, Albert, 437
King, B. B., 139, 437
King, Carole, 432, 440, 448, 565
Tapestry, 440
King, Freddie, 437
King, Martin Luther Jr., 577
King Kong, 108, 120
Kingston Trio, 327, 438
‘Seasons in the Sun’, 327
Kinks, 441, 578
‘Waterloo Sunset’, 578
Kirshner, Don, 433
kitsch, 116–17, 206
Klebe, Giselher, 354
Klee, Paul, 279, 347, 348
Kleiber, Erich, 235
Klemperer, Otto, 50, 207, 234, 642
klezmer, 27–8, 497
Klimt, Gustav, 41
Auditorium at the Old Burgtheater, 41
Klose, Othmar, 312
‘Hör mein Lied, Violetta’, 312
Knepler, Georg, 1–2
Knowles, Alison, 463
Knussen, Oliver, 510, 642
Kodály, Zoltán, 173, 642
Koechlin, Charles, 176
Koenig, Gottfried Michael, 453, 465, 476
Funktion, 465
Klangfiguren II, 453
Terminus, 465
Koger, Géo, 313
‘J’ai deux amours’, 313
Kokoschka, Oskar, 81
Mörder Hoffnung der Frauen, 81
Kolisch, Rudolf, 234, 262, 265, 642
Kolisch Quartet, 235
Komeda, Krzysztof, 407
Knife in the Water, 407
Komorous, Rudolf, 456
Kong Jiabing, 23
Konitz, Lee, 399
Konius, Georgii, 218
Kontarsky, Alfons, 471
Kontarsky, Aloys, 471
Konte, Dembo, 592
Kooning, Willem de, 344
Koons, Jeff, 46
Kopelent, Marek, 456
kora, 584, 585, 589–90, 591, 592, 603, 609, 610
Korner, Alexis, 437
Korngold, Erich Wolfgang, 13, 44, 84, 106, 108, 188, 195, 196, 200, 202, 204, 206, 208, 302, 502, 642
The Adventures of Robin Hood, 196
Eine Nacht in Venedig, 188
The Sea Hawk, 502
Die Tote Stadt, 196, 200
Das Wunder der Heliane, 195–6, 200, 202
Koussevitzky, Serge, 643
Kouyante, Kausu, 592
Kraftwerk, 555, 643
Trans-Europe Express, 555
Kramer, Lawrence, 84–5
Krauss, Alison, 446
Kreisler, Fritz, 50, 310, 643
Kremer, Gidon, 531
Krenek, Ernst, 154, 157, 178, 181, 182, 194–5, 196, 204, 229, 237, 238, 239, 273, 277, 292, 301, 340, 476, 643
Jonny spielt auf, 178–80, 181, 182, 193–6
‘Jonny’s Triumph-Lied’, 179
Karl V, 277, 301
Kleine Symphonie, 180
satirized in Schoenberg’s Von Heute auf Morgen, 182
Schwergewicht, oder die Ehre der Nation, 180
Der Sprung über den Schatten, 178
‘Tanzstudie’, 178
‘Toccata und Chaconne’, 178
Kreutzer, Rudolph, 50
Kronos Quartet, 602, 608
Pieces of Africa, 602, 608
Krupa, Gene, 147, 408
Kuh, Anton, 207
Kunda, Jali, 584
Kunstjazz, 155
Kunz, Charlie, 314
Kurtág, György, 643
Kuti, Fela, 594, 595, 643
Kuti, Femi, 586, 594
Blackman Know Yourself, 594
kwaito, 586, 606
Kwenda, Forward, 589–90
Labi, Gyimah, 597, 598, 599
Dialects, 597
Timpani Concerto, 598
Labroca, Mario, 354
Lachenmann, Helmut, 473, 509, 518, 644
Salut für Caudwell, 473
Lack, Théodore, 163
Ladysmith Black Mambazo, 563, 587, 588, 644
Laforgue, Jules, 80
Laine, Frankie, 320
Lamb, Joseph, 125
Lambert, Constant, 157, 183
Concerto for Piano and Nine Players, 183
Elegiac Blues, 183
The Rio Grande, 183
Lambert, Donald, 136
‘Land of Hope and Glory’, 118
Landowska, Wanda, 644
Lane, Burton, 319, 320
‘How About You’, 320
‘Old Devil Moon’, 319
Lang, David, 546
Are You Experienced?, 546
Lang, Eddie, 140
Lang, Fritz, 191
Metropolis, 191
Langey, Otto, 107
Lanner, Josef, 309
Lanois, Daniel, 569
Lanza, Mario, 312
Larkin, Colin, 327
Encyclopedia of Popular Music, 327
Larocca, Nick, 129
Lasker-Wallfisch, Anita, 208
Last, James, 311
Laswell, Bill, 595
Lauder, Harry, 95, 312
launeddas, 20, 21
Laurel and Hardy, 307
Lavelle, James, 576
Lawrence, D. H., 76, 221
Leadbelly (Huddie Ledbetter), 424, 435, 644
‘Rock Island Line’, 435
League of Composers, 235
Leath, Vaughn de, 315
Leave It to Beaver, 422, 431
Leça, Armando, 291
Le Corbusier, 54, 344
Led Zeppelin, 644
Lee, Brenda, 320, 446
Lee, Peggy, 320
Lee, Spike, 407
Mo’ Better Blues, 407
Leeuw, Reinbert de, 471
Reconstructie, 471
Léger, Fernand, 175
Création du monde, 175
Legge, Walter, 489
Legrand, Michel, 644
Lehár, Franz, 96, 191, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 311, 321, 644
Frasquita, 204
‘Hab’ ein blaues Himmelbett’, 204
Friederike, 321
Die gelbe Jacke, 204
revived as Das Land des Lächelns, 204, 205, 206
‘Du bist mein ganzes Herz’ (You are my heart’s delight), 204
The Merry Widow, 96
Paganini, 321
Lehmann, Lotte, 200
Leiber, Jerry, 427, 432, 433, 446
‘Hound Dog’, 446
Leibowitz, Annie, 448
Leibowitz, René, 340, 343, 347, 645
Leigh, Mike
Abigail’s Party, 331
Leip, Hans, 328
‘Lili Marleen’, 328–9
Lemmy, 572
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich, 288, 300
Lennon, John, 431, 436, 441, 443, 560, 565
Lennox, Annie, 565, 645
Lenoir, Jean, 311
‘Parlez-moi d’amour’, 311
Lentz, Daniel, 543
Leoncavallo, Ruggero, 100, 116
Lepée, Louis, 326
Lerner, Alan Jay, 324
My Fair Lady, 324
Les Six, 83, 174, 183, 190
Letts, Don, 558
Westway to the World, 558
Levine, James, 645
Lewis, George, 146
Lewis, Jerry Lee, 425, 426, 428
Lewis, John (see also Modern Jazz Quartet), 402–3, 409
Lewis, Meade Lux, 425
Lewis, Mel, 402
Lewis, Myra, 428
Lewisohn, L., 300
The Eternal Road, 300
Leydi, Roberto, 339
Liberace, 314, 645
Lichtenstein, Roy, 46
Liebermann, Rolf, 409
Concerto for Jazz Band and Symphony Orchestra, 409
Ligeti, György, 389, 453, 455, 458, 459, 461, 464, 473, 509, 514–15, 516, 522, 528, 531, 542, 584, 585, 645
Apparitions, 453
Atmosphères, 458, 514
Aventures, 461
Boulez’s Structures, Book 1, analysis of the opening piece of, 522
Le grand macabre, 514
Horn Trio, 514, 515
Monument-Selbstportrait-Bewegung, 514
‘Selbstportrait mit Reich and Riley (und Chopin ist auch dabei)’, 514, 542
Nouvelles aventures, 461
Piano Concerto, 515
piano études, 515
Poème symphonique, 464, 514
Requiem, 455, 461, 473
Trois bagatelles, 464
Violin Concerto, 515
Volumina, 459
Die Zukunft der Musik, 464
light music (see also easy listening), 3, 9, 92, 102, 193, 307, 308–12, 314, 317, 321–5, 330, 332–3, 489, 560
definition of, 307–8
folk music influence on, 311
rock music influence on, 311
Lincke, Paul, 310
Lincoln, Abraham, 292
Lind, Jenny, 60
Lindberg, Magnus, 3, 645
Lindsay, Vachel, 178
Lion, Jah, 575
‘Soldier and Police War’, 575
Lippman, Sid, 318
‘Too Young’, 318
Lipson, Steve, 565
Liszt, Franz, 47, 51, 78, 107, 187, 461
Liebestraum no. 3, 461
Les Préludes, 78
Little Richard, 645
Liu Tianhua, 21
Live Aid, 568
Livingston, Jay, 318
‘Mona Lisa’, 318
Lloyd, Marie, 95
‘Don’t Dilly Dally on the Way’, 97
Lloyd Webber, Andrew, 3, 47, 118, 309, 324–5, 646
Cats, 325
Evita, 324, 557
Jesus Christ Superstar, 108, 324, 325
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat, 324
Phantom of the Opera, 324, 325
Sunset Boulevard, 325
Lo, Ismael, 594
Locke, Josef, 311–12
Loesser, Frank, 47
Loewe, Frederick, 322, 324
My Fair Lady, 324
Logothetis, Anestis, 463
Lomax, Alan, 34, 585
Lombardo, Guy, 142, 315
His Royal Canadians, 315
London, Kurt, 104
London Sinfonietta, 509, 510, 513
Loos, Adolf, 54
Lopez, Ray, 129
Lopez, Vincent, 315
Lorca, Federico García, 352
Loriod, Yvonne, 341, 646
Lortat-Jacob, Bernard, 21–2
lounge music, 307–8
loungecore, 307
Lourié, Arthur, 264
Love, Courtney, 579
Love, Mike, 434
Love, M’pongo, 594
Love Life, 101
Love Parade, The, 313
L⊘vland, Rolf, 331
‘Nocturne’, 331
Lowe, Frances, 478, 479
Lowry, Vance, 168
Lucier, Alvin, 476
Ludwig II of Bavaria, 60
Luening, Otto, 338, 345
Lukács, György, 561
Lukesch, Rudi, 312
‘Hör mein Lied, Violetta’, 312
Lulu, 447
Lunceford, Jimmie, 141
Luter, Claude, 146
Lutosławski, Witold, 364, 366, 389, 456, 458, 646
Jeux vénitiens, 458, 646
Trois poèmes d’Henri Michaux, 458
Lutyens, Elisabeth, 346, 646
Lynch, Jack, 578
Lynn, Loretta, 446
‘The Pill’, 446
‘You Ain’t Woman Enough to Take My Man’, 446
‘Your Squaw is On the Warpath’, 446
Lynn, Vera, 317
Lyttleton, Humphrey, 146
Maal, Baaba, 646
Mabuse, Sipho ‘Hotstix’, 605
Chant of the Marching, 605
MacDonald, Ballard, 307
‘The Trail of the Lonesome Pine’, 307
MacDonald, Jeanette, 312
‘Indian Love Call’, 312
MacDowell, Edward, 111
Machaut, Guillaume de, 13
Mâche, François-Bernard, 343, 465
Maciunas, George, 463, 464
Mackintosh, Cameron, 118
MacMillan, James, 493, 549, 646
Maconchy, Elizabeth, 647
Mad Professor, 575, 576
‘Light My Fire’ (remix), 576
‘Radiation for the Nation’, 576
Maderna, Bruno, 338, 339, 340, 341, 352, 353, 355, 464, 476, 511, 647
Don Perlimpin, 339
Musica su due dimensioni, 341, 355
Ritratto di Cittá, 338
Madonna, 35, 488, 498, 567, 568, 585, 647
Immaculate Collection, 568
Maeterlinck, Maurice, 86, 101, 103
La vie des abeilles, 103
Pelléas et Mélisande, 101
The Blue Bird, 106
Magazine, 559
Magogo, Princess, 609
Mahavishnu Orchestra, 413
Mahlasela, Vusi, 586
Wisdom of Forgiveness, 586
Mahlathini, 606
Mahler, Alma, 200
Mahler, Gustav, 45, 51, 56, 60, 76, 83, 93, 103, 104, 118, 119, 120, 200, 202, 232, 241, 257, 275, 368, 370, 374, 387, 460, 489, 511, 516, 532, 647
revival of, 13, 40
Symphony no. 1, 104
Symphony no. 2 (‘Resurrection’), 103, 232, 238, 460
Symphony no. 3, 93
Symphony no. 6, 93
Symphony no. 8, 118, 119
Symphony no. 9, 93, 387
Symphony no. 10, 119, 200
Mahotella Queens, 606
mainstream, 4–7, 10, 83, 286, 290, 303, 367, 401, 432, 436, 443, 444, 514, 539, 540, 541
common practice, 475
Second Viennese School claim to the mainstream, 5, 228–31, 257, 279
Maitrier, Louis, 326
‘Elle fréquentait la rue Pigalle’, 326
Makeba, Miriam, 588, 647
makossa, 594
makwaya, 604
Malipiero, Gian Francesco, 115, 272, 273, 352
Cimarosiana, 272
Gabrieliana, 272, 273
Vivaldiana, 272
Mallarmé, Stéphane, 75, 347, 348, 360
Malle, Louis, 407
L’ascenseur pour l’échafaud, 407
Mamas and the Papas, 439
Mami, Cheb, 595
Mamma Mia, 325
Man with the Golden Arm, The, 406–7
Mancini, Henry, 311, 413, 648
Peter Gunn, 413
Pink Panther, 413
Mango Groove, 605
Manic Street Preachers, 565, 578
Manilow, Barry, 332
Mann, Aimee, 566
Mann, Barry, 432
Mann, Thomas, 48, 114, 115, 119, 200, 244–5
Death in Venice, 388
Dr Faustus, 114, 244
The Magic Mountain (Der Zauberberg), 200
Mantovani, Annunzio Paolo, 310–11, 648
Manuel, Peter, 420–1
Manzoni, Giacomo, 354
Mapantsula, 605
Mapfumo, Thomas, 33, 589–91, 595, 604–5, 648
Chamunorwa, 604
‘Chitima Ndikature’, 604
Maraire, Dumisani, 606–7
Kutambara, 606–7
march, 93, 125, 156, 160, 163, 167
marching bands, see brass bands
Marcus, Greil, 558
Maré, Rolf de, 176
Marinetti, Filippo, 82, 215
Futurist Manifesto, 215
Marley, Bob, 648
Marr, Johnny, 571
Marriner, Sir Neville, 488
Marsalis, Wynton, 413–14, 648
Marshall, Ingram, 543
Fog Tropes, 543
Martin, Dean, 320, 329, 330, 333
Martin, Frank, 109, 472
Martin, George, 427, 436, 441, 576, 649
Martinů, Bohuslav, 176, 329
Jazz Suite, 176
Preludes, 176
La Revue de cuisine, 176
3 Skizzy moderné tancu, 176
Martirano, Sal, 474
L.’s G.A., 474
Martland, Steve, 546
American Invention, 546
Babi Yar, 546
Shoulder to Shoulder, 546
Marvelettes, 436
‘Please Mr Postman’, 436
Marx, Karl, 300
Marxism (see also communism), 266, 545
Mascagni, Pietro, 100, 116, 287
Cavalleria rusticana, 100
Nerone, 287
I pagliacci, 100, 208
Masekela, Hugh, 588, 589–90, 649
M*A*S*H, 422
Mason, Barry, 329
‘Delilah’, 329
mass market, 42, 46, 118, 550, 560, 561
mass production, 522
Ford, 212, 308
Massary, Fritzi, 95
Massine, Léonide, 165
Massive Attack, 567, 575–6
Massive Attack: Singles, 575
Mezzanine, 576
No Protection, 575, 576
‘Eurochild’, 576
Protection, 575–6
‘Karmacoma’, 575–6
Matchless Recordings, 494
Mathis, Jonny, 320
Matisse, Henri, 69, 106
Matrix, The, 502, 503
Matsch, Franz, 41
Auditorium at the Old Burgtheater, 41
Matsudaira, Yoritsune, 346, 457
Bugaku per orchestra, 457
Umai, 346
Mauriat, Paul, 311
Maxwell Davies, Peter, 370–1, 390, 456, 461, 493, 529–30
The Beltane Fire, 530
Revelation and Fall, 461
St Thomas Wake, 461
Strathclyde concertos, 530
Strathclyde Concerto no. 5 for violin, viola, and string orchestra, 530
Symphony no. 1, 530
Symphony no. 4, 530
Symphony no. 7, 530
Vesalii icones, 461
Worldes Bliss, 370, 530
May, Billy, 143
Mayall, John, 437
Maybelle, 446
Mayerl, Billy, 314
Mayuzumi, Toshiro, 457
mazkhande, 605
mbalax, 593–4
mbaqanga, 586, 588, 604, 605, 606
Mbaw, Chérif, 593
Kham Kham, 593
mbira, 20, 21–2, 33–4, 585, 589–93, 604–5, 606, 609, 610
mbube, 586, 588
Mbuli, Mzwakhe (see also Equals, The), 605
McCarthy tribunal, 378
McCartney, Paul, 431, 436, 441, 565, 576–7
McClary, Susan, 1, 7, 8, 81–2, 525
McCormack, John, 312
MC5, 545
McGuire, John, 543, 544
48 Variations for Two Pianos, 543, 544
McLaren, Malcolm, 558
McLaughlin, John, 413
Mchunu, Sipho, 605, 607
McVie, Christine, 449
McVie, John, 449
MDC, 587–8
‘Sunny Trumpets’, 587–8
Meale, Richard, 457
Meck, Madame von, 60
media (see also radio and dissemination: via technology), 317, 484
broadcast media, 22, 24, 31, 41, 478, 486
mass media, 153, 155, 553
Mehring, Walter, 328
Meinunger, Bernd, 331
‘Ein bißchen Frieden’, 331
Meisel, Edmund, 192
Melachrino, George, 311
Melba, Dame Nellie (Helen Porter Mitchell), 99, 489, 649
Mellers, Wilfred, 442, 443
Melody Festival, 330
Melody Maker, 139–40
melos, 105
Memphis Five, 130
Mendelssohn, Felix, 106, 109, 178, 196, 485
A Midsummer Night’s Dream, 196
Mengelberg, Misha, 471
Reconstructie, 471
Mengele, Josef, 208
Menuhin, Yehudi, 649
Mercer, Johnny, 320
‘Too Marvelous for Words’, 320
merchandizing, 195
Mersmann, Hans, 229
Messiaen, Olivier, 8, 51, 108, 221, 289–90, 300, 301, 304, 336, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 348, 354, 365, 371, 389, 413, 457, 473–4, 649
L’ascension, 300
Chants de terre et de ciel, 221
Chronochromie, 473
Couleurs de la cité célèste, 474
Les corps glorieux, 221
Fête des belles eaux, 221
Hymne au Saint-Sacrement, 300
Modes de valeurs et d’intensités, 348
La nativité du Seigneur: neuf méditations pour orgue, 289, 300, 301
Les offrandes oubliées, 300
Quatuor pour la fin du temps (Quartet for the End of Time), 301, 340
Sept Haïkaï, 457
Technique de mon langage musical, 301
Le tombeau resplendissant, 300
La transfiguration, 474
Trois petites liturgies, 342
Turangalîla-symphonie, 371, 474
Messing, Scott, 280
Metallica, 478, 504
Metheny, Pat, 413, 414, 488
Offramp, 413
Metronome, The, 43
Metternich, Prince Klemens von, 61
Metzger, Heinz-Klaus, 40, 356, 358, 459
Metzger, Ludwig, 339–40
Meyer, Leonard, 540
Meyerhold, Vsevolod, 300
Meyerl, 111
‘Marigold’, 111
Michael, George, 488
Michaux, Henri, 358, 361
microphone, 23–4, 211, 318, 319, 489
microtones (see also tuning), 124, 125, 126, 221, 224, 517, 541, 547, 607
Migliacci, Franco, 330
‘Nel blu, dipinto di blu’ (Volare), 330
migration and human movement, 25, 36, 65, 98, 123–4, 129, 167, 207, 219, 255, 344, 406, 411, 421, 422, 595, 606
exile, 101, 266, 277, 280, 321, 343, 607
immigrant musics, 44
Europeans emigrating to America, 98, 108, 126, 219, 255, 292, 302, 314, 323, 336, 344
Jewish music in America, 25
music for tourists, 28–9, 36
touring musicians, 28, 29, 36, 113, 160, 168, 170, 313, 426, 427, 435, 606
Miley, Bubber, 135, 136
Milhaud, Darius, 5, 152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 168, 175–6, 214, 229, 244, 269, 276, 329, 408, 525, 650
Le boeuf sur le toit, 168, 175
Caramel Mou, 175
La création du monde, 175–6, 408
Notes sans musique, 175
Trois rag-caprices, 175
Mille Plateaux, 494
Miller, Glenn, 138, 141, 142, 303, 316–17, 396, 397, 650
with the Army Air Force Band, 316
Chattanooga Choo-Choo, 303
Glenn Miller Orchestra, 142
In the Mood, 396
Moonlight Serenade, 396
Miller, Mitch, 427
Mills, Florence, 183
Mills, Irving, 429
Mills, Kerry, 160
‘At a Georgia Campmeeting’, 160
Mingus, Charles, 407, 410, 650
The Black Saint and the Sinner Lady, 410
Epitaph, 410
Mingus Ah Um, 410
Shadows, 407
minimalism, 10, 366, 392, 455, 466–9, 502, 507, 508, 509, 514, 525, 539–56, 584, 611
minstrelsy, 88, 98, 119, 124–5, 153, 160, 163, 169, 172, 179, 180, 195, 314
minstrel show, 94, 95, 154
Minturn, Neil, 376, 377
Miracles, 433
Mission: Impossible, 413
Mistinguett, 313, 321
Mitchell, Joni, 448, 565, 650
Mitchell, Louis, 168
Jazz Kings, 168
Mitchell, Mitch, 427
Mitchell, Tony, 564
Mitropoulos, Dimitri, 650
Moby, 585
Play, 585
modal jazz, 404, 405, 412, 422
Modern Jazz Quartet, 402–3, 407
‘The Rose Truc’, 403
Sait-on jamais (No Sun in Venice), 403, 407
modernism, 5–6, 54–5, 63, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 78, 79, 82, 87, 101, 108, 114, 115, 116, 119, 120, 153, 155, 160, 183, 186, 188, 190, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 201, 202, 204, 206, 207, 208, 212, 218, 229, 230, 262, 263–5, 278, 279, 280–3, 290, 291, 292, 295, 369, 371, 466, 493, 506, 531, 534, 558
after the Second World War, 249, 282, 361–2, 366, 455, 456, 466, 493, 506, 507, 508, 509, 511, 513, 514, 515, 516–17, 521–7, 531–2, 534–6, 540, 542, 573, 579, 599, 611
in architecture, 523
moderate modernism, 268, 369
and politics, 189–90
and political left, 352, 354, 464, 472–3, 474–5, 516–17, 518, 522
reaction against, 40, 55, 518, 531–2
modernity, 92, 154, 173, 179, 181, 287–9, 369, 522, 536, 587
Modugno, Domenico, 330
‘Nel blu, dipinto di blu’ (Volare), 330
Mole, Miff, 130, 132
Monckton, Lionel, 95
Mondrian, Piet, 76, 279
mondumé, 589–91
Monet, Claude, 71, 87, 88
Monk, Thelonious Sphere, 150, 398, 405, 650
Monn, Matthias Georg, 242
Concerto per Clavicembalo in D major, 242
Monteverdi, Claudio, 13, 262
Monteux, Pierre, 651
Moody, Dwight L., 110
Moore, Bill, 316
Moore, John, 322
Moore, Thurston, 549
Moretti, Raoul, 175
Morgan, Lee, 402
The Sidewinder, 402
Morgan, Robert, 13
Morita, Akio, 481
Moroder, Giorgio, 555
Morricone, Ennio, 308, 469, 651
Morrison, Jim, 419, 442, 448
Morrison, Van, 437, 566
Morrissey, 570, 571
Morthensen, Jan, 459
Nonfigurative Musik, 459
Morton, Benny, 143, 149
Morton, Ferdinand ‘Jelly Roll’, 129, 130, 131, 136, 140, 145, 146, 166–7
‘Black Bottom Stomp’, 131
‘The Chant’, 131
Red Hot Peppers, 131, 145
Mosolov, Alexandr, 61, 218
The Iron Foundry (Zavod), 218
Mossman, Ted, 307
‘Till the End of Time’, 307
Motown, 428, 433–4, 435, 440, 447, 448, 571
Mougin, Stephane, 140
Moulin Rouge, 313
Mouquet, Eric, 585
Deep Forest, 585, 586
Mouskouri, Nana, 320
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 13, 51, 53, 62, 66, 83, 199, 236, 241, 257, 271, 471, 481, 554
Mtshali, Isaac, 587
Mtukudzi, Oliver ‘Tuku’, 33–4, 35, 604–5
Tuku beat, 13, 34
Tuku Music, 605
‘Wake Up’, 605
MTV, 482, 501, 564, 568
Muir, Lewis, 314
‘Ragging the Baby to Sleep’, 314
Müller-Siemens, Detlef, 508
Mulligan, Gerry, 403
‘My Funny Valentine’, 403
multimedia, 349, 463, 494, 499, 500–4, 519, 520, 521, 553, 554
Murail, Tristan, 651
Murnau, F. W., 191
Nosferatu, 191
Murphy, Gerard, 176
Murphy, Turk, 145
Mursal, Maryam, 595
museum, 86, 506
museum culture, 65, 506
music hall, 92, 94, 95, 111, 157, 160, 312, 313, 314, 325, 441, 479, 482
status of score in, 95–6
Music Man, The, 436
music theatre, 94–6, 99, 118
music video, 500, 501, 502, 564, 568
Musica Elettronica Viva, 468, 469
musical, the, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 96, 106, 116, 208, 309, 311, 322–5, 479, 482
book, 95, 96, 102, 118
dance in, 324
film musical, 112, 432
stage musical, 112
Musical America, 43
Musical Leader, The, 43
Musikblätter des Anbruch, 152, 172, 190, 273
Musil, Robert, 54
Musorgsky, Modest, 69, 288, 302, 554
Musso, Vido, 143
Mussolini, Benito, 273, 290
Mutamba, 610
muzak, see background music: muzak
Nancarrow, Conlon, 218, 223, 509, 514, 546, 651
Studies for Player Piano, 514
Napier, Diana, 203, 204, 205, 206
Napoleon III of France, 64
Napoleon, Phil, 130
Napster, 504
Nath, Pandit Pran, 550–1
national anthem, 109
National Dance Company (Zimbabwe), 589–90, 591, 592
National Dance Troupe (Gambia), 592
National Dance Troupe (Tanzania), 591
National Orchestra (Cameroon), 591
National Socialism, 5, 61, 62, 101, 183, 186, 194, 196, 200, 206, 255–6, 280, 294–5, 321, 328, 336, 372, 397
and African-Americans, 62, 174
and the Caribbean, 62
Degenerate Music Exhibition, 256
and gypsies, 62
and jazz, 62, 87, 174
and Jewish people, 174
nationalism, 24, 65, 70, 73, 193, 197, 238–9, 256, 266, 273, 276–7, 280, 287–96, 298–300, 408, 604
Naxos, 58, 492–3
Ndebele songs, 604
Ndodana, Bongani, 608–9
Rituals for Forgotten Faces (IV), 609
N’Dour, Youssou, 585, 593–4, 595, 596, 651
The Guide, 593
‘Chimes of Freedom’, 593
Set, 593
Ndubuisi, Okechukwu, 597, 598
‘Atuak Ukot Odo’, 597
‘Onye Naku na Onuzo Muo’, 597
Negus, Keith, 308, 595
Nelson, Ozzie, 430
Nelson, Ricky, 430–1
‘Hello, Mary Lou’, 431
‘Traveling Man’, 431
Nelson, Rudolf, 172
neoclassicism, 55, 71, 76, 101, 156, 190, 229, 237, 239, 244, 251, 260–83, 289, 290, 336, 361, 369, 372, 374, 408
in jazz, 414
neo-Romanticism, 4, 183, 249, 508, 531–2, 549
Neue Sachlichkeit, 171, 178, 189, 229, 237, 238, 323
Neumeyer, David, 375, 376
Nevin, Ethelbert, 111
‘Narcissus’, 111
new complexity, 4, 457, 527
New Grove (second edition), 327
New London Orchestra, 332
New Music Quarterly, 217
New Music Society of California, 214, 217, 220
New Orchestra, 310
New Orleans, 123, 127–9, 131, 138, 147, 403
New Orleans Rhythm Kings, 130
New Romanticism, see neo-Romanticism
New York – Montmartre, 313
New York School, 224, 344–5, 349, 355, 356, 358, 456, 462, 466, 476
Newman, Alfred, 651
Newman, Ernest, 103
Newman, Randy, 565
Niblock, Phil, 547
Nichols, Red, 131–2, 139, 140, 141
Five Pennies, 131–2, 135
Nicks, Stevie, 449
Nicole, 331
‘Ein bißchen Frieden’, 331
Nielsen, Carl, 5, 70, 72, 77
Helios Overture, 72
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 82
Nijinsky, Vaslav, 78
Nikisch, Arthur, 652
Niles, Abbe, 133
1968, upheavals of, 454, 472, 558
Ninja Tune, 494
Nirvana, 652
Nixon, Richard, 43
Njoku, Johnston Akuma-Kalu, 589–90, 591, 597
Nketia, J. H. Kwabena, 597, 598, 599, 602, 611
Antubam, 597
Dagomba, 599
Suite for flute and piano, 598
Twelve Pedagogical Pieces, 599
Volta Fantasy, 599
Noble, Ray
New Mayfair Orchestra, 318
‘The Very Thought of You’, 318
Nono, Luigi, 340, 341–2, 346, 351–4, 359, 361, 453, 456, 464, 472, 474, 508, 516–18, 533, 652
Al gran sole carico d’amore, 516, 517
Das atmende Karsein, 517
Canti di vita e d’amore: sul monte di Hiroshima, 472
Cantiper tredici, 353
Il canto sospeso, 353, 516
Contrappunto dialettico alla mente, 472
Cori di Didone, 353
Epitaffio per Federico Garcia Lorca, 341, 352
España en el corazòn, 341
Bandiera rossa, 352
La fabbrica illuminata, 464, 472
La floresta é jovem, 472
Fragmente-Stille, an Diotima, 517
Incontri, 353
Intolleranza 1960, 354, 472, 516
No hay caminos, hay que caminar, 517
Omaggio a György Kurtág, 517
Polifonica-Monodica-Ritmica, 341, 352
Prometeo, 517, 518
Ricorda cosi ti ha fanno a Auschwitz, 472
Sarà dolce tacere, 353
. . . sofferte onde serene . . . , 517
La terra e la compagna, 353
La victoire de Guernica, 353
Noone, Jimmie, 129, 147
Apex Club Orchestra, 147
Nørgård, Per, 652
Norrington, Roger, 652
North, Alex, 406, 652
A Streetcar Named Desire, 406
notation, 11, 18, 73–4, 222, 223, 589–91, 600, 602
graphic, 216, 344–5, 356, 359, 459, 462–3, 465, 469–70
experimental, 359, 461, 462–3, 469–70, 509, 510
in education, 463
limitations of, 470
discrepancy between perception and notation, 514
rhythm, 73–4, 461, 514, 584
Novalis (Friedrich von Hardenberg), 80
Novello, Ivor, 112, 207, 311, 322, 653
Careless Rapture, 112
‘Why Is There Ever Goodbye?’, 112, 113–14
The Dancing Years, 322
Glamorous Night, 322
Perchance To Dream, 311
‘We’ll Gather Lilacs’, 311
Novembergruppe, 180, 189
Nyanga, 587
Nyman, Michael, 6, 540, 543, 554, 653
The Draughtsman’s Contract, 554
Drowning by Numbers, 554
Experimental Music, 540
Oakenfold, Paul, 595
Oberammergau Passion Play, 108
Offenbach, Jacques, 95, 178, 191, 321
Ogden, John, 456
Ohga, Norio, 484
Oldfield, Mike, 311, 492
Tubular Bells, 311, 492
Oliver, Joe ‘King’, 129, 130, 131, 135, 136, 140, 145, 653
Creole Orchestra, 129, 130, 142, 145
Oliver, Paul, 436–7
Blues Fell This Morning, 436
Oliveros, Pauline, 465, 543
ondes martenot, 221
O’Neill, Norman, 105–6
The Blue Bird, 106
Mary Rose, 106
one-step, 167, 176
Op-Art, 467
opera, 92, 99–101, 102, 105, 106, 112, 116, 119, 179, 479, 482, 489, 552
comic, 94, 95
Italian, 93, 115, 202, 273
rethinking, 354, 461, 516, 520–1
Savoy, 321
Zeitoper, 174, 179, 194, 196, 239
operetta, 92, 94, 96, 101, 102, 105, 175, 180, 191, 196, 197, 202, 204, 208, 309, 311, 312, 314, 321–2, 324
orchestrator, 95, 322
Orff, Carl, 62, 115, 276, 297, 372, 653
Carmina Burana, 62, 297
Prometheus Desmotes (Prometheus Chained), 276
Original Dixieland Jass Band, 130, 139, 144–5, 156, 167, 168, 169, 315, 395
Original Memphis Five, 130
Ormandy, Eugene, 43
Ornstein, Leo, 216, 218
Ory, Edward ‘Kid’, 129
Osborne, Nigel, 534
Otte, Hans, 542
Buch der Klänge, 542
ownership (see also authorship), 45, 58, 498, 502, 570
copyright, 18, 30, 34, 479, 498–9, 504, 520, 565, 571, 573, 578, 587–8
royalty, 60, 110, 203, 429, 492, 498, 571
Ozawa, Seiji, 653
Pace, Danièle, 330
‘La Tramontana’, 330
Paganini, Nicolò, 50
Page, Jimmy, 437
Page, ‘Lips’, 145
Paik, Nam June, 46, 463–4
Palestine, Charlemagne, 547, 554
The Lower Depths, 547
Strumming Music, 547
Palm, Siegfried, 471
Palmer, Robert, 550
Pan-African Orchestra, 589–92
The Pan African Orchestra, Opus 1, 592
Pan American Association of Composers (PAAC), 217, 220
Panaiotis, 543
Panassié, Hugues, 139–40
pantomime, 94, 95
Panzeri, Mario, 330
‘La Tramontana’, 330
Paramor, Norrie, 311
‘O mein Papa’, 311
Parker, Charlie ‘Bird’, 150, 398, 399, 401, 404, 653
Parmegiani, Bernard, 465
parody and pastiche, 107, 165, 262, 265, 266, 268, 269, 324, 325, 499, 544, 551, 585
Parry, Charles Hubert Hastings, 111
Pärt, Arvo, 40, 549, 654
Partch, Harry, 7, 212, 221–2, 224–5, 546, 654
Barstow: Eight Hitchhikers’ Inscriptions, 221
‘Bitter Music’, 221
Genesis of a Music, 222
‘Monophony is Expounded’, 222
Ptolemy, 221–2
U.S. Highball: A Musical Account of Slim’s Transcontinental Hobo Trip, 221
Parton, Dolly, 446
Parys, Georges Van, 175
Passe, Suzanne de, 448
pastiche, see parody and pastiche
patronage and support, 58–9, 64, 66, 337–8, 343, 344, 350, 506, 507, 508, 513, 535, 550–1, 603
subsidy, 45, 53, 54, 56–7, 58, 59–60, 66, 368, 475, 493, 494, 523
Germany, 61–2
Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, 60–1, 62–3, 64–5
United States, 63
Western Europe, 63–4
Paul Sacher Foundation, 508, 513
Pavese, Cesare, 353
Payne, Jack, 315, 316
Paynter, John, 463
payola, 430
pedagogy, 69
Peel, Graham, 118
‘Bredon Hill’, 118
Penderecki, Krzysztof, 55, 389, 456, 458, 473, 476, 654
Dies irae, 473
The Dream of Jacob, 389
Fluorescences, 458
St Luke Passion, 389, 473
Stabat mater, 473
Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima, 458
Violin Concerto no. 1, 389
Pepper, Harry, 312
‘Hear My Song, Violetta’, 312
Parahia, Murray, 654
performers
autonomy and volition, 355, 359, 470, 503, 510
lack of autonomy, 468
performer-composer, 50, 467–8, 471
performer-songwriter, 427, 428, 439, 448, 565–7, 569
royalties, 498
Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 83, 266
Perle, George, 525
Perry, Lee, 574–5
Arkology, 575
‘Bad Weed’, 575
‘Grumblin’ Dub’, 575
‘Magic Touch’, 575
‘Police and Thieves’, 575
‘Soldier and Police War’, 575
Perry, Mark, 559
Perspectives of New Music, 475, 524–5
Perspectives on Musical Aesthetics, 525
Peter Gunn, 413
Petersen, Paul, 431
Petit, Buddie, 129
Les petits Walkers, 163
Petrassi, Goffredo, 513, 654
Petty, Norman, 427
Pfitzner, Hans, 5, 62, 70, 187, 196, 207, 208, 263, 287, 492, 654
Palestrina, 70, 187, 196
String Quartet in C minor, op. 50, 287
Symphony in C major, op. 46, 287
Violin Concerto, op. 44, 287
Philip, Robert, 13–14
Philips, 484, 495, 499
Philips, Sam, 426, 571
Phillipot, Michel, 343
Phiri, Chikapa ‘Ray’, 587, 588
Piaf, Edith, 326–7, 328, 655
‘L’Accordéoniste’, 327
‘La Belle Histoire d’amour’, 326
‘Elle fréquentait la rue Pigalle’, 326
piano, 111, 125, 211, 311, 425, 480, 609
Africanized, 599, 608
jazz, 136–7, 403
player piano, 92, 97, 123, 125–40, 168, 223, 514
prepared, 223, 349, 493, 531, 607
stride, 98, 111, 125, 128, 136–7, 138
Piazolla, Astor, 655
Picasso, Pablo, 75, 76, 83, 87, 88, 165, 166, 216, 611
Parade, 83, 169, 219
Pickford, Mary, 165
Pierné, Gabriel, 310
Pilcer, Harry, 163
Pink Floyd, 498, 655
Pink Panther, 413
Piranesi, Giambattista, 528
Piscator, Erwin, 182
Piston, Walter, 379
Pistone, Danièle, 174
Pitney, Gene, 320
Pius X, 109
Pixies, 565, 567
pizmon, 25–7, 28
Pizzetti, Ildebrando, 111, 290
plantation, 124
plantation melody, 124–5, 127
Plastic People, 496
Plato, 546
player piano, see piano: player
Pleasants, Henry, 319
Pleasantville, 422
plurality and pluralism, 4, 7, 11, 14, 76–7, 86, 87, 88, 103, 186, 192, 198, 230, 237, 249, 262, 268, 273, 275, 286–7, 288, 303, 366, 379, 392, 454, 455, 460–1, 493, 515, 525, 531, 535–6, 579, 584–9, 600, 601
Poésie et chansons, 327
Poètes d’aujourd’hui, 327
Polanski, Roman, 407
Knife in the Water, 407
Polish sonorism, 456, 457, 458
polka, 110, 126, 141
Pollack, Howard, 293, 378
Pollack, Lew, 311
‘Charmaine’, 311
Pollini, Maurizio, 517, 655
Pollock, Jackson, 88, 344, 350, 562
Pomus, Doc, 432
Ponchielli, Amilcare, 116, 314
La gioconda, 314
‘Dance of the Hours’, 314
pop art, 507
pop music (see also rock music), 42, 46, 123, 330, 332, 488, 501, 604
in film, 502–3
popular culture, 191, 361, 524
popular music, 47, 120, 138, 192–3, 302–3, 317, 366, 478, 486–7, 545, 546, 557–9, 579
and modernism, 82, 524
popularity chart, 329–30, 396, 423, 490–1, 497, 558, 571
classical charts, 486
demarking genre, 426–7
‘Easy Listening Top Ten’, 329
Porter, Cole, 99, 176, 320, 322, 323, 366, 432, 567, 655
‘I’ve Got You under My Skin’, 320
Kiss Me Kate, 323
Within the Quota, 176
Portishead, 575
Dummy, 575
positivism, 211, 212, 215
postmodernism, 40, 78, 270, 282, 380, 454, 460–1, 502, 514, 515, 524, 526, 534, 540, 544, 545, 551, 553, 584–8
postmodernist historiography, 187
Poulenc, Francis, 93, 111, 374–5, 379, 655
Dialogue des Carmélites, 374
Oboe Sonata, 374
La voix humaine, 374
Pound, Ezra, 54, 82, 87, 361
Pousseur, Henri, 346, 355, 475, 476, 655
Fragments théoriques I, 475
Rimes, 355
Powell, Bud, 137, 656
Praetorius, Michael, 461
Pratella, Balilla, 215
‘Manifesto of Futurist Musicians’, 215
Preminger, Otto
Anatomy of a Murder, 407
The Man with the Golden Arm, 406–7
Prendergast, Roy, 104
Prentice, Charles, 113
prepared piano, see piano: prepared
preservation, 31, 32, 33, 36, 50, 52–3, 198, 414, 485–6, 494, 496, 508–9
Presley, Elvis, 45, 139, 425, 426, 427, 428, 431, 435, 436, 437, 443, 447, 560, 561, 571, 656
‘Don’t be Cruel’, 571
‘Hound Dog’, 446, 571
‘(Marie’s the Name) His Latest Flame’, 561
Previn, André, 320, 656
Prévost, Eddie, 470
primary text, 329–30, 441
Prime Time, 413
‘primitivism’, 115, 154, 160, 163, 169, 175, 177, 179, 192, 212, 291, 297
Prince, 656
Prince Far I, 574
Prine, John, 565
Procter, F. F., 312
Professor Longhair (Henry Roland ‘Roy’ Byrd), 425
programme music, 92, 102–4, 105
progressive rock, 11, 442, 443, 468, 490, 523, 555, 558
Prohibition, 133, 148
Prokofiev, Sergei, 61, 190, 293, 298–300, 302, 371, 374, 376–8, 656
Cantata for the Twentieth Anniversary of the October Revolution, 299
Cello Sonata, 377
‘Classical’ Symphony, 377
Hail to Stalin (Zdravitsa), 300
Lieutenant Kijé, 299
The Love of Three Oranges, 377
Peter and the Wolf, 299
Piano Sonatas, 377
Romeo and Juliet, 299, 377
Semyon Kotko, 300
Symphony no. 5, 377, 378
Symphony no. 6, 377, 378
Symphony no. 7, 377
War and Peace, 300, 377
Zdravitsa, 61
Proust, Marcel, 82, 86
psychedelia, 442, 468
psychoanalysis, 81, 82, 296, 297
discovery of the unconscious, 80
hysterical woman, 81–2, 84
Public Enemy, 562, 570, 573
It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back, 573
‘Rebel without a Pause’, 573
Puccini, Giacomo, 71, 94, 100, 101, 112, 115, 119, 197–8, 202–3, 206, 273, 657
La bohème, 100
La fanciulla del West, 119
Madama Butterfly, 100, 112, 113
Tosca, 94, 100
Turandot, 202, 203
Pulp, 561, 578
Punch and Judy, 118
punk, 418, 478, 490, 492, 494, 523, 546, 547–9, 557–61, 562, 564, 570, 578–9, 585
Purcell, Henry, 554
Pushkin, Alexander, 266
qawwālī, 30
Quechua, 30
Queen, 557, 657
Queen Latifah, 573
Quilter, Roger, 93
Quinn, Eimear, 331
‘The Voice’, 331
Quinn, Freddy, 320
Quinquaginta Ramblers, 139
quotation (see also collage), 178, 252, 270, 293, 516, 544, 559–61, 578, 607, 609–10
race, 84, 110, 124, 128, 146–7, 153, 157, 158, 160, 170, 179–80, 315–16, 419–21, 422, 423, 426, 427, 428, 429–30, 433, 434, 439, 440, 444–5, 448, 562, 563, 571–3, 577–8, 602, 605
Creole, 123, 128, 129
and exoticism, 124, 153–4, 169, 589–90
and jazz, 8, 123, 128, 149, 169, 400, 406, 411, 483
racism, 173–4, 194–5, 589–90
representation of, 98
Rachmaninov, Sergei, 5, 71, 73–4, 88, 103, 109, 116, 189, 657
The Bells, 88, 109
Piano Concerto no. 3, 73–4
Symphonic Dances, 116
Symphony no. 3, 116
radio, 52, 57–8, 92, 97, 111, 123, 133–4, 137, 154, 191, 206, 211, 234–5, 302–3, 310, 312, 332, 368, 423, 427, 430, 479–81, 482, 484, 497, 564
AM, 423
FM, 423, 441, 476
pirate radio, 491
radio bands, 315
radio drama, 338, 339
radio music, 300, 310, 339
signature tunes, 310
support for modernism, 337–9, 342, 344, 346, 476
Radiohead, 578, 657
‘The Bends’, 578
Raeburn, Boyd, 150
ragga, 490, 606
ragtime, 98, 110, 115, 120, 125–6, 128, 136, 141, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 163, 166, 167, 169, 171, 174, 176, 178, 180, 192, 407
Rainey, Ma, 126, 127
Raksin, Daid, 108
Ramin, 307
‘Music to Watch Girls By’, 307
Ramones, 545, 548, 559
Ramuz, C. F., 165–6
Ranaldo, Lee, 549
rap, see hiphop
Rapée, Erno, 107, 172, 311
‘Charmaine’, 311
Motion Picture Moods for Pianists and Organists, 107
rat pack, Sinatra, 320
Rathert, Wolfgang, 280
Rattle, Simon, 657
Rauber, François, 327
Rauschenberg, Robert, 349
Rautavaara, Einojuhani, 493
rave, 213, 483, 586
Ravel, Maurice, 5, 69, 84, 85, 93, 101, 111, 150, 174, 188, 212, 216, 237, 261, 263, 374, 510, 657
Daphnis et Chloé, 84, 85, 101, 261
L’enfant et les sortilèges, 174, 188, 216
Sonata for violin and piano (1927), 174
Le tombeau de Couperin, 264
La valse, 93
Ravens, 423
‘Rock All Night Long’, 423
Rawicz and Landauer, 314
Reagan, Ronald, 492
Reconstructie, 471
record producer, 427, 487, 488, 494
recording, 52, 57–8, 92, 123, 130, 131, 132, 133, 188, 198, 202, 211, 303, 308, 311, 315, 324, 325, 423, 427, 428, 435, 478–9, 482, 484–5, 489–94, 497, 498–9, 507, 568–70
as the primary text, 329–30, 441
digital recording, 485
fidelity, 569
gramophone, 97, 197, 204, 206, 211, 302–3
jukeboxes, 139, 482
multitrack, 441, 485, 487, 493, 520, 564
mix, 489, 574
remixing, 487–8, 494, 499, 557, 569, 574, 577
studio technologies, 311, 412, 487, 584
recording and reproduction equipment, 479, 480, 483, 488–9
and private space, 500
recording formats, 498, 564, 574
compact cassette tape, 495, 564, 595
Compact Disc, 57–8, 483, 484, 485, 492, 495, 509, 535, 564, 574, 596
Compact Disc reissues, 10, 574, 576–7
DAT, 499, 500
45 rpm single, 423, 428, 476
minidisc, 499, 500
78 rpm, 485, 489
stereo, 441, 484, 485, 489
33 rpm LP, 428, 485, 489
recording industry, 53–4, 97, 142, 154, 478, 498–9, 558, 564, 595–6
awards, 491
cross-subsidy within, 493, 494
independent record company, 148, 491–4, 558
women in, 448
Red Hot Peppers, 131
Redding, Otis, 440, 571, 658
‘Mr. Pitiful’, 440
‘Respect’, 440
Reed, Les, 329
‘Delilah’, 329
Reed, Lou, 565, 574
Reger, Max, 262, 263
reggae, 490, 559, 574, 594, 605
Reggio, Godfrey, 554
Koyaanaqatsi, 554, 555
Reich, Steve, 392, 467, 468, 469, 502, 509, 539, 540, 541–2, 543, 544, 546, 549, 551, 553, 554–5, 556, 585, 611, 658
The Cave, 553
Come Out, 467
Different Trains, 553
Drumming, 541
Four Organs, 546
It’s Gonna Rain, 467, 553
Music for Eighteen Musicians, 541, 542, 543, 549, 555, 556
Piano Phase, 467
Reed Phase, 467
Tehillim, 549
Violin Phase, 467
Reid, Jamie, 558
Die Reihe, 357, 475, 525
Reinecke, Carl, 271
‘Mozartiana. Eight Little Piano Pieces on themes by Mozart’, 271
Reinhardt, Django, 140, 658
Reinhardt, Max, 196, 300
Reinhart, Werner, 238
religion, 108–10, 300–1, 473–4, 531, 577
REM, 488, 498, 567, 570
Automatic for the People, 570
Reprazent, 487
Respighi, Ottorino, 103, 118, 266, 272, 290
La boutique fantasque, 266, 272
Rossiniana, 272, 273
revue, 95, 171, 207, 313, 314, 315, 321
La revue nègre, 168, 169–70, 172, 313
‘La danse des sauvages’, 169
Reynolds, Allen, 564
rhythm, 125, 128, 129, 138, 139, 160, 218, 224, 269, 291, 293, 296, 301, 345, 349, 352–3, 399, 420, 440, 514–15, 541, 597–601, 602
symmetry, 301
rhythm and blues, 139, 402, 411, 418, 420, 421, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 431, 432, 433, 436, 437, 439, 440, 442, 444, 445, 446, 447, 545, 571
rhythm section, 128
Rice, Timothy, 21, 324
Jesus Christ Superstar, 108, 324
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat, 324
Rich, Charlie, 426
Richard, Cliff, 325, 431
Richard, Little, 425, 429
‘Tutti Frutti’, 429
Richards, Keith, 436, 565
Richmans, Jonathan, 560
Richter, Sviatoslav, 658
Riddle, Nelson, 96, 318, 319
riff, 142, 143, 147, 316–17, 319, 396, 398, 402, 404, 405, 406, 412, 440
Rihm, Wolfgang, 4, 508, 509, 511, 532–4, 658
Dis-Kontur, 532
Fremde Szenen I–III, 533
Gesungene Zeit, 533
Kein Firmament, 533, 534
Klavierstück no. 5, 532
String Quartet no. 3, 532, 533
Sub-Kontur, 532
Vers une symphonie fleuve, 533
Riley, Bridget, 467
Riley, Terry, 467, 468, 502, 541, 542, 543, 545, 554, 659
In C, 467, 468, 541, 542, 543
Keyboard Studies, 467
A Rainbow in Curved Air, 541
Rimbaud, Arthur, 347, 472
Rimsky-Korsakov, Georgy, 218
Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolay, 659
Rinôérôse, 487
Ripellino, Angelo, 354
Roach, Max, 399
Roberts, Lucky, 136
Robertson, Robbie, 439
‘King Harvest (Has Surely Come)’, 439
‘The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down’, 439
‘The Weight’, 439
Robeson, Paul, 311, 659
Robinson, Heath, 219
Robinson, William ‘Smokey’, 433
Rochberg, George, 55, 379, 460, 509, 532
Contra Mortem et Tempus, 460
Second String Quartet, 460
Third String Quartet, 460, 532
rock music, 6, 115, 139, 309, 319, 320, 324, 330, 331, 411, 469, 482, 483, 485, 486, 487, 489, 493, 495, 497, 523, 545, 572, 604
rock & roll, 366, 418–49, 491
in film, 431–2
orchestration, 427
origins of the term, 423
Rockabilly, 308
Rodemann, Albert, 342
Rodgers, Jimmie, 424
Rodgers, Richard, 96, 118, 322, 323, 366, 659
Babes in Arms, 98
‘The Lady is a Tramp’, 98
‘My Funny Valentine’, 118, 403
The King and I, 323
Oklahoma, 323
The Sound of Music, 323
South Pacific, 323
Rodney, Red, 399
Roerich, Nicholas, 73
Rogers, Roy, 446
Roland-Manuel, 266
Roland TR-808 drum machine, 564
Roldán, Amadeo, 220
Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock and Roll, 558
Rolling Stones, 46, 419, 436, 437, 448, 493, 559, 565, 570, 571, 659
Rollini, Adrian, 131, 139
Rollins, Sonny, 488, 502
Alfie, 502
Romanticism, 261, 288
reaction against, 261, 262–3, 269, 273
Romberg, Sigmund, 322
The Desert Song, 322
The Student Prince, 322
Ronettes, 433, 569
‘Be My Baby’, 569
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 63
Roppolo, Leon, 130
Rorem, Ned, 111
Rosas, Juventino, 312
Sobre las Olas, 312
Rosbaud, Hans, 234, 235, 338, 344, 660
Rose, David, 310
Holiday for Strings, 310
The Stripper, 310
Rosé Quartet, 53
Rose, Tricia, 573
Roseanne, 431
Roseberry, Eric, 384
Rosen, Charles, 660
Roslavets, Nikolai, 61, 218
Rossi, Tino, 313, 326
‘Petit Papa Noel’, 313
Rossini, Gioacchino, 266, 272, 278, 553
Péchés de vieillesse, 272
William Tell, 99
Rostropovich, Mstislav, 366, 660
Rósza, Miklós, 660
Roth, Ernst, 111
Rotten, Johnny, 557, 559
Rouse, Mikel, 585
Dennis Cleveland, 585
Failing Kansas, 585
Roussos, Demis, 331
‘Forever and Ever’, 331
Rowe, Keith, 470
Rowland, Kevin, 560, 574
Roxy Music, 555, 560, 568
Rózsa, Miklós, 44, 108
RTF (radio), 337
Rubenstein, Anton, 60, 178
Rubinstein, Artur, 166, 660
Ruders, Poul, 660
Rudhyar, Dane, 214, 216, 218
Paeans, 218
Rufer, Josef, 5, 74, 340
Ruggles, Carl, 214, 217, 218, 220, 660
Men and Mountains, 218, 220
rumba, 430
Run DMC, 573
Russell, George, 409, 661
Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization, 409
Russell, Pee Wee, 145
Russell, Ross, 398
Russell, Willy, 325
Blood Brothers, 325
Russian Formalism, 268, 269
Russian Revolution, 189–90, 277
Russolo, Luigi, 215–16, 217, 222, 225, 661
The Art of Noises, 215, 216, 217, 222
Risveglio di una città (The Awakening of a City), 216
Rzewski, Frederic (see also Musica Elettronica Viva), 469, 474, 546
Attica, 474
Coming Together, 474
Saariaho, Kaija, 534, 661
Lichtbogen, 534
Lohn, 534
Nymphéa, 534
Sabine, W. C., 211
Sablon, Jean, 313
SACEM, 498
Sacher, Paul (see also Paul Sacher Foundation), 337, 513
Sacher Foundation, see Paul Sacher Foundation
Sadler, Eric, 570
Saint-Saëns, Camille, 106, 110, 263
L’assassinat du Duc de Guise, 106
‘Le cygne’, 110
Sakamoto, Kyu, 320
Salinger, Conrad, 96
Salt ’n’ Pepa, 563
Salvation Army, 110
Salzman, Eric, 269
samba, 308
sampling, 552, 553, 561, 564, 569, 572–3, 585, 586, 587–8
Samson, Jim, 6, 77–8
San Remo Song Festival, 330
Sanchez, Michel, 585
Deep Forest, 585
Sanderson, Wilfred, 311
‘Up from Somerset’, 311
Sandoz Project, 586
Sangare, Oumou, 594
Sankey, Ira D., 110
Santana, Carlos, 442, 661
sanza, 611
Sarfatti, Margherita, 290
sargam, 30, 31
Sarno, Louis, 589, 591–2
bayaka: The Extraordinary Music of the Babenzélé Pygmies, 589, 591
Satie, Erik, 6, 83, 157, 163, 165, 166, 174, 183, 216, 261–2, 374, 502, 552, 661
Parade, 83, 163–6, 169, 216, 219
‘Ragtime du Paquebot’, 163, 165
Socrate, 261–2
Sonatine bureaucratique, 262
Sports et divertissements, 165
‘Le tango (perpétuel)’, 163
Saunders, Rebecca, 3, 534
CRIMSON – Molly’s Song I, 534
Molly’s Song 3 – shades of crimson, 534
Sauter, Eddie, 150
‘Superman’, 150
Savage, Jon, 558
Sax, Adolphe, 211
saxophone, 134, 211
Scaliger, Joseph, 271
Scaligerana, 271
Scarlatti, Domenico, 266, 273
Scelsi, Giacinto, 459, 508, 661
I presagi, 459
Quattro pezzi per Orchestra, 459
Scepter, 448
Schaeffer, Pierre, 216, 337, 343, 465, 662
Symphonie des bruits, 343
Symphonie pour un homme seul, 343
Traité des objets musicaux, 465
Schaeffner, André, 172
Jazz, 172
Schat, Peter, 471
Reconstructie, 471
Schenker, Heinrich, 86
Scherchen, Hermann, 234, 235, 340, 344, 352, 357, 662
Scherliess, Volker, 280
Schiff, David, 513, 514
Schiffer, Marcellus, 172, 181
Schiller, Friedrich, 46
Schillinger, Joseph, 219
Schmidt, Franz, 109
The Book with Seven Seals, 109
Schmitt, Florent, 88
La tragédie de Salomé, 88
Schnabel, Artur, 662
Schnebel, Dieter, 372, 474
Choralvorspiele, 474
für stimmen (missa est . . .), 474
Schnittke, Alfred, 530–1, 601, 662
Concerto grosso no.1, 531
Symphony no. 4, 531
Schnultze, Norbert, 328
‘Lili Marleen’, 97, 303, 328–9
Schoeck, Othmar, 111
Schoenberg, Arnold, 4, 5, 6, 52, 60, 69–70, 72, 73–6, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 86, 87, 88, 102, 111, 115, 120, 180, 182, 187, 189, 190, 196, 200, 203, 204, 207, 212, 214, 219, 222, 228, 230–1, 233, 234–5, 236, 237, 238, 239–45, 246–8, 249–52, 253, 255, 256–7, 264, 265, 274, 277, 278, 279–80, 282, 286, 301, 340, 341, 342, 346, 347, 348, 352, 374, 375, 376, 383, 406, 460, 510, 532, 662
Accompaniment to a Film Scene (Begleitungsmusik zu einer Lichtspielszene), op. 34, 231, 234, 240–1, 249–50
Bach’s Prelude and Fugue in E flat, version of BWV 552, 241
Cello Concerto, 242
Chamber Symphony no. 1, 340
Chorsatiren, op. 28, 237, 265
‘Composition with Twelve Tones’, 242
Die eiserne Brigade, 246
Erwartung, 76, 81, 86, 248
Fantasy, op. 47, 50
Five Orchestral Pieces, op. 16, 72, 74
Four Orchestral Songs, op. 22, 243
Die glückliche Hand, 69, 243
Gurrelieder, 88, 102, 200
Die Jakobsleiter, 219, 243, 246
Klavierstücke, op. 19, 120
Moses and Aron, 231, 301, 341
‘National Music’, 228, 239
Der neue Klassizismus, 265
Ode to Napoleon, 352
Peace on Earth (Friede auf Erden), 231, 232, 238, 247
Piano Concerto, 279
Piano Pieces, op. 23, 243
Pierrot Lunaire, 76, 80, 82, 102, 278
satirized in Krenek’s Jonny spielt auf, 178
Serenade, op. 24, 233, 243
Six Pieces for Male Chorus, op. 35, 240, 247, 251–2
Society for Private Musical Performances, 190, 233–4, 236, 237
String Quartet Concerto, 255
String Quartet no. 1, 383
String Quartet no. 2, 340
String Quartet no. 4, 249
Suite, op. 29, 248, 251
Suite for Piano, op. 25, 243
A Survivor from Warsaw, 102
Symphony, op. 21, 342
Theory of Harmony, 81
Three Folksongs for Mixed Choir, 247
Three Satires, op. 28, 237, 265
Variations for Orchestra, op. 31, 235, 248
Verklärte Nacht, 79–80
Von heute auf morgen, op. 32, 182, 239
Wind Quintet, op. 26, 243, 346
Scholes, Percy, 480
The Listener’s Guide to Music, 480
The Listener’s History of Music, 480
Schönberg, Claude-Michel, 325
Les Misérables, 325
Miss Saigon, 325
Schonberger, John, 315
‘Whispering’, 315
Schonberger, Malvin, 315
‘Whispering’, 315
Schopenhauer, Arthur 187
Schreker, Franz, 13, 181, 194, 200–1, 202, 207, 663
Der ferne Klang, 200, 201, 202
Der Schatzgräber, 200, 201
Schroeder, John, 308
Schubert, Franz, 188, 257, 383, 472, 516
Octet, 472
fragments for Symphony no. 10, 516
Schuch, Ernst von, 199
Schulhoff, Erwin, 157, 176
5 Etudes de jazz, 176
Fünf Pittoresken, 175
H.M.S. Royal Oak, 176
Hot Music, 176
Hot Sonate, 176
Ironies, 176
Ragmusic, 176
6 Esquisses de jazz, 176
String Quartet no. 2, 176
Suite, 176
Suite dansante en jazz, 176
Symphony no. 2, 176
Schuller, Gunther, 4, 316, 320, 410, 411, 663
and ‘third stream’, 409, 410
Schuman, William, 379, 408
Schumann, Robert, 93, 203, 208, 271, 274, 532, 533
Kreisleriana, 271
Träumerei, 208
Schwabach, Kurt, 328
‘Das lila Lied’, 328
Schwarzkopf, Elisabeth, 206, 663
Schwarzwald, Eugenie, 234
Sciarrino, Salvatore, 663
Scott, Derek B., 76
Scott, James, 125
Scott, Ronnie, 401
Scott, Stephen, 543
Minerva’s Web, 543
Scottish Chamber Orchestra, 530
Scotto, Vincent, 175, 313
‘J’ai deux amours’, 313
Scruton, Roger, 78
Sculthorpe, Peter, 8, 457, 663
SDSA Chorale, 608
Searchers, 570
Secombe, Harry, 311
Second Viennese School, 5, 45, 87, 196, 202, 217, 526
claim to the mainstream, 5, 228–31, 257, 279
construction of, 236–7, 244–5
Secret Garden, 331
‘Nocturne’, 331
Sedaka, Neil, 432
Seeger, Charles, 214, 215, 218
‘Tradition and Experiment in [the New] Music’, 218
Seeger, Pete, 328
‘Where Have All the Flowers Gone?’, 328
Seiber, Mátyás, 173, 409
Improvisations for Jazz Band and Symphony Orchestra, 410
Sekles, Bernhard, 173–4
Sellars, Peter, 553–4
The Death of Klinghoffer, 553
Nixon in China, 553–4
Selvin, Ben, 315
Semba Tropical, 589–90, 591
Senghor, Léopold Sédar, 600, 601
serialism, 47, 73, 74, 76, 77–8, 86, 180, 190, 228, 236, 237, 239, 240, 246, 247, 248–55, 264–5, 279, 282, 340, 343, 346, 347–8, 351, 352, 353, 355, 359, 369, 375, 378, 390, 409, 410, 454, 457, 459, 460, 469, 521, 530, 544, 546, 599, 600
and the musical mainstream, 4, 5, 228–31, 241–5, 257
perception and reception of, 77–8, 350
symmetry, 253–5
total serialism, 4, 342, 345, 348, 349, 357–8, 464, 521, 545, 611
Serkin, Rudolf, 234
Serocki, Kazimierz, 456, 458
Segmenti, 458
Sessions, Roger, 345, 379, 408, 525, 663
Sevčik, Otakar, 50
sex, 133, 423
Sex Pistols, 557–8, 559, 570, 664
‘Anarchy in the UK’, 557
The Great Rock ’n’ Roll Swindle, 559
‘Holidays in the Sun’, 570
‘Johnny B. Goode’, 559
Shadows, 407
Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of, 46
Shakespeare, William, 225, 516
The Tempest, 225–6, 516
Shakti, 413
shakuhachi, 22, 525
Shakur, Tupac, 573
Shangri-Las, 447
Shankar, Ravi, 664
Shattuck, Roger, 216
Shaw, Artie, 141, 397
Artie Shaw Gramercy Five, 148
Shaw, George Bernard, 76, 92, 104
Candida, 104
sheet music, 58, 97, 113, 160, 166, 329, 428, 429
Shelton, Anne, 317, 329
shenqu, 23, 24
Sherman, Cindy, 46
Sherman, Joe, 319
‘Ramblin’ Rose’, 319
Sherman, Noel, 319
‘Ramblin’ Rose’, 319
Shifrin, Lalo, 44, 413
Bullitt, 413
Mission: Impossible, 413
Starsky and Hutch, 413
shimmy, 156, 169, 175, 178, 182
Shipton, Alyn, 141
Shirelles, 563, 571
Shore, Dinah, 317, 320
‘I’ve Got You under My Skin’, 320
Shorter, Wayne (see also Weather Report), 404, 413
Shostakovich, Dmitri, 45, 55, 61, 197, 288–9, 297–8, 299, 366, 368, 369, 370–1, 373, 375, 377, 380, 381, 382–7, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 489, 531, 664
Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District, 61, 288–9, 297, 299, 382
string quartets, 383, 384
String Quartet no. 2, 383
String Quartet no. 3, 383
String Quartet no. 15, 384–7
symphonies, 383
Symphony no. 4, 197, 297–8
Symphony no. 5, 197, 297–8, 382, 383
Symphony no. 7, 197, 382, 383
Symphony no. 10, 391
Symphony no. 14, 384
Shreffler, Anne C., 156, 252, 254, 256
Shuker, Roy, 329
Understanding Popular Music, 329
Shuman, Mort, 327, 432
Jacques Brel Is Alive and Well and Living in Paris, 327
Sibelius, Jean, 5, 45, 55, 70, 73, 94, 103, 196–7, 369, 370, 371, 499, 530, 533, 664
The Bard, 73
Finlandia, 499
Oceanides, 73
symphonies, 70
Symphony no. 1, 70, 103–4
Symphony no. 4, 70
Symphony no. 7, 70
Tapiola, 197
Sieczynsky, Rudolf, 311
‘Wien, du Stadt meiner Träume’, 311
Siegel, Ralph, 331
‘Ein bißchen Frieden’, 331
Silvester, Victor, 316
Ballroom Orchestra, 316
Modern Ballroom Dancing, 316
‘Silver Strings’, 316
simanjemanje, 606
Simon and Garfunkel, 439
‘A Simple Desultory Philippic’, 439
Simon, Paul, 438–9, 563–4, 565, 577, 586, 587–8, 596
‘Bridge Over Troubled Water’, 577
Graceland, 563, 586, 587–8
‘Homeless’, 563
‘You can call me Al’, 587–8
Simoni, Renato, 203
Sinatra, Frank, 3, 15, 307, 317, 318, 319–20, 321, 329, 397, 406, 432, 441, 447, 664
‘How About You’, 320
In the Wee Small Hours, 441
‘I’ve Got You under My Skin’, 320
‘Old Devil Moon’, 319
Songs for Swingin’ Lovers, 319, 321, 441
‘Too Marvelous for Words’, 320
‘You’re Getting To Be a Habit with Me’, 320
Singer, Winaretta, 169
Sissle, Noble, 322
Shuffle Along, 322
Sitwell, Edith, 183
Sitwell, Sacheverell, 183
Size, DJ Roni, 487, 575
Skavlan, Petter, 331
‘Nocturne’, 331
skiffle, 435
Sklovsky, Viktor, 268
Skryabin, Alexander, 77, 109, 214, 215, 219–20, 664
Mysterium, 214–15, 219
Slick, Grace, 449
Slits, 559
Slobin, Mark, 27
Slonimsky, Nicolas, 187
Music since 1900, 187
Sly and the Family Stone (see also Stone, Sly), 562, 665
‘Don’t Call Me Nigger, Whitey’, 562
Smith, Bessie, 126, 130, 665
Smith, Clarence ‘Pinetop’, 425
Smith, Harry, 566
Anthology of American Folk Music, 566
Smith, Ishmael Wadada Leo, 7
Smith, Keely, 320
Smith, Mamie, 167
‘Crazy Blues’, 167
Smith, Mark E., 578
Smith, Patti, 560, 562, 570
Horses, 560, 570
Easter, 562
‘Rock ’n’ Roll Nigger’, 562
Patti Smith Group, 559
Smith, ‘Whispering’ Jack, 317
Smith, Willie ‘The Lion’, 136
Smiths, The, 561, 570, 571
‘Girlfriend in a Coma’, 570
‘Rusholme Ruffians’, 561
Smyth, Ethel, 100, 665
The Wreckers, 100
Snelson, John, 325
Social Realism, 288–9, 298–300, 302, 456
Society of Creative Musicians, 233
Solidor, Suzy, 329
Solti, Georg, 492, 493, 665
Sondheim, Stephen, 324, 325, 665
Follies, 324
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, 324
A Little Night Music, 324
Sweeney Todd, the Demon Barber of Fleet Street, 324
West Side Story, 323–4
song contests, 3, 329, 330, 331
Sonic Arts Union, 468, 469
Sonic Youth, 549, 567
Sonny Boy Williamson, 127
sonorism, see Polish sonorism
Sony, 58, 481, 483, 484, 499, 500, 502
soukous, 594
soul, 439, 440, 444, 478, 490, 555, 563, 571, 572, 605
Soul Stirrers, 425
Source Magazine, 474, 476
Sousa, John Philip, 127, 160, 170, 315
South America, 116, 274, 290–6, 352
Revolutions of, 287
Southern, Eileen, 444–5
Music of Black Americans, 444–5
Souvtschinsky, Pierre, 266
Soviet Communism (see also communism), 60–1, 62–3, 64–5, 287
Soweto String Quartet, 608
Spanier, Muggsy, 143
Muggsy Spanier Ragtimers, 145
Spark, Muriel, 339
The Ballad of Peckham Rye, 339
Sparnaay, Harry, 470
Specht, Richard, 202–3
Specials, 560
‘Gangsters’, 560
Spector, Phil, 427, 433, 435, 447, 448, 566, 569, 665
‘Da Doo Ron Ron’, 566
Spector, Ronnie, 447
Spencer Davis Group, 437
Spewack, Bella, 323
Kiss Me Kate, 323
Spewack, Samuel, 323
Kiss Me Kate, 323
Spice Girls, 562–3
Spice Girls Present . . . the Best Girl Power Album . . . Ever!, 563
spirituals, 124, 125, 167, 172, 179, 192, 296, 444
Spoliansky, Mischa, 171, 172, 328
‘Das lila Lied’, 328
Springfield, Dusty, 320, 327, 329, 447
Springsteen, Bruce, 565, 566, 567, 594, 666
‘Born to Run’, 566
The Ghost of Tom Joad, 567
Squadronaires, the RAF Dance Orchestra, 316
Stacy, Jess, 143
Stadlen, Peter, 340
Stafford, Jo (GI Jo), 317
Stainer, John, 108
Crucifixion, 108
Stalin, Joseph, 61, 218, 288, 289, 299, 300, 382
standards, 147, 323, 399, 403
Stanford, Charles Villiers, 93, 105, 111, 188
The Travelling Companion, 188
Stapleton, Cyril, 308
Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, 431
Starsky and Hutch, 413
State of Bengal, 576
‘Inertia Creeps’, 576
Static, 548
Stax, 428, 433, 434, 437, 440, 447, 448
Steel Porn Rhino, 586
Steele, Tommy, 431
Stein, Gertrude, 75, 82
Stein, Paul L.
Blossom Time, 205, 208
Heart’s Desire, 205
Steinberg, Lewis, 434
Steinecke, Wolfgang, 339–40, 355, 358, 360–1, 453
Steiner, Max, 44, 108, 666
King Kong, 108, 120
Stephan, Rudolf, 265
Steps, 499
Steuermann, Eduard, 12, 234, 235, 666
‘Styles of Musical Interpretation’, 234
Stewart, Jim, 433
Stewart, Rex, 149
Sticky Fingers, 568
Still, William Grant, 7
Stills, Stephen, 566
Sting, 595
Stipe, Michael, 570
Stivell, Alan, 585
stochastics (see also indeterminacy), 344, 357, 458
Stockhausen, Karlheinz, 218, 339, 340, 341–2, 343, 350, 351, 354–7, 358, 359, 360, 366, 372, 374, 392, 413, 453, 454–5, 456, 457–8, 459, 460, 461, 464, 466, 468, 469, 470, 471, 475, 476, 518–19, 521, 532, 555, 666
Aus den sieben Tagen, 470
Carré, 356, 454, 458, 469
Ensemble, 471
Gesang der Jünglinge, 355, 356, 453, 458
Gruppen, 339, 356, 454, 458
Hymnen, 455, 460, 464
Klavierstücke V–X, 355
Klavierstück XI, 355, 358
Klavierstück XII, 518
Klavierstück XIV, 518
Kontakte, 355, 453, 454
Kontra-Punkte, 354
Kreuzspiel, 341, 354
Kurzwellen, 470
Licht cycle, 518–19
Mantra, 466
Mikrophonie I, 459–60, 466
Mixtur, 470
Momente, 455, 470
Monophonie, 459
Originale, 464
Plus-Minus, 470
Refrain, 356
Stimmung, 470
Telemusik, 464
Texte zur Musik, 475
Zeitmässe, 356
Zyklus, 356
Stockhausen, Markus, 519
Stokowski, Leopold, 481, 666
Stoll, Oswald, 312
Stoller, Mike, 427, 432, 433, 446
‘Hound Dog’, 446
Stolz, Robert, 312
‘Goodbye’, 312
Stone, Lew, 318
Stone, Sly (see also Sly and the Family Stone), 413
Stooges, 560
Stranglers, 578
Straus, Oscar, 191
Strauss, Johann I, 116, 309
Strauss, Johann II, 47, 95, 188, 191, 203
Die Fledermaus, 188
Der Zigeunerbaron, 188
Strauss, Richard, 5, 47, 51, 55, 62, 71, 72, 76, 86, 93, 100–1, 103, 111, 119, 187, 195, 196, 199–200, 203, 206, 208, 276, 286, 287, 302, 369, 371–3, 374, 667
Eine Alpensinfonie, 72
Also sprach Zarathustra, 72
Ariadne auf Naxos, 71, 199
Capriccio, 93, 287
Elektra, 71, 76, 86, 93
Four Last Songs, 371, 373
Die Frau ohne Schatten, 196
Friedenstag, 287
Guntram, 196
Die Liebe der Danae, 47
Metamorphosen, 371, 373
Don Quixote, 118
Der Rosenkavalier, 101, 119, 199, 286, 372
Salome, 47, 71, 200
Die schweigsame Frau, 287
Symphonia Domestica, 72
Tod und Verklärung, 372
Stravinsky, Igor, 5, 14, 47, 55, 69, 73, 75, 76, 78, 82, 83, 84, 87, 88, 101, 103, 119, 150, 156, 157, 165–6, 168, 175, 189, 190, 193, 203, 204, 207, 217, 229, 237, 244, 251, 260, 262, 263, 264, 265–9, 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 282, 286, 300–1, 336, 346, 364, 367, 369, 371, 375, 376, 378, 389, 407, 408, 444, 509, 510, 525, 526, 545, 546, 667
Apollon musagète, 262, 277
Le baiser de la fée, 266
Bogoroditse devo (Blessed Virgin), 301
Capriccio, 268
Concerto for Piano and Wind, 268–9, 277
Concerto for Two Pianos, 268
‘Dumbarton Oaks’ Concerto, 193
Ebony Concerto, 408
The Firebird, 101, 119, 267
Mass, 301
Mavra, 266, 277
Les noces, 73–4, 267, 277
Oedipus rex, 207, 262, 268, 276, 277
Orpheus, 262, 371
Perséphone, 262, 277
Petrushka, 83, 101, 119
Piano–Rag Music, 165, 166
Piano Sonata, 268, 277
Poetics of Music, 266
Polka, 265
Pulcinella, 83, 266, 272
Ragtime for Eleven Instruments, 165, 166
The Rite of Spring (Le sacre du printemps), 14, 73–4, 77, 84, 88, 101, 168, 267, 278, 286, 301, 346
Scherzo fantastique, 103
Serenade in A for piano, 268
Simvol’ verï (Symbol of Faith), 301
The Soldier’s Tale (L’Histoire du Soldat), 165, 166, 265
Symphonies of Wind Instruments, 78, 266, 267
Symphony in E flat, 69
Symphony of Psalms, 268, 301
Wind Octet, 265, 267–8, 277
Stravinsky, Soulima, 268
Strayhorn, Billy, 144, 149, 667
A Streetcar Named Desire, 406
Streisand, Barbara, 332
stride piano, see piano: stride
Strindberg, August, 82
Strobel, Heinrich, 338, 355
Stroheim, Erich von, 207
Strong, Barrett, 433
Stuckenschmidt, Hans, 182, 233
Studio für Elektronische Musik, 338, 343, 354, 476
Südwestfunk, 337, 338, 346
Suede, 578
Sufaris, 434
‘Wipe Out’, 434
Sugarhill Gang, 572
‘Rapper’s Delight’, 572
Sullivan, Arthur, 93, 95, 99, 100, 105, 118, 321
‘Onward Christian Soldiers’, 93
Summa Cum Laude Orchestra, 145
Summer, Donna, 478, 555
‘Hot Stuff’, 478
Summers, Dorothy, 311
Summit, Jeffrey, 25–7
Sun Ra, 411
Myth-Science Arkestra, 411
Sunshine Girl, The, 157, 158
Superior, 128
Supremes, 434, 560, 563
‘Some Things You Never Get Used To’, 560
‘You Can’t Hurry Love’, 560
surf music, 434
Surrealism, 347
Suso, Foday Musa, 584, 589–90, 591, 603
‘Spring Waterfall’, 603
Sutermeister, Heinrich, 62
Suzuki, Daisetz, 349
Suzuki method, 50
Swarsenski, Hans, 469
‘Sweet Georgia Brown’, 148
swing (rhythm), 125, 128, 136, 138, 145, 304, 318, 398
swing (style) (see also big band), 123, 135, 141, 313, 316–17, 395, 396, 397, 398, 401, 402, 408
small band swing, 144, 147–9
swing band, see big band
symbolism, 79, 80, 82
Symons, Arthur, 79
symphonic jazz, 154, 156, 170, 408–10
synthesizer, 464, 487, 518, 555, 564, 593
Szell, George, 50, 667
Szymanowski, Karol, 47, 77, 668
Tagg, Philip, 443, 444
Tailleferre, Germaine, 174
Violin Sonata, 174
Tairov, Alexander, 299
Evipetskiye nochi (Egyptian nights), 299
Takemitsu, Toru, 346, 457, 668
Requiem, 346
Talbot, Howard, 95
Talking Heads, 559, 569, 585
‘Houses in Motion’, 569
Remains in Light, 585
Tamusuza, Justinian, 607
Abakadde Abaagalana Be Balima Akambugu, 607
Ekitundu Ekisooka, 607
Tan Dun, 44, 668
tanci, 23
Tangerine Dream, 555
tango, 98, 156, 157–8, 165, 166, 172, 176, 178, 180, 181, 182, 183, 239, 312, 531
Finnish, 309
‘Ta-ra-ra Boom-de-ay’, 94
Taruskin, Richard, 103, 382, 383, 555
Tate Modern, 52, 506, 535
Tatum, Art, 137, 148, 668
Tauber, Richard, 3, 12–13, 186, 188, 189, 198–202, 203–6, 207–8, 311, 668
Blossom Time, 205, 208
Heart’s Desire, 205
The Singing Dream, 206
Taucher, Kurt, 202
Taupin, Bernie, 577
‘Border Song (Holy Moses)’, 577
Tavernier, Bertrand, 407
’Round Midnight, 407
Taxi Driver, 407
Taylor, Cecil, 410, 469, 668
Unit Structures, 410
Taylor, Helen, 311
‘Bless this House’, 311
Taylor, James, 565
Taylor, Timothy, 35
Tchaikovsky, Piotr Illyich, 60, 69, 94, 101, 103, 106, 107, 172, 263, 266, 271, 302
1812 Overture, 172
Orchestral Suite no. 4 (‘Mozartiana’), 271
Symphony no. 6 (‘Pathétique’), 103
Teagarden, Jack, 135, 140, 145
techno (see also electronic dance music), 487, 555, 573, 586, 587, 595
technology, 92, 123, 237, 239, 302–3, 428, 481, 506–8, 522, 553, 564–5, 566–7, 568, 589–90, 595
in the non-Western world, 18, 19, 22–5, 34, 36, 37
Teitelbaum, Richard (see also Musica Elettronica Viva), 469
television, 310, 312–13, 315, 413, 430, 501
sitcom, 422, 430, 431
Television (band), 559
Temple, Julien, 558
The Filth and the Fairy, 558
Templeton, Alec, 111
‘Bach Goes to Town’, 111
Temptations, The, 434, 440
‘Papa Was a Rolling Stone’, 440
Termen, Lev, 219, 221
rhythmicon, 221
Les Tetes Brulées, 594
Tezenas, Susanne, 337, 343, 349
Thackray, Jake, 327
Thatcher, Margaret, 492
Them, The, 437, 559
Theoretical Girls, 548
Theodorakis, Mikis, 669
Theosophy, 207, 214
Thérémin, Léon, see Termen, Lev
Thill, Georges, 3
‘third stream’, 183, 409–10, 413
Thomas, Carla, 422
Thomas, Dylan, 339
Under Milk Wood, 339
Thomas, Rufus, 422
Thompson, Ben, 572
Thompson, Virgil, 133, 349
Thorn, Tracey, 575
Thornhill, Claude, 150, 404
Thornton, Big Mama, 446
‘Hound Dog’, 446
Thorpe, Richard
The Great Caruso, 312
369th Infantry Band, 167
Tilzer, Harry von [Harold Gumm], 117
timbre, 167, 458, 459, 464, 470
Tin Pan Alley, 94, 97–9, 110, 116, 317–21, 323, 324, 330, 432, 570
African-American impact on, 98
rhythms, 98–9
‘Ta-ra-ra Boom-de-ay’, 94
Tinctoris, Johannes, 270
Terminorum musicae diffinitorium, 270
Tindersticks, 567
Tio, Lorenzo, 129, 135
Tiomkin, Dimitri, 108, 669
Tipica Orchestra, 310
Tippett, Michael, 207, 293, 296–7, 304, 382, 389, 390, 392, 510, 669
A Child of Our Time, 296–7
Concerto for Double String Orchestra, 296
Tizol, Juan, 140
TKZ Family, 606
Toch, Ernst, 44
Tollerton, Nell, 307
‘Cruising Down the River’, 307
Tom and Jerry (aka Simon and Garfunkel), 438
‘Hey, Schoolgirl’, 438
Tommasini, Vincenzo, 266, 273
Le donne di buon umore, 266, 273
Toop, David, 502, 504
Torke, Michael, 550, 669
Ash, 550
Ecstatic Orange, 550
Javelin, 550
Toscanini, Arturo, 13, 58, 481, 493, 669
Touré, Ali Farka, 594, 670
Tovey, Donald Francis, 230, 539
‘The Main Stream of Music’, 230
Townshend, Pete, 425, 566
transistor, 466, 483
transmission, see dissemination
Trenet, Charles, 97, 327
‘Boum’, 97
A Tribe Called Quest, 562, 573
‘Sucka N***a’, 562
tribute albums, 567
Tricky, 575, 576
Maxinquaye, 575
Trojahn, Manfred, 508
Truman, Harry, 43
Trumbauer, Frankie, 132
‘Singing the Blues’, 132
Tucholsky, Kurt, 172, 328
Tudor, David, 12, 345, 350, 355–6, 358, 359, 464, 470, 670
tuning (see also microtones), 215, 221, 225, 459, 515, 547–9
Turner, Joe, 433
Turner, Tina, 563
Tveitt, Geirr, 5
twelve-tone music, see serialism
Twitty, Conway, 426
two-step, 160, 426
Tynjanov, Jury, 268
Tzara, Tristan, 82, 216
Uhr, Billy, 329
‘Tears’, 329
Ulrich, Lars, 478, 479
Umm Kulthūm, 24, 26, 670
Ungaretti, G., 353
United Nations, 563
Universal Edition, 115, 152, 179, 195, 235, 256, 463, 475
universities, 45, 345
music courses, 43
as patron of modernism, 345, 455, 475
U.N.K.L.E., 576
Unplugged, 567
Upton, Bertha, 163
Ussachevsky, Vladimir, 338, 345
Ustvol’skaya, Galina, 670
U2, 332, 569, 670
Achtung Baby, 569
‘Within You Without You’, 569
Uzoigwe, Joshua, 597, 599, 602
Four Igbo Folk Songs, 597
Vadim Roger, 407
Sait-on jamais (No Sun in Venice), 403, 407
Valens, Ritchie, 428, 431
Valentin, Val, 574
Valentino, Rudolf, 447
Vallee, Rudy, 317, 329, 447
Vandor, Ivan (see also Musica Elettronica Viva), 469
Varèse, Edgard, 7, 70, 76, 190, 214, 216–17, 218, 219–21, 222, 224, 225, 340, 459, 510, 670
Amériques, 217
Arcana, 217
Densité 220, 557–79
Déserts, 217
Ecuatorial, 220
Espace, 219, 221, 224
Hyperprism, 217
Intégrales, 217
International Composers’ Guild, 190, 217
Ionisation, 220, 222, 340
Octandre, 217
Offrandes, 217
Pan American Association of Composers (PAAC), 217, 220
La Poème électronique, 217
La Procession de Vergès, 217
Varian, John O., 214
variety, 96, 157, 311, 312–13, 314, 318, 430, 432
Varna, Henri, 313
‘J’ai deux amours’, 313
vaudeville, 92, 94, 95, 96, 105, 126, 129, 134, 157, 167, 176, 194, 312, 314, 320, 482
Vaughan, Sarah, 401
Vaughan Williams, Ralph, 70, 88, 103, 106, 109, 111, 115, 193, 207, 371, 373–4, 381, 485, 671
Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis, 373
Four Last Songs, 373
Linden Lea, 111
The Pilgrim’s Progress, 373
Sinfonia antartica, 106
Symphony no. 1 (‘A Sea Symphony’), 88
Symphony no. 3 (‘A Pastoral Symphony’), 70
Symphony no. 4, 207
Symphony no. 6, 371, 373, 374
Vaughan Williams, Ursula, 373
Vechten, Carl Van, 133
Vedova, Emilio, 354
Vega, Suzanne, 569–70
99.9 F, 570
Solitude Standing, 569–70
‘Luka’, 569
‘Tom’s Diner’, 569–70
Velez, Glen, 585
Velvet Underground, 496, 547, 560, 574, 671
‘Heroin’, 547
Velvet Underground, 574
Venuti, Joe, 135, 140
Verdi, Giuseppe, 56, 116, 268, 553
Aida, 99, 118
Il trovatore, 99
Vienna Workers’ Chorus, 235
Vierk, Lois, 548
GO Guitars, 548
Tusk, 548
Vietnam War, 441, 472, 475
Vig, Butch, 565
Villa-Lobos, Heitor, 274, 671
Bachianas brasileiras, 274
Chôros, 274
Vincent, Gene, 308
Viola, Bill, 46
virtuosity, 30, 71, 166, 167, 437, 442, 470, 471, 519, 521, 559
anti-virtuosity, 467
Vivaldi, Antonio, 488
Vlijmen, Jan van, 471
Reconstructie, 471
Vodery, Will, 183
Volans, Kevin, 587–8, 608, 609–10, 671
Cover Him With Grass, 610
Hunting: Gathering, 610
Mbira, 610
She Who Sleeps with a Small Blanket, 610
White Man Sleeps, 587–8, 610
Volharding, De, 545
Vostrak, Zbynek, 456
Wagner, Richard, 47–8, 51, 60, 62, 69, 79, 80, 93, 94, 100, 106, 107, 118, 120, 187, 195, 199, 207, 211, 228, 252, 257, 280, 302, 489, 511, 554, 600
Der fliegende Holländer, 207
Götterdämmerung, 211
Die Meistersinger, 94, 118
Parsifal, 511
Das Rheingold, 489
The Ring, 120, 489, 511, 554
Siegfried, 211
Tristan und Isolde, 76, 79, 211
Wagner, Siegfried, 207
Wainwright, Loudon III, 565
Waits, Tom, 569
Walker, Scott, 327
Walkman, 12, 483, 484, 500
Waller, ‘Fats’, 136, 672
Walser, Martin, 276
Walser, Rob, 443, 444
Walter, Bruno, 50, 187, 188, 672
Walters, Ethel, 126
Walton, William, 182–3, 672
Façade, 183
waltz, 99, 126, 141, 156, 166, 321, 421
Ward, Helen, 141
Warhol, Andy, 46
Waring, Fred, 315
Warlock, Peter, 111
Warren, Harry, 96, 320
‘You’re Getting To Be A Habit with Me’, 320
Warwick, Dionne, 320, 329
Washington, Geno, 560
Waters, Muddy, 436, 437
Watkins, Glenn E., 160
Watters, Lu, 145, 146
Waxman, Franz, 108, 672
‘Way Down Yonder in New Orleans’, 148
Weather Girls, 563
Weather Report, 413
Mr Gone, 413
Weatherly, Fred, 311, 312
‘The Holy City’, 312
‘Roses of Picardy’, 311
‘Up from Somerset’, 311
Weavers, 438
Webb, Roy, 108
Weber, Carl Maria von, 268
Weber, Max, 331
Webern, Anton, 13, 45, 70, 71, 75, 81, 82, 88, 115, 228, 232, 233, 235, 236, 237–8, 241, 243–4, 247, 248, 250, 251, 252–4, 255, 256, 274, 282, 340, 341–2, 347, 348, 350, 352, 361, 374, 460, 509, 510, 672
Bagatelles, 243
Concerto, op. 24, 253, 341
Five Canons on Latin Texts, 254
Five Pieces for String Quartet, op. 5, 81, 248
Five Sacred Songs, op. 15, 254
Kinderstück, 243
‘Mein Weg geht jetzt vorüber’, 243
orchestration of the Ricercar from Bach’s Musical Offering, 241, 247
The Path to New Music, 237, 238, 241, 243, 251, 252
Six Pieces for Orchestra, op. 6, 71, 88
String Quartet, op. 28, 253, 254
String Trio, op. 20, 244
Symphony, op. 21, 235, 248, 253–4, 347
Variations, op. 27, 340
Variations, op. 30, 248
Webster, Ben, 149
Webster, Paul, 312
‘The Loveliest Night of the Year’, 312
Wechter, Julius, 311
Spanish Flea, 311
Wedding Present, 565
Seamonsters, 565
Weems, Ted, 315
Weil, Cynthia, 432
Weill, Kurt, 13, 84, 101, 115, 157, 172, 173, 180, 181, 189, 229, 237, 239, 247, 300, 322–3, 432, 673
Aufsteig und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny, 172
Die Dreigroschenoper, 173, 181, 323
‘Moritat’, 323
‘Here I’ll stay’, 101
Lady in the Dark, 323
‘Mack the Knife’, 323, 432
Mahogany-Songspiel, 180
Der Protagonist, 180
Royal Palace, 180
Der Weg der Verheissung (The Eternal Road), 300
Der Zar lässt sich photographieren, 180–1
Weingartner, Felix, 51, 673
Weininger, Otto, 82
Weintraub, Stefan, 171
Weintraub Syncopators, 171
Weiss, Adolph, 220, 236
Weiss, Peter, 472
Die Ermittlung, 472
Weissman, Adolf, 197–8, 202
Der klingende Garten, Impressionen über das Erotische in der Musik, 197–8
Welenga, Wes, 586
Wes, 586
Weller, Paul, 561
‘The Changingman’, 561
Wellesz, Egon, 276
Wells, Dickie, 143
Wells, H. G., 76
Wells, Kitty, 446
Wellstood, Dick, 136
Wemba, Papa, 673
Werfel, Franz, 300
West, Mae, 205
West and Other (see also hybrids and hybridization), 8, 65, 85, 155
non-Western impact on Western musics, 301, 349, 352, 514, 600, 611
Western impact on non-Western musics, 18–37, 490, 598–602
Westdeutscher Rundfunk, 337, 338, 354
Westendorf, Thomas, 312
‘I’ll Take You Home Again Kathleen’, 312
Westernization, 29, 31, 34, 37, 124, 125, 396–7, 407–10, 490, 497, 584
Westwood, Vivienne, 558
While I Live, 310
‘Whispering’, 148
White, John, 543
White, Pearl, 165
Whiteman, Paul, 119, 134, 135, 138, 139, 154, 156, 170, 172, 173, 176, 178, 314, 315, 673
‘Experiment in Modern Music’, 154
Jazz, 170
‘Whispering’, 315
Whitfield, David, 320
Whitfield, Norman, 433
Whiting, Margaret, 320
Whiting, Richard A., 320
‘Too Marvelous for Words’, 320
Whiting, Stephen, 163, 165
Whitman, Walt, 82
Whittall, Arnold, 296, 297, 530
Who, The, 441, 442, 490, 558, 563, 673
Tommy, 442, 490
The Who Sell Out, 568
Wiene, Robert, 191
The Cabinet of Dr Caligari, 191
Wiéner, Jean, 168–9, 174, 175
Album Wiéner-Doucet, 169
Concerto franco-américain, 169
Olive chez les nègres, ou Le village blanc, 169, 175
Sonatine syncopée, 169
Trois blues chantes, 169
Wilde, Oscar, 101, 345
Salome, 101
Wilder, Thornton, 376
The Long Christmas Dinner, 376
Willemetz, Albert, 321
‘Mon Homme’ aka ‘My Man’, 321–2
Williams, Andy, 307, 319, 329
‘Music to Watch Girls By’, 307
‘Ramblin’ Rose’, 319
Williams, Bert, 95
Williams, Charles, 310
‘The Dream of Olwen’, 310
Williams, Christopher, 4, 7
Williams, Clarence, 131
Williams, Cootie, 136, 143, 149
Williams, Hank, 425–6, 446
Williams, John, 44, 332, 502, 673
Star Wars, 502
Williams, Paul (architect), 346
Williams, Paul (editor of Crawdaddy), 468
Williams, Raymond, 561
Williams, Tony, 404
Wills, Bob, 426
Wilson, Brian, 427, 434, 441, 569
Wilson, Carl, 434
Wilson, Dennis, 434
Wilson, Edmund Jr., 154
Wilson, Garland, 316
Wilson, Robert, 551–2, 553
The CIVIL warS, 553
Wilson, Sandy, 322
The Boy Friend, 322
Wilson, Teddy, 137, 147, 148, 149, 313, 316
Winckelmann, J. J., 261
Winkler, Max, 106–7
Winley, Tanya, 572
‘Vicious Rap’, 572
Winwood, Stevie, 437
‘Gimme Some Lovin’, 437
Wire, 578
Witherspoon, Jimmy, 426
Wodehouse, P. G., 99
Wolf, Hugo, 111
Wolf-Ferrari, Ermanno, 188
Gli Amanti sposi, 188
Wolfe, Julia, 546
Lick, 546
Wolff, Christian, 344, 349, 351, 462, 673
Wolpe, Stefan, 674
Wolverines, 130–1
Wolzogen, Ernst von, 182
Überbrettl Kabarett, 182
WOMAD (World of Music and Dance), 497
women, empowerment of, 422, 440, 562–3, 579
women in music, 1, 3, 14, 110, 315, 316, 320–1, 445, 562
composers, 311
excluded from the canon, 446
in the recording industry, 448
Wonder, Stevie, 594, 674
Wood, Haydn, 311
‘Roses of Picardy’, 311
Woodforde-Finden, Amy, 111
Indian Love Lyrics, 111
Wooding, Sam, 172, 173
The Chocolate Kiddies Revue, 172
Woodstock festival, 419, 442, 449, 483
Woolf, Virgina, 75, 76, 82, 86, 119
To the Lighthouse, 86
Workers’ Symphony, 232, 235, 236, 238, 239, 247, 255
World Bank, 592
‘world beat’, 34, 35, 586
‘world music’, 9, 33–5, 183, 414, 490, 493, 496, 539, 563–4, 586–90, 592, 596, 602, 609
World War, First, 4, 61, 109, 130, 134, 136, 156, 177, 178, 187, 189, 191, 208, 228, 237, 245, 246, 261, 264, 272, 273, 277, 279, 282, 286, 287, 310, 315, 321
World War, Second, 4, 5, 6, 14, 18, 140, 144, 147, 150, 176, 177, 183, 200, 208, 221, 233, 239, 248, 256, 273, 287, 292, 301, 307, 316, 328, 336, 361, 365, 373, 380, 383, 395, 397, 419, 422, 435, 438
Wright, Frank Lloyd, 54
Wurlitzer (see also cinema organ), 97
Wyk, Arnold van, 674
Wyman, Bill, 437
Wynn, Nan, 112
Xenakis, Iannis, 343–4, 357, 455, 458, 475, 674
Diamorphoses, 458
Kraanerg, 455
Metastasis, 344
Musiques formelles, 475
Nomos Gamma, 455
Persepolis, 455
Pithoprakta, 344, 357, 458
Syrmos, 458
Terretektorh, 455
Xu Yinping, 23
Yamaha DX-7 keyboard, 564
Yamashta, Stomu, 471
Yardbirds, 437
Yes, 490
Tales from Topographic Oceans, 490, 568
Yorke, Thom, 578
Youmans, Vincent, 99, 175
No, No, Nanette, 99, 175
Young, Ben, 576
‘Napoli Trip’, 576
Young, La Monte, 225, 466–7, 468, 502, 508, 541, 547, 548, 549, 550–1, 554, 674
Composition #7 1960, 466
Dream Houses, 225, 550–1
String Trio, 466
The Theatre of Eternal Music, 225, 547
The Well-Tuned Piano, 547
Young, Lester, 143, 148, 149, 404
The Kansas City Five, 149
‘Me, Myself and I’, 149
Young, Neil, 566
youth and youth culture, 10, 317, 411, 422–3, 432, 440, 498, 523, 560, 562
Yuasa, Joji, 457
Yun, Isang, 457
Loyang, 457
Réak, 457
Yvain, Maurice, 175, 321–2
‘Mon Homme’ aka ‘My Man’, 321–2
Ta Bouche, 322
Zandonai, 188, 290
I cavalieri de Ekebu, 188
Zappa, Frank, 498, 675
Zarzuela, 309
Zawinul, Joe (see also Weather Report), 413, 595
Zazeela, Marian, 550–1
Zeitoper, see opera: Zeitoper
Zemlinsky, Alexander von, 111, 200, 252, 675
Zhdanov, Andrei, 61, 288
Zhu Jiesheng, 23
Ziegfeld Follies, 321
Ziegler, Anne, 312
Ziegler, Hans Severus, 194
Zimmermann, Bernd Alois, 459–60, 675
Dialoge, 459
Présence, 459
Die Soldaten, 459
Zorn, John, 11, 585, 675
‘Forbidden Fruit’, 585
zouk, 594
Zukor, Adolph, 105
Zwilich, Ellen Taaffe, 676
zydeco, 421, 426